Alterations in skin microbiome mediated by radiotherapy and their potential roles in the prognosis of radiotherapy-induced dermatitis: a pilot study

Ramadan, Mohamed; Hetta, Helal F; Saleh, Moustafa M.; Ali, Marfoua S.; Ahmed, Ali Aya; Salah, Mohammed

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-84529-7

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Based on the rarefied OTUs, α and β diversity were calculated using the R package "PhyloSeq." Shannon (also known as Shannon-Weaver index) (Ott et al, 2014;Gabriel et al, 2019), simpson, and invSimpson index (richness and evenness) and richness (observed OTUs, chao1, ACE) (Ramadan et al, 2021) was used to measure alpha-diversity. Biomarker species were identified based on linear discriminant analysis effect size (LefSe).…”

Section: Fecal Sample Collection and 16s Rrna Gene Sequencingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of the Gut Microbiome and Its Relationship With Peripheral CD4+ T Cell Subpopulations and Cytokines in Rheumatoid Arthritis

et al. 2022

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This study investigated the association between intestinal microbiota abundance and diversity and cluster of differentiation (CD)4+ T cell subpopulations, cytokine levels, and disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis RA. A total of 108 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and 99 healthy control (HC) subjects were recruited. PICRUSt2 was used for functional metagenomic predictions. Absolute counts of peripheral CD4+ T cell subpopulations and cytokine levels were detected by flow cytometry and with a cytokine bead array, respectively. Correlations were analyzed with the Spearman rank correlation test. The results showed that the diversity of intestinal microbiota was decreased in RA patients compared to HCs. At the phylum level, the abundance of Firmicutes, Fusobacteriota, and Bacteroidota was decreased while that of Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria was increased and at the genus level, the abundance of Faecalibacterium, Blautia, and Escherichia-Shigella was increased while that of Bacteroides and Coprococcus was decreased in RA patients compared to HC subjects. The linear discriminant analysis effect size indicated that Bifidobacterium was the most significant genus in RA. The most highly enriched Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway in RA patients was amino acid metabolism. The relative abundance of Megamonas, Monoglobus, and Prevotella was positively correlated with CD4+ T cell counts and cytokine levels; and the relative numbers of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and T helper (Th17)/Treg ratio were negatively correlated with disease activity in RA. These results suggest that dysbiosis of certain bacterial lineages and alterations in gut microbiota metabolism lead to changes in the host immune profile that contribute to RA pathogenesis.

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Section: Fecal Sample Collection and 16s Rrna Gene Sequencingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of the Gut Microbiome and Its Relationship With Peripheral CD4+ T Cell Subpopulations and Cytokines in Rheumatoid Arthritis

et al. 2022

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“…Increased rates of pathogenic S. aureus and decreased diversity of other microorganisms are consistently reported in atopic dermatitis lesions in comparison to the healthy skin (64)(65)(66)(67). As reported by Ramadan and colleagues (68), cancer patients with RT-induced dermatitis had significant reduction in bacterial diversity (Shannon, Chao1, and observed species) comparison to healthy controls. The delayed recovery or tendency toward the permanence of RT-induced dermatitis were associated with a raised Proteobacteria/Firmicutes ratio as well as the dermotype with overrepresentation of Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, and Stenotrophomonas.…”

Section: Skin Microbiome In Skin Toxicitiesmentioning

confidence: 71%

Skin Microbiome and Treatment-Related Skin Toxicities in Patients With Cancer: A Mini-Review

et al. 2022

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The human skin hosts millions of bacteria, fungi, archaea, and viruses. These skin microbes play a crucial role in human immunological and physiological functions, as well as the development of skin diseases, including cancer when the balance between skin commensals and pathogens is interrupted. Due to the linkages between inflammation processes and skin microbes, and viral links to skin cancer, new theories have supported the role a dysbiotic skin microbiome plays in the development of cancer and cancer treatment-related skin toxicities. This review focuses on the skin microbiome and its role in cancer treatment-related skin toxicities, particularly from chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and immunotherapy. The current literature found changes in the diversity and abundance of the skin microbiome during cancer treatments such as radiation therapy, including lower diversity of the skin microbiome, an increased Proteobacteria/Firmicutes ratio, and a higher abundance of pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus. These changes may be associated with the development and severity of treatment-related skin toxicities, such as acute radiation dermatitis, hand-foot syndrome in chemotherapy, and immunotherapy-induced rash. Several clinical guidelines have issued potential interventions (e.g., use of topical corticosteroids, phototherapy, and non-pharmaceutical skin care products) to prevent and treat skin toxicities. The effectiveness of these promising interventions in alleviating treatment-related skin toxicities should be further tested among cancer patients.

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“…Patients were included if they were newly diagnosed with grade 2 RISI. The exclusion criterion was systemic topical application of corticosteroids and antibiotics ( Ramadan et al., 2021 ). The clinical characteristics of patients including age, sex, cancer type, and concomitant diseases are shown in Table 1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the alterations and function of skin microbiome mediated by ionizing radiation injury

Huang

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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BackgroundRadiation-induced skin injury (RISI) is still the most common and severe side effect of radiotherapy. The role of the skin’s microbial barrier in the pathogenesis and progression of RISI needs to be fully investigated.MethodsThis study aimed to explore the alterations in and functions of the skin microbiota in RISI. We applied the unculturable approach to characterize the cutaneous microbiomes of a radiation-induced animal model by sequencing the V1–V3 regions of the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene. Combined with the downloaded clinical data of patients, a comprehensive analysis was performed to identify potential radioprotective species and metabolic pathways.ResultsThere were no significant differences in the alpha diversity indices (Sobs, Shannon, Simpson, Ace, and Chao) between the acute radiation injury and control groups. Phylum-level analysis of the RISI microbiomes exhibited significant predominance of Firmicutes (mean abundance = 67%, corrected p = 0.0035). The high abundance of Firmicutes was significantly associated with rapid healing of RISI (average relative abundance = 52%; Kruskal–Wallis: p = 5.7E−4). Among its members, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Acetivibrio ethanolgignens group, Peptostreptococcus, Anaerofilum, and UCG-002 [linear discriminant analysis (LDA) > 3, p < 0.05] were identified as the core genera of Firmicutes. In addition, Lachnosiraceae and Lactobacillus occupied an important position in the interaction network (r > 0.6, p < 0.05). The differential metabolic pathways of RISI were mainly associated with carbohydrate metabolism (butanoate and propanoate metabolism), amino acid metabolism (tryptophan and histidine metabolism), energy metabolism, and lipid metabolism (fatty acid degradation and biosynthesis).ConclusionThis study provides new insights into the potential mechanism and skin microbial changes in the progression of RISI. The overwhelming predominance of members of Firmicutes, including Streptococcaceae, Staphylococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Lactobacillus, is potentially related to rapid healing of RISI. The microbiota–metabolite axis plays a critical role in RISI and provides promising therapeutic targets for the treatment of adverse side effects.

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Alterations in skin microbiome mediated by radiotherapy and their potential roles in the prognosis of radiotherapy-induced dermatitis: a pilot study

Cited by 22 publications

References 58 publications

Characteristics of the Gut Microbiome and Its Relationship With Peripheral CD4+ T Cell Subpopulations and Cytokines in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Characteristics of the Gut Microbiome and Its Relationship With Peripheral CD4+ T Cell Subpopulations and Cytokines in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Skin Microbiome and Treatment-Related Skin Toxicities in Patients With Cancer: A Mini-Review

Exploring the alterations and function of skin microbiome mediated by ionizing radiation injury

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