Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells Induce Regulatory T Cells and Suppress Aneurysm Inflammation: Interim Results of the Phase 1 ARREST Trial

Abstract

visualizing the central SCV. Definitive diagnostic imaging (DDI) had been obtained by venography in 175 (82%), computed tomography angiography in 24 (11%), and magnetic resonance angiography in 15 (7%), with 142 (66%) undergoing axillary-SCV thrombolysis. The mean interval between initial U/S and DDI was 48.9 6 14.2 days, with no significant difference between groups; but patients with a positive finding on U/S were more likely to have had DDI within 48 hours than those with a false-negative U/S result (44% vs 24%; P ¼ .02). At the time of surgical treatment, the SCV was widely patent after paraclavicular decompression and external venolysis alone in 74 patients (35%). Patch angioplasty was performed for focal SCV stenosis in 76 (36%) and bypass graft reconstruction for long-segment axillary-SCV occlusion in 63 (29%). Patients with a falsenegative result of initial U/S were significantly more likely to require SCV bypass reconstruction (Fig). Conclusions: Initial duplex U/S had a false-negative result in 21% of patients with VTOS. A false-negative result of U/S has the potential to delay definitive imaging and thrombolysis; it is associated with progressive thrombus extension and a more frequent need for SCV bypass reconstruction at the time of surgical treatment.

Novel pharmacological approaches in abdominal aortic aneurysm

“…patients evidenced that MSCs infusion induces regulatory T cells (Tregs; 14 days post-infusion) and, after a 12-month follow-up, suppresses AAA inflammation (determined by 18-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake) associated with a reduced increase in aortic diameter [90]. Although the sample size was too small for statistical analysis, these promising results pave the way for larger trials exploring this novel therapeutic strategy in AAA, while data after the scheduled 5-year follow-up are eagerly awaited.…”

“…The VIVAAA trial was prematurely interrupted. ARREST trial interim results: suppression of inflammation and reduced aortic diameter growth [90].…”