Alcohols, Aliphatic

Falbe, Jürgen; Bahrmann, Helmut; Lipps, Wolfgang; Mayer, Dieter

doi:10.1002/14356007.a01_279

Cited by 31 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Our results showed that lizard species living in such mesic milieus exhibit large proportions of aldehydes, low molecular weight alcohols and a high chemical richness in their secretions. Low molecular weight alcohols and aldehydes evaporate rapidly, and aldehydes are also very susceptible to oxidation (Apps et al., ; Falbe, Bahrmann, Lipps, & Mayer, ; Kohlpaintner et al., ) While the volatile nature of these chemicals makes them, a priori, unsuitable candidates for a scent‐marking function, the harsh signalling conditions of mesic environments would only accelerate the emission of the chemicals, making them even less suitable. Intuitively, these findings are not in accordance with our predictions on signalling efficacy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental conditions shape the chemical signal design of lizards

et al. 2017

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The signals that animals use to communicate often differ considerably among species. Part of this variation in signal design may derive from differential natural selection on signal efficacy; the ability of the signal to travel efficiently through the environment and attract the receiver's attention. For the visual and acoustic modalities, the effect of the physical environment on signal efficacy is a well‐studied selective force. Still, very little is known on its impact on chemical signals. Here, we took a broad, phylogenetic comparative approach to test for a relationship between animals' signal chemistry and properties of their natural environment. Our study focused on lizards from the Lacertidae family. We sampled 64 species across three continents and determined the lipophilic composition of their glandular signalling secretions using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. For each species, an array of environmental variables of high temporal and spatial resolution was obtained from climate databases. Species varied considerably in the overall richness (number of constituents) of their secretions, as well as in the relative contribution of the major chemical compound classes. Signal richness and the relative contribution of the respective compounds exhibited little evidence of phylogenetic relatedness, suggesting that chemical signals may change very rapidly. Neither insularity nor substrate use affected chemical signal composition, however, we found a strong statistical relationship between the chemistry of the lizards' secretions and aspects of the thermal and hydric environment they inhabit. Species from ‘xeric’ milieus contained high proportions of stable fatty acid esters and high molecular weight alcohols in their glandular secretions, which likely increase the persistence of secretion scent‐marks. In contrast, species inhabiting ‘mesic’ environments produced secretions of a high chemical richness comprising high levels of aldehydes and low molecular weight alcohols. This chemical mix probably creates a volatile‐rich signal that can be used for long‐distance airborne communication. We argue that the observed variation in signal design results from differential natural selection, optimizing signal efficacy under contrasting environmental conditions. A http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1365-2435.12984/suppinfo is available for this article.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental conditions shape the chemical signal design of lizards

et al. 2017

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“…GC-MS was performed on a Shimadzu GC-17B equipped with a thermal conductivity detector and with an RT-βDEXsm capillary column. 1 Hand 13 C NMR spectra were obtained on a JNM-AL400 spectrometer at 400 MHz; samples for NMR were dissolved in chloroform-d1 with TMS as an internal standard. Products were confirmed by the comparison of their GC retention time, mass, 1 H and 13 C NMR spectra with those of authentic samples.…”

Section: Characterisationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Selective hydrogenation of furfural (FFald) to furfuryl alcohol (FFalc) is great industrial interest since it widely use in various applications [1]. Industrially, furfuryl alcohol was produced by liquid hydrogenation of furfural at the high temperature and H2 pressure by using copper-chromite (Cu-Cr) catalysts which exhibits moderate in activity and selectivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Hydrogenation of Biomass-derived Furfural over Supported Ni3Sn2 Alloy: Role of Supports

Rodiansono

Astuti

Khairi

et al. 2016

Bull. Chem. React. Eng. Catal.

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A highly active and selective hydrogenation of biomass-derived furfural into furfuryl alcohol was achieved using supported single phase Ni3Sn2 alloy catalysts. Various supports such as active carbon (AC), -Al2O3, Al(OH)3, ZnO, TiO2, ZrO2, MgO, Li-TN, and SiO2 have been employed in order to understand the role of the support on the formation of Ni3Sn2 alloy phase and its catalytic performance. Supported Ni3Sn2 alloy catalysts were synthesised via a simple hydrothermal treatment of the mixture of aqueous solution of nickel chloride hexahydrate and ethanol solution of tin(II) chloride dihydrate in presence of ethylene glycol at 423 K for 24 h followed by H2 treatment at 673 K for 1.5 h, then characterised by using ICP-AES, XRD, H2-and N2-adsorption. XRD profiles of samples showed that the Ni3Sn2 alloy phases are readily formed during hydrothermal processes and become clearly observed at 2θ = 43-44 o after H2 treatment. The presence of Ni3Sn2 alloy species that dispersed on the supports is believed to play a key role in highly active and selective hydrogenation of biomass-derived furfural towards furfuryl alcohol. Ni3Sn2 on TiO2 and ZnO supports exhibited much lower reaction temperature to achieved >99% yield of furfuryl alcohol product compared with other supports. The effects of loading amount of Ni-Sn, reaction conditions (temperature and time profile) on the activity and selectivity towards the desired product are systematically discussed.

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“…The chemoselective hydrogenation of the C=O bond in α,β-unsaturated ketones/aldehydes has been extensively studied because the unsaturated alcohols that the reaction forms are important in the production of a variety of fine chemicals [1]. The group-9 and group-10 metals, such as Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, and Pt, are well known to generally hydrogenate the C=C bond more easily than the C=O bond of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Nanoporous Ni-Sn Alloy and Application for Chemoselective Hydrogenation of Furfural to Furfuryl Alcohol

Rodiansono

Hara

Ichikuni

et al. 2013

Bull. Chem. React. Eng. Catal.

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A very simple synthetic procedure was developed for the preparation of Ni-Sn alloy catalysts that were utilised for chemoselective hydrogenation of furfural, producing furfuryl alcohol almost exclusively. The mixture of nickel nanoparticles supported on aluminum hydroxide (R-Ni/AlOH) and a solution containing tin was treated under hydrothermal condition, producing the as prepared nickel-tin alloy supported on aluminum hydroxide (Ni-Sn/AlOH). H2 treatment at range of temperature of 673-873 K for 1.5 h to the as prepared Ni-Sn/AlOH produced nanoporous Ni-Sn alloy catalysts. XRD patterns and SEM images revealed that the formation of Ni-Sn alloy of Ni3Sn and Ni3Sn2 phases and the transformation of crystalline gibbsite and bayerite into amorphous alumina were clearly observed after H2 treatment at 873 K. The formation of the Ni-Sn alloy may have played a key role in the enhancement of the chemoselectivity.

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Alcohols, Aliphatic

Cited by 31 publications

References 46 publications

Environmental conditions shape the chemical signal design of lizards

Environmental conditions shape the chemical signal design of lizards

Selective Hydrogenation of Biomass-derived Furfural over Supported Ni3Sn2 Alloy: Role of Supports

Development of Nanoporous Ni-Sn Alloy and Application for Chemoselective Hydrogenation of Furfural to Furfuryl Alcohol

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