Alpine Orogeny: Deformation and Structure in the Southern Iberian Margin (Betics s.l.)

Sánchez, Antonio Jabaloy; Padrón‐Navarta, José Alberto; Gómez-Pugnaire, María Teresa; Sánchez‐Vizcaíno, Vicente López; Garrido, Carlos J.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-11295-0_10

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 225 publications

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“…The detailed deformation history of the Betic‐Rif orogen (Figure 1) and its relationship with distinct metamorphic events recognized in this belt are still ambiguous as is reflected in disparate tectonic models that still differ on such fundamental aspects as the timing and polarity of subduction zones, the role of crustal extension versus compression, or the emplacement history of several peridotite massifs exposed in the belt (e.g., Bessière, Jolivet, et al., 2021; Jabaloy Sanchez et al., 2019; Michard et al., 2002; Platt et al., 2013; van Hinsbergen et al., 2020; Vergés & Fernàndez, 2012). This paper aims to improve this situation by examining the kinematic and geochronological record represented by metamorphic porphyroblasts and their internal tectonic fabrics (inclusion trails).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refined Tectonic Evolution of the Betic‐Rif Orogen Through Integrated 3‐D Microstructural Analysis and Sm‐Nd Dating of Garnet Porphyroblasts

et al. 2022

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The detailed deformation history of the Betic-Rif orogen (Figure 1) and its relationship with distinct metamorphic events recognized in this belt are still ambiguous as is reflected in disparate tectonic models that still differ on such fundamental aspects as the timing and polarity of subduction zones, the role of crustal extension versus compression, or the emplacement history of several peridotite massifs exposed in the belt (e.g.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refined Tectonic Evolution of the Betic‐Rif Orogen Through Integrated 3‐D Microstructural Analysis and Sm‐Nd Dating of Garnet Porphyroblasts

et al. 2022

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“…On the other hand, the orientations NNE-SSW and NNW-SSE correspond to a conjugate system of brittle strike-slip faults associated with a Late-Variscan deformation stage during the collapse of the Variscan orogen that occurred about 270 Ma ago. Some faults that were lately reactivated during the NW-SE compressional event (<15–10 Ma) linked to the Alpine orogeny [ 19 ]. It played an essential role in forming the main conduits that were used by the meteoric solutions, which propelled the weathering and biooxidation of the sulfide orebodies in the subsurface of Peña de Hierro [ 1 ].…”

Section: Geological Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preservation of Underground Microbial Diversity in Ancient Subsurface Deposits (>6 Ma) of the Rio Tinto Basement

et al. 2021

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The drilling of the Rio Tinto basement has provided evidence of an underground microbial community primarily sustained by the Fe and S metabolism through the biooxidation of pyrite orebodies. Although the gossan is the microbial activity product, which dates back to the Oligocene (25 Ma), no molecular evidence of such activity in the past has been reported yet. A Time of Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) molecular analysis of a subsurface sample in the Peña de Hierro basement has provided novel data of the ancient underground microbial community. It shows that the microbial remains are preserved in a mineral matrix composed of laminated Fe-oxysulfates and K- and Na-bearing sulfates alternating with secondary silica. In such a mineral substrate, the biomolecule traces are found in five different microstructure associations, (1) <15 micron-sized nodular microstructures composed of POn(2≤n≤4)−, (2) <30 micron-size micronodules containing fatty acids, acylglycerides, and alkanol chains, (3) <20 micro-sized nodules containing NOn−(2≤n≤3) ions, (4) 40-micron size nodules with NH4+ and traces of peptides, and (5) >200-micron thick layer with N-bearing adducts, and sphingolipid and/or peptide traces. It suggests the mineralization of at least five microbial preserved entities with different metabolic capabilities, including: (1) Acidiphilium/Tessaracoccus-like phosphate mineralizers, (2) microbial patches preserving phosphate-free acylglycerides bacteria, (3) nitrogen oxidizing bacteria (e.g., Acidovorax sp.), (4) traces of heterotrophic ammonifying bacteria, and (5) sphingolipid bearing bacteria (e.g., Sphingomonadales, and δ-Proteobacteria) and/or mineralized biofilms. The primary biooxidation process acted as a preservation mechanism to release the inorganic ions that ultimately mineralized the microbial structures.

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“…The central part of the Betic Cordillera is subdivided from north to south into the External and Internal Zones (e.g., [45]). The Internal Zone is composed of three tectonic complexes referred to as Maláguide, Alpujárride, and Nevado-Filábride, comprising Paleozoic and Mesozoic rocks, variably affected by ductile deformation and metamorphism (e.g., [46,47]). The lower complex is the Nevado-Filábride one, constituted by rocks of the South Iberian Margin subducted below the other two complexes [48][49][50][51].…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Submarine Basaltic Magmatism in the Subbetic Basin (Southern Spain): Insights into Melt-Weakening Processes during Mesozoic Continental Rifting

Díaz‐Alvarado

Pedrera

Azor³

et al. 2021

Lithosphere

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Mantle-derived volcanic rocks from the Subbetic hyperextended basin in SE Spain provide new insights into the composition and mechanical behavior of the mantle during continental rifting. The present study describes a sequential restored cross-section along with geochemical characteristics of the basaltic rocks interbedded within the Mesozoic succession of the basin. Sedimentary stacking patterns of minibasins above the mobilized salt reflect the relationships with coeval basaltic volcanism. We recognize two type localities on the basis of volcanic facies, the presence of shallow intrusive bodies, and age of the associated sedimentary formations. The first type corresponds to subaqueous pillow-lava flows and subvolcanic sills and dikes associated with Lower Jurassic marly limestones and Middle Jurassic oolitic limestones. The Jurassic basalts present enriched MORB compositions with moderate La/Sm and low Sm/Yb ratios. Interestingly, a significant group of this Jurassic basaltic magmatism departs from the typical MORB-OIB array, showing deep Nb-Ta negative anomalies and high Th/Nb ratios. The second type comprises subaqueous lava flows, also including pillow-shaped basalts interlayered with hyaloclastite deposits and Upper Cretaceous clays, radiolarites, and marly limestones. The Cretaceous magmatism is characterized by highly enriched MORB compositions. Furthermore, the moderate Sm/Yb values and the positive correlation between LREE/HREE and Zr point to the involvement of deep (Grt-present) mantle sources in the origin of the Cretaceous basaltic melts. We interpret the Lower-Middle Jurassic calc-alkaline signal as due to the partial melting of recycled crustal rocks within the upper mantle, i.e., associated with remnants of pre-Mesozoic subducted slabs. These characteristics are similar to those described in Triassic basaltic rocks widespread throughout the External Zone of the Betic Cordillera. Mantle-derived basalts interlayered within the Lower Jurassic syn-rift deposits indicate that melting and deformation within the lithospheric mantle was initiated early during continental rifting. Accordingly, we suggest that Early to Middle Jurassic mantle melts promoted failure within the upper mantle, thus contributing to the inception of lithospheric-scale shear zones, which, in turn, controlled the evolution of this magma-poor hyperextended margin. Subsequently, rift evolution gave way to the activation of deeper melt sources in the mantle and an increase of the alkaline signature at the Cretaceous time.

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Alpine Orogeny: Deformation and Structure in the Southern Iberian Margin (Betics s.l.)

Cited by 11 publications

References 225 publications

Refined Tectonic Evolution of the Betic‐Rif Orogen Through Integrated 3‐D Microstructural Analysis and Sm‐Nd Dating of Garnet Porphyroblasts

Refined Tectonic Evolution of the Betic‐Rif Orogen Through Integrated 3‐D Microstructural Analysis and Sm‐Nd Dating of Garnet Porphyroblasts

Preservation of Underground Microbial Diversity in Ancient Subsurface Deposits (>6 Ma) of the Rio Tinto Basement

Submarine Basaltic Magmatism in the Subbetic Basin (Southern Spain): Insights into Melt-Weakening Processes during Mesozoic Continental Rifting

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