Alkaline Serine Proteinase Is a Major Allergen of Aspergillus flavus, a Prevalent Airborne  Aspergillus Species in the Taipei Area

Chou, Hong; Lin, Win-Ling; Tam, Ming F.; Wang, Soo-Ray; Han, Shou‐Hwa; Shen, Horng-Der

doi:10.1159/000024205

Cited by 38 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Protein components in the crude fungal extracts were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) or by 2D gel electrophoresis and transferred electrophoretically onto polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membrane (0.45 µm, Millipore, Bedford, Mass., USA) as described [12, 13, 14, 15, 16]. The membrane was blocked with 1% skim milk, then incubated with diluted human serum samples (1:5 dilution in Tris-buffered saline, pH 7.5, 0.05% Tween 20 and 1% skim milk) for 16 h at 4°C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have shown previously that the alkaline/vacuolar serine proteases are major allergens in eight prevalent Penicillium and Aspergillus species (Penicillium citrinum, Penicillium brevicompactum, Penicillium notatum, Penicillium oxalicum, Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger) [12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17]. IgE cross-reactivity among these serine protease allergens was also detected [13, 14, 15, 16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…IgE cross-reactivity among these serine protease allergens was also detected [13, 14, 15, 16]. In addition, we have documented that a heat shock protein in the hsp70 family [18]and an 18-kD peroxisomal membrane protein [19]are also important allergens of P. citrinum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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cDNA Cloning and Immunological Characterization of a Newly Identified Enolase Allergen from Penicillium citrinum and Aspergillus fumigatus

Lai¹,

Tam

Tang

et al. 2002

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Background:Penicillium citrinum and Aspergillus fumigatus are prevalent indoor airborne fungal species that have been implicated in human respiratory allergic disorders. It is important to understand the allergenic profile of these fungal species. The purpose of the present study is to characterize a newly identified enolase allergen from P. citrinum and A. fumigatus. Methods: Fungal proteins were separated by two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis and blotted onto polyvinylidene difluoride membranes. Protein spots that reacted with IgE antibodies in serum samples from asthmatic patients were identified and the N-terminal amino acid sequences were determined by Edman degradation. The peptide sequences obtained were utilized in cloning the cDNA of the allergen genes by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and the 5′- and 3′-rapid amplification cDNA end reactions. Results: Our results from 2D immunoblotting identified a 47-kD IgE-reactive component in the extracts of P. citrinum and A. fumigatus. The N-terminal amino acid sequences of the 47-kD proteins are homologous to those of fungal enolases. The corresponding enolase cDNA from P. citrinum contains 1,552 bp and encodes a protein of 438 residues. In A. fumigatus, the isolated enolase cDNA has 1,649 bp and contains a 438-amino acid open reading frame. The deduced amino acid sequences of these two enolases have 94% identity. These enolases from P. citrinum and A. fumigatus were expressed in Escherichia coli as a His-tagged protein and designated as rPen c 22 and rAsp f 22, respectively. Sera from 7 (30%) of the 23 Penicillium-sensitized asthmatic patients showed IgE binding to the 47-kD P. citrinum component (Pen c 22) and rPen c 22. In addition, six of seven Pen c 22-positive serum samples have IgE immunoblot reactivity to the 47-kD A. fumigatus component (Asp f 22) and rAsp f 22. A polyclonal rabbit antiserum generated against the N-terminal peptide of Pen c 22 can react with Pen c 22, rPen c 22, Asp f 22 and rAsp f 22. In addition, the presence of IgE cross-reactivity between rPen c 22 and rAsp f 22 and between enolases from A. fumigatus and Alternaria alternata was also detected by immunoblot inhibition. Conclusions: These results demonstrated that a novel enolase allergen from P. citrinum (Pen c 22) and A. fumigatus (Asp f 22) was identified. In addition, IgE cross-reactivity between enolase allergens from A. fumigatus and P. citrinum and between enolases from A. fumigatus and A. alternata was also detected. Results obtained provide more information on fungal enolase allergens.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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cDNA Cloning and Immunological Characterization of a Newly Identified Enolase Allergen from Penicillium citrinum and Aspergillus fumigatus

Lai¹,

Tam

Tang

et al. 2002

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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“…Various kinds of proteases have been isolated and characterised from both Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus flavus and have been proposed to contribute to the tissue damage observed in patients of aspergillosis (10,11,12,13).…”

Section: Biology Of a Fumigatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges in prevention, diagnosis and therapy of emerging fungal diseases. Aspergillosis: A case study

Sarma

Madan

2000

Indian J Clin Biochem

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Diseases caused by pathogenic filamentous fungi, are an emerging threat to public health in the wake of increasing incidence of HIV and tuberculosis. At this point, discovery and development of fungal therapeutics and diagnostics are serious challenges for biomedical researchers. Recent technological advances in genomics and proteomics offer great scope for development of preventive and therapeutic measures for fungal diseases. Aspergillus, one of the medically important filamentous pathogenic fungi causes a wide spectrum of clinical disorders ranging from allergic aspergillosis to systemic invasive aspergillosis. Increase in incidence of drug resistance and the cytotoxic effects are two serious limitations of the antifungal drugs presently in use. This is primarily due to lack of understanding of biological mechanisms operative in these fungi. Today, it is possible to understand the biological mechanisms of the fungus for its colonisation, survival and invasion of the host. Future developments based on such leads can result in development of precise and specific diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive measures for a wide clinical spectrum of fungal diseases.

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“…We have demonstrated by immunoblotting and N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis that alkaline and vacuolar serine proteases are major allergens in eight prevalent Penicillium and Aspergillus species [9, 10, 11, 12, 13]. They have been designated as the group 13 (alkaline serine protease) and the group 18 (vacuolar serine protease) allergens, respectively, for both fungal genera by the Allergen Nomenclature Subcommittee [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

cDNA Cloning, Biological and Immunological Characterization of the Alkaline Serine Protease Major Allergen from Penicillium chrysogenum

Chou

Lai

Tam

et al. 2002

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Background:Penicillium chrysogenum (Penicillium notatum) is a prevalent airborne Penicillium species. A 34-kD major IgE-reacting component from P. chrysogenum has been identified as an alkaline serine protease (Pen ch 13, also known as Pen n 13 before) by immunoblot and N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis. Methods: In the present study, Pen ch 13 was further characterized in terms of cDNA cloning, protein purification, enzymatic activity, histamine release and IgE cross-reactivity with alkaline serine protease allergens from two other prevalent fungal species – P. citrinum (Pen c 13) and Aspergillus flavus (Asp fl 13). Results: A 1,478-bp cDNA (Pen ch 13) that encodes a 398-amino-acid alkaline serine protease from P. chrysogenum was isolated. This fungal protease has pre- and pro-enzyme sequences. The previously determined N-terminal amino acid sequence of the P. chrysogenum 34-kD major allergen is identical to that of residues 116–125 of the cDNA. Starting from Ala116, the deduced amino acid sequence (283 residues) of the mature alkaline serine protease has a calculated molecular mass of 28.105 kD with two cysteines and two putative N-glycosylation sites. It has 83 and 49% sequence identity with the alkaline serine proteases from P. citrinum and A. fumigatus, respectively. The recombinant Pen ch 13 was recovered from inclusion bodies and isolated under denaturing condition. This recombinant protein reacted with IgE antibodies in serum from an asthmatic patient and with monoclonal antibodies (PCM8, PCM10, PCM39) that reacted with the 34-kD component from P. chrysogenum. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the purified native Pen ch 13 is identical to that determined previously for the 34-kD major allergen in crude P. chrysogenum extracts. The purified native Pen ch 13 has proteolytic activity with casein as the substrate at pH 8.0. This enzymatic activity was inhibited by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride or diethylpyrocarbonate. Pen ch 13 was also able to degrade gelatin and collagen but not elastin. Basophils from 5 asthmatic patients released histamine (12–73%) when exposed to the purified Pen ch 13. In ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) experiments, IgE for Pen ch 13 was able to compete with purified Pen ch 13, Pen c 13 or Asp fl 13 in a dose-related manner. Conclusions: These results demonstrated that the 34-kD major allergen of P. chrysogenum is an alkaline serine protease. These results also indicated that atopic patients primarily sensitized by either of these prevalent fungal species may develop allergic symptoms by exposure to other environmental fungi due to cross-reacting IgE antibodies against this protease.

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Alkaline Serine Proteinase Is a Major Allergen of Aspergillus flavus, a Prevalent Airborne Aspergillus Species in the Taipei Area

Cited by 38 publications

References 41 publications

cDNA Cloning and Immunological Characterization of a Newly Identified Enolase Allergen from <i>Penicillium citrinum</i> and <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i>

cDNA Cloning and Immunological Characterization of a Newly Identified Enolase Allergen from <i>Penicillium citrinum</i> and <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i>

Challenges in prevention, diagnosis and therapy of emerging fungal diseases. Aspergillosis: A case study

cDNA Cloning, Biological and Immunological Characterization of the Alkaline Serine Protease Major Allergen from <i>Penicillium chrysogenum</i>

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