Alterations in the Elasticity, Pliability, and Viscoelastic Properties of Facial Skin After Injection of Onabotulinum Toxin A

Bonaparte, James P.; Ellis, David

doi:10.1001/jamafacial.2015.0376

Cited by 24 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…More recent studies have used the Cutometer to examine the effects of botulinum toxin, various topical skin treatments and oral supplements. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Mandelic acid is a large α-hydroxy acid molecule, C 8 H 8 O 3 . Hydroxylation of amygdalin results in the production of mandelic acid.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Topical Mandelic Acid Treatment on Facial Skin Viscoelasticity

Jacobs

Culbertson

2018

Facial plast Surg

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Mandelic acid is an α-hydroxy acid with reported benefit in treating acne and hyperpigmentation. The authors have developed a topical mandelic acid formulation that subjectively improves the quality of aged skin. Although the gold standard for assessing outcomes, photographic documentation is limited by subjective interpretation. Tools for measuring physical skin properties allow for an objective assessment of changes in skin quality. The authors sought to objectively study the viscoelastic changes to the skin following treatment with topical mandelic acid, using the Cutometer MPA 580. Twenty-four patients, twenty females and four males, aged 42 to 68 years, were studied over a four-week period. Mandelic acid was applied topically to the face twice a day for four weeks. The lower eyelid skin viscoelastic properties were assessed weekly using the Cutometer. After four weeks of topical mandelic acid treatment, the elasticity of lower eyelid skin increased 25.4% (P = .003). Skin firmness increased 23.8% (P = .029). Improvement in photographic appearance correlated with these findings. Mandelic acid is another topical treatment option for improving skin quality, and is well tolerated by patients. The authors feel that the Cutometer or similar device should be used routinely in facial plastic surgery to objectively assess outcomes of various treatment modalities.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Topical Mandelic Acid Treatment on Facial Skin Viscoelasticity

Jacobs

Culbertson

2018

Facial plast Surg

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“…Measurements were performed after 20-min resting, controlled environment (temperature between 20 and 25 °C and humidity ranging 30–50 %), always in the morning in order to avoid interference in the chronobiological characteristics of the skin [ 24 ], and all assessments made in the anterior forearm because of the biomechanical characteristics of the skin vary in different regions [ 25 ]. The probe was maintained at the delimited area by 6 s, 500 mbar of suction, three times repetition, normalization of temperature interval, performed 15 min after skin contact [ 26 ], with representative displacement curves calculated by the Cutometer software [ 27 – 29 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of therapeutic ultrasound on the biomechanical characteristics of the skin

et al. 2016

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BackgroundSkin function is dependent on its biomechanical characteristics, resistance, malleability, and elasticity. Therapeutic ultrasound may increase cutaneous malleability thus and optimize the rehabilitation process on specific diseases. The aim of this study is to evaluate possible alterations of biomechanical characteristics of the normal skin after therapeutic ultrasound application.MethodsThirty-one volunteers took part of the study, and the average age was 31.61 ± 8.37 years old. Biomechanical characteristics evaluation of the skin was performed with the Cutometer MPA 580 (Courage + Khazaka Electronic—Köln, Germany) of 2-mm probe hole and 500-mbar vacuum. Skin characteristics were analyzed before and after therapeutic ultrasound application, and the variables R0 (distensibility), R2 (gross elasticity), and R6 (viscoelasticity) were used for the study. Areas of therapeutic ultrasound application (continuous, 3 MHz, 1 W/cm2 SATA) were defined at the upper limbs and standardized using a neoprene template. Sociodemographic data of volunteers were analyzed using SPSS 15.0. To analyze the distribution of the data, the Shapiro-Wilk test was used, which showed the normal distribution for R0 values, R2 and R6. For this procedure, the PROC TTEST from SAS® 9.0 software and Minitab 16 software, with significance, was set at the 0.05 level.ResultsIn relation to R0, a significant increase (p = 0.001) was observed for the distensibility, when compared to values of pre- (0.3273 mm) and immediately post- (0.3795 mm) resource application which feature a greater distensibility. Related to R2 values, a significant increase (p = .001) of the gross elasticity at pre- (0.8419) and post- (0.8884) therapeutic ultrasound application was found.ConclusionsTherapeutic ultrasound promotes significant alterations of the biomechanical characteristics of the skin.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, 1111-1146-7342

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“…In cosmetic dermatology, BoNTs have been traditionally used for facial muscle relaxation and to improve cutaneous elasticity, pliability and viscoelastic properties, in addition to the organization and orientation of collagen fibres of facial skin . Aside from cosmetic indications, i.e.…”

Section: Clinical Applications Of Botulinum Neurotoxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The non-neuronal and nonmuscular effects of botulinum toxin: an opportunity for a deadly molecule to treat disease in the skin and beyond

Grando

Zachary

2018

Br J Dermatol

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There is growing evidence that botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) exhibit biological effects on various human cell types with a host of associated clinical implications. This review aims to provide an update on the non-neuronal and nonmuscular effects of botulinum toxin. We critically analysed recent reports on the structure and function of cellular signalling systems subserving biological effects of BoNTs. The BoNT receptors and intracellular targets are not unique for neurotransmission. They have been found in both neuronal and non-neuronal cells, but there are differences in how BoNT binds to, and acts on, neuronal vs. non-neuronal cells. The non-neuronal cells that express one or more BoNT/A-binding proteins, and/or cleavage target synaptosomal-associated protein 25, include: epidermal keratinocytes; mesenchymal stem cells from subcutaneous adipose; nasal mucosal cells; urothelial cells; intestinal, prostate and alveolar epithelial cells; breast cell lines; neutrophils; and macrophages. Serotype BoNT/A can also elicit specific biological effects in dermal fibroblasts, sebocytes and vascular endothelial cells. Nontraditional applications of BoNT have been reported for the treatment of the following dermatological conditions: hyperhidrosis, Hailey-Hailey disease, Darier disease, inversed psoriasis, aquagenic palmoplantar keratoderma, pachyonychia congenita, multiple eccrine hydrocystomas, eccrine angiomatous hamartoma, eccrine sweat gland naevi, congenital eccrine naevus, Raynaud phenomenon and cutaneous leiomyomas. Experimental studies have demonstrated the ability of BoNT/A to protect skin flaps, facilitate wound healing, decrease thickness of hypertrophic scars, produce an anti-ageing effect, improve a mouse model of psoriasiform dermatitis, and have also revealed extracutaneous effects of BoNT arising from its anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. BoNTs have a much wider range of applications than originally understood, and the individual cellular responses to the cholinergic impacts of BoNTs could provide fertile ground for future studies.

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Alterations in the Elasticity, Pliability, and Viscoelastic Properties of Facial Skin After Injection of Onabotulinum Toxin A

Cited by 24 publications

References 43 publications

Effects of Topical Mandelic Acid Treatment on Facial Skin Viscoelasticity

Effects of Topical Mandelic Acid Treatment on Facial Skin Viscoelasticity

Influence of therapeutic ultrasound on the biomechanical characteristics of the skin

The non-neuronal and nonmuscular effects of botulinum toxin: an opportunity for a deadly molecule to treat disease in the skin and beyond

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