Alkyl-methylimidazolium ionic liquids affect the growth and fermentative metabolism of Clostridium sp.

Effects of glycerol on enzymatic hydrolysis and ethanol production using sugarcane bagasse pretreated by acidified glycerol solution

“…In fact, glycerol has been assessed as an alternative carbon source for microbial production of fuels and chemicals (da Silva et al, 2009;Yang et al, 2012). In contrast, studies have shown that the presence of very low concentrations of ILs (e.g., 0.25À1.0%) inhibit the growth of microorganisms (Nancharaiah and Francis, 2011;Ouellet et al, 2011). Ouellet et al (2011) found that the presence of only 1% [C 2 min][OAc] resulted in an $94% reduction in ethanol production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae growing on media containing IL-treated corn stover and a reduction in ethanol production of $58% by S. cerevisiae growing on glucose medium.…”

“…Studies on solvent-based pretreatments have shown that residual solvents such as n-methylmorpholine n-oxide (NMMO) and ionic liquids (ILs) have significant inhibitory effects on enzymatic hydrolysis and/or the subsequent microbial fermentation although cellulase enzymes and/or microorganisms may still be active under certain solvent concentrations (Ganske and Bornscheuer, 2006;Nancharaiah and Francis, 2011;Ouellet et al, 2011;Park et al, 2012;Ramakrishnan et al, 2010;Shi et al, 2013;Song et al, 2011;Su et al, 2012). However, while glycerol-based pretreatments have been investigated by a number of researchers, the effects of residual glycerol on enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose and microbial fermentation have not been investigated.…”

An auto-inducible mechanism for ionic liquid resistance in microbial biofuel production

“…To solubilize lignocellulosic biomass, certain hydrophilic ILs are highly effective and environmentally friendly pretreatment agents that generate relatively low amounts of biomass-derived inhibitors compared with other conventional pretreatment methods [6][7][8][9] . A major disadvantage of the commonly used imidazolium ILs is their intrinsic microbial toxicity, which impairs growth of typical biofuel-producing hosts such as Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, hence preventing efficient biofuel production [10][11][12] . In addition, the inhibition of biofuel synthetic enzymes by these ILs can severely reduce the yield of the final product 11 .…”

Studies to optimize the process of biofuel production from castor stalk

“…fermentation at >2.5 g/L concentration, which is expected to be present as a residue after IL pretreatment [51]. Therefore, in this study, 2 g/L of [EMIM][Ac] …”