Allergic contact dermatitis: From pathophysiology to development of new preventive strategies

Patch testing in patients with alopecia areata: a case-series study

“…ACD is a disease with genetic predisposition that is phenotypically expressed after the patient's exposure to certain environmental factors. INF-γ, among other cytokines, is secreted not only during the sensitization but also during the elicitation phase of ACD [4]. Furthermore, Attia et al reported that in patients with alopecia universalis tIgE serum levels were higher than in patients with other types of AA [5].…”

Itch in Allergic Contact Dermatitis

“…Contact dermatitis is a growing environmental and occupational health problem. It results in high costs for health care systems and the economy due to loss of productivity ( 1 ). Moreover it has a huge impact on the quality of life of the individual patient.…”

“…ACD is a delayed type IV hypersensitivity reaction to a hapten or non-protein contact antigen. Its pathophysiology is characterized by 2 phases, which involve both innate and adaptive immune responses ( 1 ). First is the sensitization phase, also called the afferent or induction phase, referring to the first contact with the allergen, including the penetration of the stratum corneum and the development of effector T cells.…”

“…Contact dermatitis is a common reason of consultation: skin problems provoked by contact with chemicals is a growing environmental and occupational health problem ( 1 ).…”

Kontaktinė alergija sunkiesiems metalams: rizikos veiksniai ir patogeneziniai mechanizmai

“…Alerginio kontaktinio dermatito mechanizmas aktyviai tyrinėjamas jau kelis dešimtmečius, tačiau pagrindiniai alerginio kontaktinio dermatito imunologiniai mechanizmai vis dar neaiškūs [22,23]. Daugeliu atvejų iritacinis ir alerginis kontaktinis dermatitai yra kliniškai ir histologiškai panašūs, taip pat nebuvo nustatyta biožymenų, leidžiančių juos atskirti serologiškai [23]. Žinoma, kad po to, kai antigenas prasiskverbia į raginį odos sluoksnį, jis citotoksiškai veikia keratinocitus ir skatina juos išskirti signalines molekulescitokinus ir chemokinus.…”