Allergic Diseases: A Comprehensive Review on Risk Factors, Immunological Mechanisms, Link with COVID-19, Potential Treatments, and Role of Allergen Bioinformatics

Aldakheel, Fahad M.

doi:10.3390/ijerph182212105

Cited by 37 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 238 publications

(227 reference statements)

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“…As predicted by the hypothesis of this study, here we have demonstrated that BNT162b2 may elicit bronchospasm in hyperreactive airways, and that this detrimental effect results after a single administration, thus with no involvement of allergic sensitization mechanisms due to repeated exposures [ 67 ]. Certainly, we have ruled out that the increased AHR could be related to the active component tozinameran; conversely, we have proven that it is associated with some excipient, perhaps ALC-0159.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

The BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine Increases the Contractile Sensitivity to Histamine and Parasympathetic Activation in a Human Ex Vivo Model of Severe Eosinophilic Asthma

et al. 2023

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The BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine is composed of lipid-nanoparticles (LNP) containing the mRNA that encodes for SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein. Bronchospasm has been reported as an early reaction after COVID-19 mRNA vaccines in asthmatic patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the acute impact of BNT162b2 in a human ex vivo model of severe eosinophilic asthma. Passively sensitized human isolated bronchi were challenged with the platelet-activating factor to reproduce ex vivo the hyperresponsiveness of airways of patients suffering from severe eosinophilic asthma. BNT162b2 was tested on the contractile sensitivity to histamine and parasympathetic activation via electrical field stimulation (EFS); some experiments were performed after mRNA denaturation. BNT162b2 increased the resting tone (+11.82 ± 2.27%) and response to histamine in partially contracted tissue (+42.97 ± 9.64%) vs. the control (p < 0.001); it also shifted the concentration-response curve to histamine leftward (0.76 ± 0.09 logarithm) and enhanced the response to EFS (+28.46 ± 4.40%) vs. the control. Denaturation did not significantly modify (p > 0.05) the effect of BNT162b2. BNT162b2 increases the contractile sensitivity to histamine and parasympathetic activation in hyperresponsive airways, a detrimental effect not related to the active component but to some excipient. A possible candidate for the bronchospasm elicited by BNT162b2 could be the polyethylene glycol/macrogol used to produce LNP.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

The BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine Increases the Contractile Sensitivity to Histamine and Parasympathetic Activation in a Human Ex Vivo Model of Severe Eosinophilic Asthma

et al. 2023

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“…First, this decrease could be attributed to the relationship between infectious and allergic diseases. Infectious agents have been identified as the causative factors of allergic diseases [ 8 ]. Respiratory infections caused by viruses, such as rhinoviruses and respiratory syncytial virus, have been recognized as the dominant causes of symptom exacerbation in patients with asthma [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the Mean and Variance of the Numbers of Medical Visits for Allergic Diseases before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Korea

Choi

Kim

et al. 2022

JCM

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The implementation of precautionary measures, such as wearing a mask and social distancing, may have affected allergic diseases during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study aimed to compare the numbers of medical visits for allergic diseases before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were obtained from the Korean National Health Insurance claims database. Monthly numbers of patients for four allergic diseases, i.e., allergic rhinitis (AR), asthma, atopic dermatitis (AD), and allergic conjunctivitis (AC), were evaluated using ICD-10 codes and compared between the ‘before COVID-19’ period from January 2018 to February 2020, and the ‘during COVID-19’ period from March 2020 to June 2021, since the first COVID-19 patient was detected on 20 January 2020, in Korea. Subgroup analyses were performed according to age and sex. The mean numbers of medical visits for AR and asthma were significantly greater before COVID-19 than those during COVID-19 (both p < 0.001). The variance in the number of medical visits for asthma decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the mean number of medical visits for AD increased slightly during COVID-19 and that for AC did not change before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. In subgroup analyses, the results showed a similar pattern to that of the total number of participants, regardless of age and sex. In conclusion, medical visits for AR and asthma significantly decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, regardless of age and sex.

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“…Thus, allergy and asthma development are distinct though they are both inflammatory diseases and share some common risk factors. Some of the common risk factors between allergic sensitization and asthma development include race, sex, heredity, pollution, passive smoking, obesity, and respiratory viral infection (94,95). Dzidic et al found associations between oral bacteria composition and allergy and asthma development during a 7-year longitudinal study in which DNA from salivary samples was isolated from children at 3, 6, 12, 24 months, and 7 years of age who were developing allergic symptoms and sensitizations (n = 47) and from children with no clear allergic symptoms (healthy) up to 7 years of age (n = 33) (Figure 3) (32).…”

Section: Oral Microbiota Composition May Influence Allergies and Resp...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory role of oral microbiota in inflammatory diseases and allergic conditions

et al. 2023

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In recent years, the interplay between oral microbiota and systemic disease has gained attention as poor oral health is associated with several pathologies. The oral microbiota plays a role in the maintenance of overall health, and its dysbiosis influences chronic inflammation and the pathogenesis of gum diseases. Periodontitis has also been associated with other diseases and health complications such as cancer, neurogenerative and autoimmune disorders, chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular diseases, rheumatic arthritis, respiratory health, and adverse pregnancy outcomes. The host microbiota can influence immune cell development and immune responses, and recent evidence suggests that changes in oral microbiota composition may also contribute to sensitization and the development of allergic reactions, including asthma and peanut allergies. Conversely, there is also evidence that allergic reactions within the gut may contribute to alterations in oral microbiota composition. Here we review the current evidence of the role of the oral microbiota in inflammatory diseases and health complications, as well as its future relevance in improving health and ameliorating allergic disease.

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Allergic Diseases: A Comprehensive Review on Risk Factors, Immunological Mechanisms, Link with COVID-19, Potential Treatments, and Role of Allergen Bioinformatics

Cited by 37 publications

References 238 publications

The BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine Increases the Contractile Sensitivity to Histamine and Parasympathetic Activation in a Human Ex Vivo Model of Severe Eosinophilic Asthma

The BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine Increases the Contractile Sensitivity to Histamine and Parasympathetic Activation in a Human Ex Vivo Model of Severe Eosinophilic Asthma

Changes in the Mean and Variance of the Numbers of Medical Visits for Allergic Diseases before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Korea

Immunomodulatory role of oral microbiota in inflammatory diseases and allergic conditions

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