All‐Solid‐State Cable‐Type Flexible Zinc–Air Battery

Park, Joohyuk; Park, Minjoon; Nam, Gyutae; Lee, Jang-Soo; Cho, Jaephil

doi:10.1002/adma.201404639

Cited by 393 publications

(313 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…[40][41][42][43][44][45] Several typical applications of L on flexible LIBs and SCs are shown in Figure 3. In a cable-type flexible zinc-air battery, [40] no obvious differences are observed in the discharge voltage during bending from the initial L of 7 cm to 3 cm and recovering back to 7 cm (Figure 3a), indicating a good mechanical performance under external strain. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) curve deviation of a graphene-based SC [41] was compared with L changed from 2.2 cm to 1 cm under bending.…”

Section: End-to-end Distance (L)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cylinder With a Given Diametermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bending radius in the collapsing radius geometry are often overestimated, and the reliable radii obtained by the mandrel method www.advancedsciencenews.com with a given radius is around 20% smaller than half distance between two plates as obtained by numeral measurements based on optical fibers. [40] Although the measuring data of bending radii are less reliable compared with the mandrel method, the collapsing radius method opens the automated mode for continuous bending measurement, and failure modes can be easily obtained through the obvious variation of electrical properties. Yun et al proposed a modified method similar to the nominal collapsing radius method to ensure that the entire portion of their polypyrrole/MnO 2 supercapacitors can be tested by lateral movement of the lower plate.…”

Section: Collapsing Radius Geometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, some new ideas on architectural design have been imported to flexible electronics, and obvious progress has been made in the flexibility of deformable LIBs and SCs with novel circuit configurations, such as wire/cable patterns, [40,42] origami design, [18,78,131] and bridge island design, [132][133][134] through the use of complicated mechanical design strategies.…”

Section: Architectural Design Of Flexible Energy Storage Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical Analyses and Structural Design Requirements for Flexible Energy Storage Devices

Mao

Meng

Ahmad

et al. 2017

Advanced Energy Materials

200

146

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degree of the entire electronic systems. In the integrated flexible electronic system, energy storage devices [14,[16][17][18][19][20] play important roles in connecting the preceding energy harvesting devices and the following energy utilization devices (Figure 1). Rechargeable secondary batteries and supercapacitors (SCs) are two typical energy storage devices. [21] Several excellent review papers [21][22][23][24][25][26] reported significant progresses achieved in flexible lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and SCs by taking advantage of novel electrode materials, current collectors, and solid-state electrolytes. The application areas and lifetime of flexible power sources strongly depend on their mechanical deformation tolerance and the electrical property retention under deformation. Qualified flexible power sources should be able to endure high strain induced by external mechanical deformation, such as bending, compressing, stretching, folding, and twisting, while maintaining their electrochemical performance stability and structural integrity. Therefore, the mechanical reliability assessment and electrical property analysis of flexible devices need to be given much attention for future application.Tolerance in bending into a certain curvature is the major mechanical deformation characteristic of flexible energy storage devices. Thus far, several bending characterization parameters and various mechanical methods have been proposed to evaluate the quality and failure modes of the said devices by investigating their bending deformation status and received strain. Some of these mechanical metrologies were derived from the early research on flexible semiconductor devices of micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) [27,28] and TFTs. [29] However, comparing those numerous measurement data with one another is difficult because of the various theories and methods adopted by different research groups and the lack of unified assessment criteria. [26] The flexibility of flexible devices is generally realized not only by use of intuitive soft electrode materials but also by optimizing their mechanical structural design. [25] Detailed analysis on bending mechanics combining experimental and theoretical results provide not only reliable test methods to describe the bending state but also guidance for configuration design of devices against mechanical failure.The current review emphasizes on three main points: (1) key parameters that characterize the bending level of flexible energy storage devices, such as bending radius, bending Flexible energy storage devices with excellent mechanical deformation performance are highly required to improve the integration degree of flexible electronics. Unlike those of traditional power sources, the mechanical reliability of flexible energy storage devices, including electrical performance retention and deformation endurance, has received much attention. To provide the guideline for the construction design of devices, the strain distribution and failure modes in the entire architecture should b...

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Section: End-to-end Distance (L)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cylinder With a Given Diametermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Collapsing Radius Geometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Architectural Design Of Flexible Energy Storage Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Mechanical Analyses and Structural Design Requirements for Flexible Energy Storage Devices

Mao

Meng

Ahmad

et al. 2017

Advanced Energy Materials

200

146

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“…Moreover, they have high energy densities (1,084 Wh·kg −1 ). In addition, they use an aqueous solvent and zinc (Zn) 3 which is relatively stable in an aqueous and alkaline media without significant corrosion.…”

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confidence: 99%

Development of a High Energy Density Flexible Zinc-Air Battery

Suren

Kheawhom

2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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This work involved the development of a high energy density flexible zinc-air battery by means of an inexpensive screen-printing technique. A very thin and highly porous cathode gas diffusion layer (GDL) fabricated by screen-printing of carbon black ink promoted oxygen permeability, resulting in a better and more efficient three-phase reaction zone. Moreover, a cathode current collector (printed using nano-silver ink) also functioned as a catalyst layer. The incorporation of this layer enabled the printed battery to be capable of high rates of discharge by promoting oxygen reduction reaction which has a decisive impact on its performance. The thickness of the GDL can be manipulated by adjusting the composition of the carbon black ink. The fabricated battery with 30 μm GDL provided an open-circuit voltage of 1.45 V and 15 -185 mA·cm −2 ohmic loss zone and demonstrated high energy density of 682 Wh·kg −1 . Furthermore, the battery was tested for its flexibility by bending it and discharging it at 2.0 mA·cm −2 . The results showed that upon bending, the battery showed no difference in characteristics of voltage or discharging time. A battery is used as an energy source for many portable devices. However, an important drawback of batteries used today is that they have low energy density whereas high energy density batteries are relatively expensive. In addition, safety and environmental impacts throughout their life cycle are also important issues. Many researchers, therefore, focus on the fabrication of a high energy density battery having lower costs and being more environmental friendly. Zinc-air batteries hold the greatest promise for future energy applications.2 These batteries use relatively inexpensive and environmentally friendly raw materials. Moreover, they have high energy densities (1,084 Wh·kg −1 ). In addition, they use an aqueous solvent and zinc (Zn) 3 which is relatively stable in an aqueous and alkaline media without significant corrosion.Zn-air battery cells basically consist of current collectors for both anode and cathode, an anode electrode containing zinc metal, a cathode electrode consisting of a gas diffusion layer (GDL) and a catalyst layer, and a separator soaked with electrolyte. All these components must be developed to ensure high performance of battery and ease of fabrication.Printing is a promising technique to fabricate electronic devices [4][5][6][7] and batteries due to its simplicity and environmental friendliness. 10 fabricated a Zn-air battery based on paper and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) substrates by screen-printing a zinc/carbon/polymer composite anode, polymerising a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) cathode and inkjet-printing a lithium chloride electrolyte. The battery on PEN substrate provided a discharge capacity of 1.4 mAh·cm −2 . However, the battery on paper substrate showed an open-circuit voltage of 1.2 V and a discharge capacity of 0.5 mAh·cm −2 . The performance of the thin-film Zn-air battery was further improved using sodium silicate as a binder for...

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