Alliin, a Garlic (Allium sativum) Compound, Prevents LPS-Induced Inflammation in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes

Abstract

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) has been used to alleviate a variety of health problems due to its high content of organosulfur compounds and antioxidant activity. The main active component is alliin (S-allyl cysteine sulfoxide), a potent antioxidant with cardioprotective and neuroprotective actions. In addition, it helps to decrease serum levels of glucose, insulin, triglycerides, and uric acid, as well as insulin resistance, and reduces cytokine levels. However its potential anti-inflammatory effect is unknown. We examined the effects of alliin in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) stimulated 3T3-L1 adipocytes by RT-PCR, Western blot, and microarrays analysis of 22,000 genes. Incubation of cells for 24 h with 100 μmol/L alliin prevented the increase in the expression of proinflammatory genes, IL-6, MCP-1, and Egr-1 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes exposed to 100 ng/mL LPS for 1 h. Interestingly, the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, which is involved in LPS-induced inflammation in adipocytes, was decreased following alliin treatment. Furthermore, the gene expression profile by microarrays evidentiate an upregulation of genes involved in immune response and downregulation of genes related with cancer. The present results have shown that alliin is able to suppress the LPS inflammatory signals by generating an anti-inflammatory gene expression profile and by modifying adipocyte metabolic profile.

High hydrostatic pressure treatment for manufacturing of garlic powder with improved microbial safety and antioxidant activity

“…In agreement with the previous studies, the novel process of GP manufacturing using HHP treatment reduced the compounds responsible for pungent odour and conserved alliin which has antioxidant (Kourounakis & Rekka, ), anti‐inflammatory (Quintero‐Fabián et al ., ) and immune‐enhancing nutritional functions (Salman et al ., ).…”

“…The radical scavenging activity of the GP extract against the ABTS radical was assayed following the method of Re et al (1999) with modifications. ABTS was dissolved in water to render an ABTS radical cation (ABTS˙+) concentration of 7 mM, produced by reacting an ABTS stock solution with 2.45 mM potassium persulfate (final concentration) and allowing the mixture to stand in the dark at room temperature for 16 h before use.…”

The Progress of Diallyl Disulfide in Anti-Cancer

“…For example, studies have shown that tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), IL-8 and IL-10 levels are higher in patients with inflammationassociated cancer [118]. DADS has been shown to have both immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects in several types of cancer [7,119].…”

Diallyl trisulphide inhibits adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes through lipogenesis, fatty acid transport, and fatty acid oxidation pathways

“…MCP-1 is secreted in macrophages and adipocytes and this factor plays a key role in regulating inflammation (Yu, Kim, Kwon, & Kawada, 2006). Quintero-Fabián et al (2013) indicated that alliin isolated from garlic (A. sativum) prevented the inflammatory gene expressions of IL-6 and MCP-1 in LPS-treated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Resistin is the major secretion of adipose tissue in rodents and it regulates lipid metabolism (Ikeda, Tsuchiya, Hama, Kajimoto, & Kogure, 2013).…”