Alkaline Surfactant Polymer (Local) Enhanced Oil Recovery: An Experimental Approach

Ojukwu, Chioma; Onyekonwu, Mike; Ogolo, Naomi Amoni; Ubani, Chikwendu Ebenezer

doi:10.2118/167529-ms

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The result of an experimental work conducted by Khayati et al [23] using natural surfactant (saponin) showed that 5 g/L saponin reduced the interfacial tension and attained an additional oil recovery of 6-8% OOIP. Several researchers [25,26,28,30,40], reported the efficiency of some biomass based (agro-waste) chemicals as natural surfactant additives in displacing residual oil and increasing oil recovery between 19 and 23% OOIP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of modified cashew nutshell liquid as natural surfactants for chemical flooding in sandstone oil reservoirs

2022

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Bio-based oilfield chemicals are gaining attention due to their availability, cost-effectiveness, and non-toxic nature. Surfactants facilitate recovery of residual oil by reducing the interfacial tension between two immiscible fluids. Cashew nutshell liquid (CNSL) extracted from Anacardium occidentale waste shells was modified using triethanolamine and evaluated as a natural alternative to traditional surfactants. Phase behavior analysis, interfacial tension, critical micelle concentration (CMC) measurements, and core flooding analysis were performed to ascertain the compatibility and recoverability of the cashew nutshell liquid derivatives on sandstone reservoirs. Interfacial tension was reduced from 10.46 to 1.66 mN/m at CMC of 1 g/L. Additional recovery factor and displacement efficiency of 12% OOIP and 32.5%, respectively, was achieved at laboratory temperature. The effect of temperature on residual oil recovery was determined by subjecting the oil displacement experiment to reservoir temperature of 80˚C, resulting in recovery factor and displacement efficiency of 9% OOIP and 25%, respectively.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of modified cashew nutshell liquid as natural surfactants for chemical flooding in sandstone oil reservoirs

2022

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“…Alkalis used in chemical flooding interact with carboxylic acids in the crude oil generate in-situ surfactants, wettability alteration and reduce surfactant losses (Ojukwu et al, 2013). The alkali-oil chemistry is described by partitioning of the naphthenic acid between the oleic and aqueous phases and subsequent hydrolysis in the presence of alkali to produce a soluble anionic surfactant A …”

Section: Role Of Alkali In Chemical Eormentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Phase Behaviour Study and Foam Stability Analysis for Optimal Alkaline/Surfactant/Foam Enhanced Oil Recovery

Nasab¹,

Zitha²

2015

Proceedings

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SUMMARYAlkaline-Surfactant-Foam (ASF) flooding is a recently introduced enhanced oil recovery (EOR) method. This paper presents laboratory study of this ASF to better understand its mechanisms. The focus is on the interaction of ASF chemical agents with oil and in the presence and absence of naphthenic component and in-situ soap generation. The impact of alkali, IFT reduction, in-situ soap generation and oil acid number were systematically studied by measurement of phase behaviour, interfacial tension and foam stability. Phase behaviour results indicate the synergistic effect between the generated soap and synthetic surfactant, which gives wider range of optimal salinity in terms of IFT reduction. The novel alkali-surfactant formulation lowered IFT between oil and aqueous phase from nearly 30 mN/m to 10-1 -10-3 mN/m. This means that chemical formulation can create low tension foam flooding with higher capillary number than conventional foam for displacing oil from porous media. In the foam stability analysis of ASF agent in the presence and absence of oil, several characteristics such as foam volume evolution, foam half decay time, liquid fraction of foam were measured over a wide range of surfactant, alkali, electrolyte and naphthenic acid concentration. Bulk foam stability tests demonstrated that stability of foam diminishes in presence of oil with high in-situ soap generation. The obtained results for foam stability in the presence of oil were successfully interpreted in terms of phenomenological theory of entering/spreading/bridging coefficient, lamella number and pseudo-emulsion film. The discussed method in this paper can be successfully applied to formulate high performance chemical agents for achievement of improved foam flooding according to reservoir fluid condition, i.e. properties of crude oil and formation water.

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“…Interestingly, recent studies − reported the efficiency of certain natural products obtained from plant and animal sources (biobased surfactants) as preferred alternatives to conventional synthetic surfactants. Saponin-rich plant sources have been widely used due to their foaming ability. , Saponins are among the most abundant plant-based products and belong to the group of nonionic surfactants, which are mostly used as cosurfactants due to their high resistance to salinity and their capacity to improve surfactant–brine–oil phase behavior .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orange Mesocarp Extract as a Natural Surfactant: Impact on Fluid–Fluid and Fluid–Rock Interactions during Chemical Flooding

Obuebite,

Okwonna,

Eke

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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Surfactant flooding has suffered a huge setback owing to its cost and the ecotoxic nature of synthetic surfactants. The potential of natural surfactants for enhanced oil recovery has attracted a great deal of research interest in recent times. In this research, orange mesocarp extract (OME) was studied as a potential green surface-active agent in recovering heavy oil. The extract obtained from the orange (Citrus sinensis) mesocarp using alkaline water as solvent was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry . Phase behavior was studied to ascertain its stability at 100 °C and compatibility with divalent ions. Microemulsion system, interfacial tension, optimal salinity, and critical micelle concentration were analyzed to evaluate the surfactant. Oil displacement analysis using an oil−wet sandstone medium under reservoir conditions was performed. Surfactant adsorption mechanism on the core was investigated at atmospheric conditions (28 °C) using the Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and linear isotherm models, while the kinetics pattern was modeled with the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, intraparticle diffusion, and Elovich models. Results showed fluid compatibility and bicontinuous microemulsion at varied temperatures. Surfactant flooding produced an additional oil recovery of 44 and 29.1%, which confirms the capability of this natural surfactant in recovering heavy oil. Langmuir isotherm gave the highest correlation coefficient (R 2 ) value of 0.982, indicating that the adsorption of the surfactant (OME) on the core occurred at specific homogeneous sites, which when occupied by a higher surfactant concentration will disallow further adsorption on these sites. From the R 2 values, almost all of the kinetic models corroborated good adsorption capacity of the core and an affinity for the surfactant at low concentration. This indicates that low concentration of the surfactant may not favor the enhanced oil recovery operation due to adsorption in the reservoirs, hence the need to flood at a higher surfactant concentration.

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Alkaline Surfactant Polymer (Local) Enhanced Oil Recovery: An Experimental Approach

Cited by 10 publications

References 4 publications

Evaluation of modified cashew nutshell liquid as natural surfactants for chemical flooding in sandstone oil reservoirs

Evaluation of modified cashew nutshell liquid as natural surfactants for chemical flooding in sandstone oil reservoirs

Systematic Phase Behaviour Study and Foam Stability Analysis for Optimal Alkaline/Surfactant/Foam Enhanced Oil Recovery

Orange Mesocarp Extract as a Natural Surfactant: Impact on Fluid–Fluid and Fluid–Rock Interactions during Chemical Flooding

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