Alteration of immune function endpoints and differential expression of estrogen receptor isoforms in leukocytes from 17β-estradiol exposed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Shelley, Lesley K.; Osachoff, Heather L.; Aggelen, Graham C. van; Ross, Peter S.; Kennedy, Christopher J.

doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2012.09.014

Cited by 39 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…The immunomodulating effects of EDCs on the fish immune system are likely to be mediated by estrogen and androgen receptors, which are expressed in piscine immune cells (Slater et al 1995;Iwanowicz et al 2009;CasanovaNakayama et al 2011;Cabas et al 2011;Shelley et al 2013). In a recent in vitro study by Yang et al (2015), the authors provided strong evidence that the estrogen BPA modulates the antibacterial activity of carp macrophages through the estrogen receptor (ER) signaling pathway.…”

Section: Hormones/endocrine Disrupting Compounds (Edcs; 27%)mentioning

confidence: 99%

20 Years of fish immunotoxicology – what we know and where we are

Rehberger

Werner

Hitzfeld

et al. 2017

Critical Reviews in Toxicology

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Despite frequent field observations of impaired immune response and increased disease incidence in contaminant-exposed wildlife populations, immunotoxic effects are rarely considered in ecotoxicological risk assessment. The aim of this study was to review the literature on immunotoxic effects of chemicals in fish to quantitatively evaluate (i) which experimental approaches were used to assess immunotoxic effects, (ii) whether immune markers exist to screen for potential immunotoxic activities of chemicals, and (iii) how predictive those parameters are for adverse alterations of fish immunocompetence and disease resistance. A total of 241 publications on fish immunotoxicity were quantitatively analyzed. The main conclusions included: (i) To date, fish immunotoxicology focused mainly on innate immune responses and immunosuppressive effects. (ii) In numerous studies, the experimental conditions are poorly documented, as for instance age or sex of the fish or the rationale for the selected exposure conditions is often missing. (iii) Although a broad variety of parameters were used to assess immunotoxicity, the rationale for the choice of measured parameters was often not given, remaining unclear how they link to the suspected immunotoxic mode of action of the chemicals. (iv) At the current state of knowledge, it is impossible to identify a set of immune parameters that could reliably screen for immunotoxic potentials of chemicals. (v) Similarly, in fish immunotoxicology there is insufficient understanding of how and when chemical-induced modulations of molecular/cellular immune changes relate to adverse alterations of fish immunocompetence, although this would be crucial to include immunotoxicity in ecotoxicological risk assessment.

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Section: Hormones/endocrine Disrupting Compounds (Edcs; 27%)mentioning

confidence: 99%

20 Years of fish immunotoxicology – what we know and where we are

Rehberger

Werner

Hitzfeld

et al. 2017

Critical Reviews in Toxicology

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“…It has been demonstrated that estrogens affect the immune system in fish (Chaves-Pozo et al, 2009;Iwanowicz et al, 2009;Liarte et al, 2011aLiarte et al, , 2011b and that leukocyte function is modulated by E 2 (Chaves-Pozo et al, 2003;Law et al, 2001;Liarte et al, 2011b;Shelley et al, 2013;Wang and Belosevic, 1994;Watanuki et al, 2002;Yamaguchi et al, 2001) and by EE 2 (Cabas et al, 2012). In the light of the known presence of estrogenic EDCs in the environment and the increased use of immune status as an indicator of wild fish health, it is essential that mechanistic and physiological effects of estrogen on the immune function be elucidated in fish (Iwanowicz et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tamoxifen persistently disrupts the humoral adaptive immune response of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.)

Rodenas

Cabas

Abellán

et al. 2015

Developmental & Comparative Immunology

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“…A number of studies could show that immune parameters and immunocompetence of fish are influenced by estrogens, both by endogenous estrogens and by environmental (xeno) estrogens [ 21 , 22 , 23 ]. Moreover, recent research provided evidence that both membrane and nuclear ERs are expressed in immune organs and cells of teleosts [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ]. In fact, the available evidence suggest that the immunomodulatory function of estrogens has been conserved throughout vertebrate evolution, despite the differences of reproductive strategies between oviparous and viviparous vertebrates [ 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune-Specific Expression and Estrogenic Regulation of the Four Estrogen Receptor Isoforms in Female Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Casanova-Nakayama

Siebenthal

Kropf

et al. 2018

IJMS

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Genomic actions of estrogens in vertebrates are exerted via two intracellular estrogen receptor (ER) subtypes, ERα and ERβ, which show cell- and tissue-specific expression profiles. Mammalian immune cells express ERs and are responsive to estrogens. More recently, evidence became available that ERs are also present in the immune organs and cells of teleost fish, suggesting that the immunomodulatory function of estrogens has been conserved throughout vertebrate evolution. For a better understanding of the sensitivity and the responsiveness of the fish immune system to estrogens, more insight is needed on the abundance of ERs in the fish immune system, the cellular ratios of the ER subtypes, and their autoregulation by estrogens. Consequently, the aims of the present study were (i) to determine the absolute mRNA copy numbers of the four ER isoforms in the immune organs and cells of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, and to compare them to the hepatic ER numbers; (ii) to analyse the ER mRNA isoform ratios in the immune system; and, (iii) finally, to examine the alterations of immune ER mRNA expression levels in sexually immature trout exposed to 17β-estradiol (E2), as well as the alterations of immune ER mRNA expression levels in sexually mature trout during the reproductive cycle. All four ER isoforms were present in immune organs—head kidney, spleen-and immune cells from head kidney and blood of rainbow trout, but their mRNA levels were substantially lower than in the liver. The ER isoform ratios were tissue- and cell-specific, both within the immune system, but also between the immune system and the liver. Short-term administration of E2 to juvenile female trout altered the ER mRNA levels in the liver, but the ERs of the immune organs and cells were not responsive. Changes of ER gene transcript numbers in immune organs and cells occurred during the reproductive cycle of mature female trout, but the changes in the immune ER profiles differed from those in the liver and gonads. The correlation between ER gene transcript numbers and serum E2 concentrations was only moderate to low. In conclusion, the low mRNA numbers of nuclear ER in the trout immune system, together with their limited estrogen-responsiveness, suggest that the known estrogen actions on trout immunity may be not primarily mediated through genomic actions, but may involve other mechanisms, such as non-genomic pathways or indirect effects.

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Alteration of immune function endpoints and differential expression of estrogen receptor isoforms in leukocytes from 17β-estradiol exposed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Cited by 39 publications

References 72 publications

20 Years of fish immunotoxicology – what we know and where we are

20 Years of fish immunotoxicology – what we know and where we are

Tamoxifen persistently disrupts the humoral adaptive immune response of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.)

Immune-Specific Expression and Estrogenic Regulation of the Four Estrogen Receptor Isoforms in Female Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

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