Alkylation, isomerization and cracking activity of a novel solid acid, AlCl2(SG)n

Drago, Russell S.; Petrosius, Steven C.; Kaufman, Phillip B.

doi:10.1016/0304-5102(93)e0319-c

Cited by 26 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…in cracking reactions) but their activity in liquid phase reactions has generally been poor. 34 Catalysts of this type should be differentiated from those which undergo a final high temperature calcination stage after treatment with a soluble aluminium salt. Thus various mesopor-ous materials such as MCM-41, MCM-48, SBA-1 and KIT-1 have been treated with reagents including ethanolic solutions of AlCl 3 and Al(NO 3 ) 3 and slurries of Al(OPr i ) 3 in non-polar solvent (e.g.…”

Section: Solid Acid Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalysis of liquid phase organic reactions using chemically modified mesoporous inorganic solids

Clark¹,

Macquarrie²

1998

Chem. Commun.

374

218

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Section: Solid Acid Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalysis of liquid phase organic reactions using chemically modified mesoporous inorganic solids

Clark¹,

Macquarrie²

1998

Chem. Commun.

374

218

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“…The batch reactor model equation for the above reac tion can be written as (19) Upon integration followed by simplification of Eq. (17) leads to: (20) where and are the initial concentrations of benzene and 1 dodecene, respectively.…”

Section: Kinetic Rate Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(19) and (20) we get: (23) In the similar fashion we can write as (24) After simplification of Eq. (18) by using Eqs.…”

Section: Kinetic Rate Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several research groups have synthesized solid super acid catalyst by reacting AlCl 3 vapor with silica or alu mina and these solid superacids show Hammett acid ity function (Ho) up to -13.75. The AlCl 3 was also grafted on silica gel and MCM 41 by wet impregna tion technique (i. e. refluxing with solvents such as carbon tetrachloride, benzene and toluene) [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficient homogeneous and supported ionic liquid catalysts for production of linear alkylbenzenes

Kumar

Khanna

2015

Catal. Ind.

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AlCl 3 based homogeneous ionic liquids, such as 1 butyl 3 methyl imidazolium chloroaluminate ([BMIm] + Al 2 ), 1 butyl 3 methyl pyridinum chloroaluminate ([BMPy] + Al 2 ), and triethylamine hydrochloride chloroaluminate (Et 3 NHCl AlCl 3 ), were prepared to study the benzene alkylation with 1 dodecene. All homogeneous ionic liquid catalysts have shown higher selectivity (~40%) for desired 2 LAB (2 linear alkylbenzene) than the conventional AlCl 3 catalyst (~32%). Apart from the homogeneous catalysts, one supported ionic liquid catalyst (SG-N + (C 2 H 5 ) 3 -Al 2 ) was also synthesized. The supported ionic liq uid catalyst showed further increased selectivity of the 2 LAB (~45%). Moreover, the reusability of SG-N + (C 2 H 5 ) 3 -Al 2 catalyst was much higher than the homogeneous ionic liquid catalysts. The supported ionic liquid catalyst was characterized by various techniques such as FT IR, MAS NMR and Scanning Elec tron Microscopy (SEM). Hammett acidity function (Ho) was used to determine the acidity of supported ionic liquid catalysts. The pyridine adsorbed FT IR spectra of (SG-N + (C 2 H 5 ) 3 -Al 2 ) catalyst showed presence of common Brönsted (Brønsted)-Lewis acidic sites. The 27 Al MAS NMR of (SG N + (C 2 H 5 ) 3 Al 2 ) cata lyst showed a band at ~6.987 ppm, which is attributed to 6 coordinated Al species. A nonlinear optimization algorithm was developed in MATLAB 7.4.0 to determine the kinetic parameters of the benzene alkylation with 1 dodecene in presence of (SG-N + (C 2 H 5 ) 3 -Al 2 ) catalyst. The concentrations of the products pre dicted by model were found in good agreement with experiments (relative error ~1.5%).

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“…Characterization of solid acid catalysts requires a range of different analytical techniques including Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectroscopy with pyridine as a probe molecule [21,25,26,32,37], NH 3 -Temperature Programmed Desorption (TPD) [32,38], solid state Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (MAS NMR) spectroscopy ( 27 Al [26,37,39], 1 H [25], 29 Si [39]), titration with various Hammett indicators (m-nitrotoluene, p-nitrotoluene etc.) [29], isomerization of n-butane to isobutane as test reaction [40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing the Surface Acidity of Supported Aluminum Bromide Catalysts

et al. 2020

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Solid acid catalysis is an important class of reactions. The principal advantages of solid acid catalysts as compared to their corresponding fluid acids include minimal waste and ease of product separation. One type of these catalysts is based on aluminum bromide (Al2Br6), which is a stronger Lewis acid than Al2Cl6. In this report, Al2Br6 is grafted on commercial mesoporous silica (CMS), SBA-15 and silica gel to create a solid catalyst similar to the silica-supported Al2Cl6 superacid. These supported Al2Br6 catalysts were characterized by NH3-Temperature Programmed Desorption (TPD), pyridine Diffuse Reflectance for Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (DRIFTS) and Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (MAS NMR). Formation of acid sites was confirmed and quantified with NH3-TPD. Both Lewis and Brønsted sites were observed with DRIFTS using pyridine as a probe molecule. In addition, thermal stability of acid sites was also studied using DRIFTS. 27Al MAS NMR analysis showed tetrahedral, pentahedral and octahedral co-ordination of Al, confirming that Al2Br6 reacted with –OH groups on silica surface. Performance of these catalysts was evaluated using acid-catalyzed 1-butene isomerization. Conversion above 80% was observed at 200 °C, corresponding to thermodynamic equilibrium.

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Alkylation, isomerization and cracking activity of a novel solid acid, AlCl2(SG)n

Cited by 26 publications

References 22 publications

Catalysis of liquid phase organic reactions using chemically modified mesoporous inorganic solids

Catalysis of liquid phase organic reactions using chemically modified mesoporous inorganic solids

Efficient homogeneous and supported ionic liquid catalysts for production of linear alkylbenzenes

Probing the Surface Acidity of Supported Aluminum Bromide Catalysts

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