Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells and xenogenic platelet rich plasma, associated or not, in the repair of bone failures in rabbits with secondary osteoporosis

Abstract

Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells and xenogenic platelet rich plasma, associated or not, in the repair of bone failures in rabbits with secondary osteoporosis¹ 9-Experimental SurgeryActa Cir Bras. 2017;32(9):767-780 AbstractPurpose: To assess the efficacy of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells and xenogenic platelet rich plasma in the treatment of bone failure of osteoporotic rabbits secondary to estrogenic deprivation and iatrogenic hypercortisolism. Methods: Eight female rabbits underwent ovarian resection and corticoid therapy to induce clinical status of osteoporosis. Four failures were produced in the tibiae, with each failure being treated with hemostatic sponge, allogenic mesenchymal stem cells, xenogenic plateletrich plasma and the association between both. The animals were divided into two groups, evaluated radiographically and histopathologically at 30 and 60 days post treatment. Results: A radiographically confirmed consolidation of bone failures treated with allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells, associated with the histopathological image of mature and immature bone tissue, without evidence of osteopenia, was compared with the other groups, in which radiolucent failures with osteopenia and fibrosis were still present, denoting the satisfactory effect of the first treatment in detriment to the others. Conclusion:The treatment of bone failures of rabbits with secondary osteoporosis with allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells induced greater bone consolidation with mature and immature bone tissue production (p<0.01), when compared to the other treatments.

Platelet Features and Derivatives in Osteoporosis: A Rational and Systematic Review on the Best Evidence

“…Risk of bias of animal studies was high for almost all the examined studies. Among the 13 included in vivo studies, three for PLT functions during OP and 10 for PLT derivatives in OP, 10 of them have not declared the method of sequence generation [41,42,[49][50][51][52][53]56,57], in one study the method was unclear [55] and in the remaining two studies the method of sequence generation was clearly declared [40,58]. The majority (n = 7) of the studies showed that groups were similar concerning baseline characteristics (i.e., age, weight, sex) and two studies showed that allocation was adequately concealed [40,58].…”

“…All 10 articles on PLT derivatives in OP were about vivo or both in vivo and in vitro studies. With the exception of the study by Rocha et al [56] that used rabbits submitted to elective ovariosalpingohysterectomy as OP animal model all the other studies employed ovariectomized (OVX) mice and rats to induce OP ( Table 3). All studies used PRP as PLT products with the exception of a study which used L-PRF [58].…”

“…All studies used PRP as PLT products with the exception of a study which used L-PRF [58]. Six of these studies (60%) also employed a scaffold/biomaterial (calcium phosphate, calcium aluminate/calcium aluminate-melatonin, β-tricalcium phosphate, bovine bone graft, nanoporous TiO 2 , hemostatic sponge) to incorporate the PLTs derivatives and subsequently evaluated bone regeneration in calvaria [51,58], tibia [54,56] and in caudal and lumbar vertebrae [53,57]. Clafshenkel et al [51] evaluating a calcium aluminate and calcium aluminate-melatonin scaffolds implanted in a critical size calvaria defect of OVX rats, showed that the addition of PRP did not significantly improve degree, intensity and abundance of osteoid tissue mineralization and bone formation in either of the two scaffolds [51].…”

“…Additionally, calcium phosphate cements associated to PRP improve the bone mineral density [53] and increase the stiffness of the affected vertebral bodies [57]. Finally, Rocha et al [56] used a hydrolyzed collagen sponge made from freeze-dried sterile porcine gelatine as carrier for allogenic BMSCs and PRP, alone or in combination, to evaluate the repair of bone failure in tibiae of osteoporotic rabbits secondary to estrogenic deprivation and iatrogenic hypercortisolism [56]. Results suggested that PRP contributed positively to repair of bone failure, but less than the group treated with BMSC and similarly to the association of both [56].…”

Regeneration of the achilles tendon in rats using platelet-rich plasma and corticosteroids

“…Більшість наукових робіт, що порівнюють між собою результати застосування кортикостероїдів та збагаченої тромбоцитами плазми, мають клінічну спрямованість, саме тому актуальним є проведення експериментального біологічного дослідження, яке дало б змогу виявити та порівняти особливості структурних змін, що виникають у травмованому ахіловому сухожиллі за умов застосування обох лікувальних засобів. Слід зауважити, що через важкість отримання від дрібних лабораторних тварин адекватної для проведення досліду дози крові в експериментах поряд із аутологічною PRP використовують і ксеногенну [6,7].…”