Alterations to adipose tissue morphology during inflammatory arthritis is indicative of vasculopathology in DBA/1 mice

Abstract

The physiologic function of adipose tissue is altered by the host's inflammatory response; the implications for maintaining human health and regulating inflammation-associated disease progression are ill defined. However, this cannot be investigated in humans, therefore the use of animal models is required. With the aim to determine morphological and molecular alterations to perivascular and organ-associated adipose tissues during inflammatory arthritis, collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) was established in male DBA/1 mice. Emerging evidence from this study signposts CIA in the DBA/1 mouse as a model that is relevant to study the development and treatment of early cardiovascular pathology associated with inflammatory arthritis. Here, we show global morphological changes in adipose tissue and the thoracic aorta in animals induced with CIA compared with the non-immunized controls. In CIA, we concluded that the increased cell count in PVAT was, at least in part, caused by an ingress and/or expansion of macrophages that had a mixed phenotype. A substantial increase of galectin-3 was expressed in PVAT from mice with CIA. Galectin-3 is elevated in the blood of patients with CVDs, however, it has never before been measured in PVAT in rodents or humans. Here, PVAT-associated galectin-3 is identified as a potential biomarker for detecting early vascular pathology in CIA and a promising candidate for translation to RA.

Collagen‐induced arthritis as an animal model of rheumatoid cachexia

“…Despite that lipid metabolism is relevant in RA, the response to treatment is also due to adipose tissue role as a potent source of cytokines and adipokines including TNF. 38,39 Furthermore, a recently published study with Antigen-Induced Arthritis (AIA) in rabbits has shown increased in C-reactive protein and GA IL-1beta 40 also corroborates to the inhibitory effect of inflammation on animal fat lipogenesis as well as muscle loss. Furthermore, there are few RA patients that develop severe arthritis that are the most similar to our animal model arthritis development.…”

“…have found decreased body weight gain in adjuvant‐induced arthritis rats, suggesting an inhibitory effect of inflammation on body weight, in which diseased animals has lower relative fat mass compared with pair‐fed healthy rats. Despite that lipid metabolism is relevant in RA, the response to treatment is also due to adipose tissue role as a potent source of cytokines and adipokines including TNF . Furthermore, a recently published study with Antigen‐Induced Arthritis (AIA) in rabbits has shown increased in C‐reactive protein and GA IL‐1beta also corroborates to the inhibitory effect of inflammation on animal fat lipogenesis as well as muscle loss.…”

The infrapatellar fat pad and the synovial membrane: an anatomo‐functional unit

“…Peculiar microscopic changes in OA IFP, such as thickening of interlobular septa, an increase in vascularization and the presence of inflammatory infiltrates, have been described (Favero et al 2017;Macchi et al 2017). Importantly, these changes have also been observed in the IFP adjacent synovial membrane, suggesting a possible cross-talk between these two structures (Eymard et al 2014), which may support a possible role of IFP in disease progression (Wenham & Conaghan, 2010;Sime et al 2017). The release of proinflammatory mediators from the synovial membrane, e.g.…”

P097 ANTI-TNF treatment improves vascular function via suppression of GALECTIN-3 expression during inflammatory arthritis

“…1 Initial studies in the collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model revealed an increase in cardiac fibrosis marker galectin-3, both locally in perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) and systemically in blood plasma during inflammatory arthritis and correlated with impaired vascular function. 2 Objectives This study aims to investigate the impact of anti-TNF treatment on galectin-3 expression and vascular function during CIA. Methods Male DBA/1 mice underwent CIA induction and received either Enbrel or phosphate buffered saline (PBS) by intravenous injection.…”

“…VISFATIN IN BONE METABOLISM OF OSTEOPOROSIS AND OSTEOARTHRITIS PATIENTS 1 L Tsiklauri*, 1,2 J Werner, 1, 2 K Frommer, 1, 2 R Engel, 1,2,3 S Rehart, 1,2,3,4 S Wenisch, 1,2,3 U Lange, 1,2,3 U Müller-Ladner, 1,2,3 E Neumann. 1 Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Kerckhoff-Klinik, Bad Nauheim, Germany, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany, Bad Nauheim; 2 Institute of Veterinary-Anatomy, -Histology and Embryology, Clinic of Small Animals, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany, Giessen; 3 Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Agaplesion, Markus Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany, Frankfurt; 4 Institute of Veterinary-Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Clinic of Small Animals, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany, Giessen, Germany Introduction Osteoporosis predominantly affects elderly people and is characterised by bone loss, increased fracture risk and reduced regeneration ability.…”