Alterations in Fetal Adipose Tissue Leptin Expression Correlate with the Development of Adipose Tissue

Chen, Xiaoli; Lin, Ji; Hausman, Dorothy B.; Martin, Roy J.; Dean, Roger G.; Hausman, Gary

doi:10.1159/000014245

Cited by 28 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Fetal leptin, originating in the placental trophoblast (Chen et al 2000) or in fetal adipose tissues (Lepercq et al 2001), is firmly associated with conceptus growth and development in a number of species, including humans (Bajoria et al 2002, Henson & Castracane 2002, Sagawa et al 2002. Effects are mediated in a variety of tissues via a specific leptin receptor, which is a member of the cytokine class I receptor superfamily.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptin receptor expression in fetal lung increases in late gestation in the baboon: a model for human pregnancy

Henson

Swan²,

Edwards³

et al. 2004

Reproduction

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Leptin produced by both adipose tissue and the placental trophoblast, has been proposed to regulate numerous aspects of human conceptus development. Although recent animal studies have suggested an additional role for the polypeptide in fetal lung maturation, no evidence has been reported in primates. Therefore, we employed the baboon (Papio sp.), a well-characterized primate model for human pregnancy, to determine the presence and ontogeny of leptin receptor in fetal lung with advancing gestation. Lungs were collected from fetal baboons, early in gestation (days 58-62, n 5 4), at mid gestation (days 98 -102, n 5 4), and late in gestation (days 158 -165, n 5 4) (term 184 days). mRNA transcripts for leptin (LEP) and both long and short intracellular domain isoforms of the leptin receptor (LEP-R L and LEP-R S ) were assessed by RT-PCR. leptin receptor protein was evaluated by immunoblotting and cell types expressing leptin receptor were identified in late pregnancy by immunohistochemistry. Fetal serum leptin concentrations, determined by RIA, remained relatively unchanged at 5.7 6 1.1 ng/ml (mean 6 S.E.M.) in mid pregnancy and 8.4 6 3.0 ng/ml in late pregnancy (P > 0.05). Although leptin were detectable in fetal lung, no changes in transcript abundance were apparent with advancing gestation. However, transcripts for both LEP-R L and LEP-R S receptor isoforms increased several-fold (P < 0.05) in fetal lung between mid and late gestation, while leptin receptor protein was detectable only in late pregnancy. leptin receptor was localized in distal pulmonary epithelial cells, including type II pneumocytes. In conclusion, leptin is present in the fetal baboon and its receptor is enhanced during late gestation in cells responsible for the synthesis of pulmonary surfactant. Collectively, these and past findings may suggest a modulatory role for the polypeptide in pulmonary development and/or may identify leptin receptor as a physiological marker of primate fetal lung maturity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptin receptor expression in fetal lung increases in late gestation in the baboon: a model for human pregnancy

Henson

Swan²,

Edwards³

et al. 2004

Reproduction

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“…Its role in the neonate is less documented. In species such as the pig, in which fat is detected before birth, both leptin and leptin receptor mRNA are detected in subcutaneous adipose tissue from 105-day-old foetuses (Chen et al, 2000). Levels of leptin mRNA were much lower in foetuses than in 7-day-old piglets.…”

Section: Leptinmentioning

confidence: 93%

Growth and development of adipose tissue and gut and related endocrine status during early growth in the pig: impact of low birth weight

Morise

Louveau

Huërou‐Luron

2008

Animal

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With genetic selection, the increase in litter size has led to higher variation in within-litter birth weights in pigs. This has been associated with a reduction in mean birth weights and a rise in the proportion of piglets weighing less than 1 kg at birth. Low birth weight pigs exhibit lower postnatal growth rates and feed efficiency, which may be explained by an inadequate digestion and/or nutrient use as a consequence of prenatal undernutrition. It is now documented that there is a relationship between birth weight and subsequent pattern of growth and development of tissues and organs. During the neonatal period, the rapid somatic growth is accompanied by tremendous anatomical, physiological and chemical composition changes. The present review focuses primarily on the influence of low birth weight on adipose tissue and the gastrointestinal tract growth and development during the suckling period. The importance of the somatotropic axis, insulin, thyroid hormones, glucocorticoids, epidermal growth factor and leptin in the regulation of these developmental processes is also considered.

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“…This transfer increases during late pregnancy in parallel with an upregulation of expression of the shorter isoforms of the leptin receptor in the placenta (Smith & Waddell 2002, 2003. In species such as the sheep and pig, in which fat is deposited before birth, leptin is synthesised in fetal adipose tissue and is present in the fetal circulation through late gestation (Yuen et al 1999, Chen et al 2000, Devaskar et al 2002, Ehrhardt et al 2002, Muhlhausler et al 2002, 2003, Yuen et al 2002. Leptin is also expressed in the fetal sheep brain and liver but, in contrast to the human, leptin is not expressed in the sheep placenta (Thomas et al 2001, Ehrhardt et al 2002.…”

Section: Leptin Synthesis and Secretion Before Birthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of leptin synthesis and secretion before birth: implications for the early programming of adult obesity

McMillen¹,

Edwards²,

Duffield³

et al. 2006

Reproduction

104

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A series of epidemiological, clinical and experimental studies have shown that there are associations between the fetal and neonatal nutritional environment and the amount and distribution of adipose tissue in adult life. This review considers the evidence for these relationships and discusses the potential impact of the prenatal nutritional experience on the development of the endocrine and neuroendocrine systems that regulate energy balance, with a particular emphasis on the role of the adipocyte-derived hormone, leptin. In the rodent, leptin derived from the mother may exert an important influence on the development of the appetite regulatory neural network and on the subsequent regulation of leptin synthesis and the risk for obesity in the offspring. In species such as the human and sheep, there is also recent evidence that the synthesis and secretion of adipocyte-derived hormones, such as leptin, are regulated in fetal life. Furthermore, the hypothalamic neuropeptides that regulate energy intake and expenditure in adult life are also present within the fetal brain and may be regulated by the prevailing level of maternal and hence fetal nutrient and hormonal signals, including leptin. This work is important in determining those initiating mechanisms within the 'fat -brain' axis in early life that precede the development of adult obesity.

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Alterations in Fetal Adipose Tissue Leptin Expression Correlate with the Development of Adipose Tissue

Cited by 28 publications

References 28 publications

Leptin receptor expression in fetal lung increases in late gestation in the baboon: a model for human pregnancy

Leptin receptor expression in fetal lung increases in late gestation in the baboon: a model for human pregnancy

Growth and development of adipose tissue and gut and related endocrine status during early growth in the pig: impact of low birth weight

Regulation of leptin synthesis and secretion before birth: implications for the early programming of adult obesity

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