Alkaloids Isolated from Natural Herbs as the Anticancer Agents

Lu, Jin‐Jian; Bao, Jiaolin; Chen, Xiu Ping; Huang, Min; Wang, Yi Tao

doi:10.1155/2012/485042

Cited by 296 publications

(179 citation statements)

References 157 publications

(190 reference statements)

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“…Stigmasterol and β-sitosterol extracted from S. crispa have been demonstrated to possess anti-cancer effects on liver, breast, and colon carcinoma (22). Other anti-cancer compounds that may be extracted include alkaloids and tannins (20), which have been documented to exhibit anti-cancer properties (37)(38)(39)(40). In order to identify the compounds responsible for the anti-cancer effects, further studies on the isolation and purification of the bioactive compounds from S. crispa are required.…”

Section: Percentage Of Cells ----------------------------------------mentioning

confidence: 99%

Anticancer mechanisms of Strobilanthes crispa Blume hexane extract on liver and breast cancer cell lines

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Cancer is a major public health concern not only in developed countries, but also in developing countries. It is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. However, current treatments may cause severe side effects and harm. Therefore, recent research has been focused on identifying alternative therapeutic agents extracted from plant-based sources in order to develop novel treatment options for cancer. Strobilanthes crispa Blume is a plant native to countries including Madagascar and Indonesia. It has been used as an anti-diabetic, diuretic and laxative in traditional folk medicine. Furthermore, S. crispa has potential in treating cancer, as evidenced in previous studies. In the present study, the cytotoxic and apoptotic activities of S. crispa crude extracts were investigated in liver and breast cancer cell lines. Hexane, ethyl acetate, chloroform, methanol and water extracts prepared from the leaves, and stems of S. crispa were evaluated for their cytotoxicity on HepG-2 and MDA-MB-231 cells using an MTT assay. The anti-proliferative properties of stem hexane (SH) extract on both cell lines were analysed using cell doubling time determination and cell cycle analysis, while the apoptogenic properties was determined through the detection of caspase-8. Among the extracts tested, SH extract exhibited the lowest half maximal inhibitory concentrations in both the cell lines. The SH extract induced morphological changes in HepG-2 and MDA-MB-231 cells, and significantly delayed cell population doubling time. Furthermore, it altered cell cycle profile and significantly increased caspase-8 activity in HepG-2 cells, but not in MDA-MB-231 cells. In conclusion, the SH extract of S. crispa possesses potent anticancer properties and may be a suitable chemotherapeutic target. IntroductionCancer is characterized by uncontrolled growth and spreading of abnormal cells. It is one of the most life-threatening and challenging diseases of modern time, caused by a number of internal factors, including immune condition and inherited mutation, and external factors, including radiation, tobacco and chemical exposure (1). Liver, breast, colorectal, lung, cervical and nasopharyngeal cancer are the most prevalent cancer types in the modern age. The present study focused on liver and breast cancer due to their high occurrence rates. In 2006, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was identified to account for 70-85% of total primary liver cancer types (2). HCC is primarily caused by chronic viral hepatitis B or C infection, iron overload, aflotoxin exposure, obesity, alcohol-associated cirrhosis and possibly non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (3,4). Breast cancer continues to be the leading cause of cancer-associated mortality among women (5), and the occurrence rate has increased in China and other Asian countries (6,7). Breast cancer can be categorized into two main types, ductal carcinoma and lobular carcinoma. Ductal carcinoma begins in the ducts that transport milk from the breast to the nipple, whereas lobular carcinoma starts i...

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Section: Percentage Of Cells ----------------------------------------mentioning

confidence: 99%

Anticancer mechanisms of Strobilanthes crispa Blume hexane extract on liver and breast cancer cell lines

et al. 2017

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“…Natural alkaloids of Chelidonium majus, have been reported to induce various cell death mechanisms especially through apoptosis induction [15]. The most important benzylisoquinolines in this plant include chelidonine, sangunarine, chelerythrine, and berberine with slightly different structures and various extents of anti-proliferative effects in cancer cell lines [51][52][53][54]. However, more investigation is required to elucidate the detailed mechanisms and structure-function relationship relevant to their antiproliferative effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selectivity of major isoquinoline alkaloids from Chelidonium majus towards telomeric G-quadruplex: A study using a transition-FRET (t-FRET) assay

Noureini

Esmaeili

Abachi

et al. 2017

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects

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BackgroundNatural bioproducts are invaluable resources in drug discovery. Isoquinoline alkaloids of Chelidonium majus constitute a structurally diverse family of natural products that are of great interest, one of them being their selectivity for human telomeric G-quadruplex structure and telomerase inhibition. MethodsThe study focuses on the mechanism of telomerase inhibition by stabilization of telomeric Gquadruplex structures by berberine, chelerythrine, chelidonine, sanguinarine and papaverine. Telomerase activity and mRNA levels of hTERT were estimated using quantitative telomere repeat amplification protocol and qPCR, in MCF-7 cells treated with different groups of alkaloids. The selectivity of the main isoquinoline alkaloids of Chelidonium majus towards telomeric Gquadruplex forming sequences were explored using a sensitive modified thermal FRET-melting measurement in the presence of the complementary oligonucleotide CT22. We assessed and monitored G-quadruplex topologies using circular dichroism (CD) methods, and compared spectra to previously well-characterized motifs, either alone or in the presence of the alkaloids, Molecular modeling was performed to rationalize ligand binding to the G-quadruplex structure. ResultsThe results highlight strong inhibitory effects of chelerythrine, sanguinarine and berberine on telomerase activity, most likely through substrate sequestration. These isoquinoline alkaloids interacted strongly with telomeric sequence G-quadruplex. In comparison, chelidonine and papaverine had no significant interaction with the telomeric quadruplex, while they strongly inhibited telomerase at transcription level of hTERT. Altogether, all of the studied alkaloids showed various levels and mechanisms of telomerase inhibition. ConclusionsWe report on a comparative study of anti-telomerase activity of the isoquinoline alkaloids of Chelidonium majus. Chelerythrine was most effective in inhibiting telomerase activity by substrate sequesteration through G-quadruplex stabilization. General SignificanceUnderstanding structural and molecular mechanisms of anti-cancer agents can help in developing new and more potent drugs with fewer side effects. Isoquinolines are the most biologically active agents from Chelidonium majus, which have shown to be telomeric G-quadruplex stabilizers and potent telomerase inhibitors.

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“…Alkaloids, isolated from herbs, may possess anti-cancer activities, including induction of cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, autophagy, and inhibition of angiogenesis and metastasis (29). A recent study reported that a number of alkaloids isolated from N. nucifera Gaertn.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anticancer activities of alkaloids extracted from the Ba lotus seed in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-1 cells

Zhao

Xia

Peng³

et al. 2016

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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Abstract.To investigate the anticancer activities of alkaloids from the Ba lotus seed (BLSA) in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) CNE-1 cells, an MTT assay, flow cytometry, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were performed. BLSA was found to significantly reduce CNE-1 cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner at all concentrations compared with the control (P<0.05). In addition, flow cytometry analysis identified that BLSA treatment significantly increased the sub-G1 content in CNE-1 cells (P<0.05). Following BLSA treatment, the mRNA and protein levels of a number of apoptosis-related factors, such as caspase family members (caspase-3, -8 and -9), B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2-associated X protein, Fas and Fas ligand were significantly increased compared with the control (P<0.05). This was accompanied by a significant decrease in anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and Bcl-extra large protein expression compared with the control (P<0.05). Furthermore, BLSA treatment was determined to modulate CNE-1 cell expression of nuclear factor (NF)-κB and NF-κB inhibitor α. The results of the present study indicate that BLSA has anticancer activity through inducing cellular apoptosis. In addition, these results suggest that BLSA can be used as a therapeutic agent in NPC.

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Alkaloids Isolated from Natural Herbs as the Anticancer Agents

Cited by 296 publications

References 157 publications

Anticancer mechanisms of Strobilanthes crispa Blume hexane extract on liver and breast cancer cell lines

Anticancer mechanisms of Strobilanthes crispa Blume hexane extract on liver and breast cancer cell lines

Selectivity of major isoquinoline alkaloids from Chelidonium majus towards telomeric G-quadruplex: A study using a transition-FRET (t-FRET) assay

Anticancer activities of alkaloids extracted from the Ba lotus seed in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-1 cells

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