Altered Drop Jump Landing Biomechanics Following Eccentric Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage

Tsatalas, Themistoklis; Karampina, Evangeli; Mina, Minas A.; Patikas, Dimitrios; Laschou, Vasiliki C.; Pappas, Aggelos; Jamurtas, Athanasios Z.; Koutedakis, Yiannis

doi:10.3390/sports9020024

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Despite this evidence concerning the production of CK and the loss in flight height in a post situation, this is a conclusion that could not be fully contrasted by not taking into account the possible differences between runners (characterization of genetic subject-by-subject basis) [ 48 ] and, above all, by not considering the level of training of the study sample analyzed [ 7 , 21 , 49 ]. These considerations, together with the fact that our analysis test was a multi-stage race and the fact that our study sample was composed of subjects with similar levels of training and physical condition, mean that it could be the consequence of not obtaining relationships in the rest of the biomarkers analyzed for the losses in the capacity of fair contractile after the end of the event.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

768-km Multi-Stage Ultra-Trail Case Study-Muscle Damage, Biochemical Alterations and Strength Loss on Lower Limbs

Lecina

Otín

Fuente

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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A series of case studies aimed to evaluate muscular fatigue in running a 768-km ultra-trail race in 11 days. Four non-professional athletes (four males) were enrolled. Muscle damage blood biomarkers (creatine kinase (CK), lactodeshydrogenase (LDH), aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and lower limb strength were evaluated by using Bosco jumps test; squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ) and Abalakov jump (ABA) were assessed before (pre), after the race (post) and for two and nine days during the recovery period (rec2 and rec9), respectively. Results showed: pre-post SJ = −28%, CMJ = −36% and ABA = −21%. Values returned to basal during rec9: SJ = −1%, CMJ = −2% or even exceeded pre-values ABA = +3%. On the contrary, muscle damage blood biomarkers values increased at post; CK = +888%, LDH = +172%, AST = +167% and ALT = +159% and the values returned gradually to baseline at rec9 except for AST = +226% and ALT = +103% which remained higher. Nonparametric bivariate Spearman’s test showed strong correlations (Rs ≥ 0.8) between some jumps and muscle damage biomarkers at post (SJ-LDH Rs = 0.80, SJ-AST Rs = 0.8, ABA-LD H Rs = 0.80 and ABA-AST Rs = 0.80), at rec2 (SJ-CK Rs = 0.80 and SJ-ALT Rs = 0.80) and even during rec9 (ABA-CK). Similarly, some parameters such as accumulated elevation and training volume showed a strong correlation with LDH values after finishing the ultra-trail race. The alteration induced by completing an ultra-trail event in the muscle affects lower limb strength and may in some circumstances result in serious medical conditions including post- exertional rhabdomyolysis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

768-km Multi-Stage Ultra-Trail Case Study-Muscle Damage, Biochemical Alterations and Strength Loss on Lower Limbs

Lecina

Otín

Fuente

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…ACLD and ACLR subjects completed the subjective Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) evaluation form, which is considered a reliable measure of 5 outcomes, including activities of daily living, sport and recreation, pain, and knee-related quality of life 41 . Anthropometric measurements were recorded, and 20 spherical retroreflective markers were positioned bilaterally on anatomic landmarks and specific locations of the pelvis and lower limbs according to the marker set described in the literature 42,43 . Subsequently, the subjects walked barefoot along the 10 m laboratory walkway within ± 5% of their individual self-selected walking speed (SWS).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leveraging explainable machine learning to identify gait biomechanical parameters associated with anterior cruciate ligament injury

Kokkotis

Moustakidis²,

Tsatalas

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficient and reconstructed knees display altered biomechanics during gait. Identifying significant gait changes is important for understanding normal and ACL function and is typically performed by statistical approaches. This paper focuses on the development of an explainable machine learning (ML) empowered methodology to: (i) identify important gait kinematic, kinetic parameters and quantify their contribution in the diagnosis of ACL injury and (ii) investigate the differences in sagittal plane kinematics and kinetics of the gait cycle between ACL deficient, ACL reconstructed and healthy individuals. For this aim, an extensive experimental setup was designed in which three-dimensional ground reaction forces and sagittal plane kinematic as well as kinetic parameters were collected from 151 subjects. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology was evaluated using a comparative analysis with eight well-known classifiers. Support Vector Machines were proved to be the best performing model (accuracy of 94.95%) on a group of 21 selected biomechanical parameters. Neural Networks accomplished the second best performance (92.89%). A state-of-the-art explainability analysis based on SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) and conventional statistical analysis were then employed to quantify the contribution of the input biomechanical parameters in the diagnosis of ACL injury. Features, that would have been neglected by the traditional statistical analysis, were identified as contributing parameters having significant impact on the ML model’s output for ACL injury during gait.

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“…During the first visit, the participants initially were instructed on proper concentric/eccentric exercise technique and were familiarized with the operation of the novel lever exercise system. The intensity of exercise was progressively increased during familiarization trials to avoid muscle soreness, similarly to previous studies employing eccentric exercise of the upper or lower extremities [18,19,24,25]. Additionally, baseline peak concentric (Peak CON ) and peak eccentric (Peak ECC ) force measurements of both upper extremities were collected, as the participants pushed (i.e., performing concentric actions) or resisted (i.e., performing eccentric actions) synchronously both levers by applying maximum voluntary force throughout the range of motion with a constant angular velocity.…”

Section: Experimental Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Usability of a Prototype Upper Extremities Lever-Driven Exercise System

Tsatalas

Bellis

Karampina

et al. 2022

BioMed

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The purpose of this paper is to present the design, construction, and technical aspects of a prototype upper extremities lever-driven exercise system, called FIT-WHEEL (Functional and Intelligent Training system for WHEELchair users), as well as the preliminary experimental measurements conducted to test the device’s usability in healthy individuals. FIT-WHEEL was developed to provide a training modality that combines the known benefits of eccentric exercise and lever-propelled wheelchairs. Eleven healthy male participants performed, seven days apart, a moderate intensity concentric and eccentric exercise protocol on FIT-WHEEL consisting of 30 trials of both upper extremities at 30% of peak concentric and peak eccentric force, respectively. At the end of each exercise bout, participants completed a number of valid and reliable instruments examining attitudes, intention and enjoyment during concentric or eccentric exercise on the FIT-WHEEL system as well as the usability of the two exercise protocols on the novel lever-driven exercise system. Statistical analyses revealed high scores in all the examined parameters (attitudes, intention, enjoyment, and usability) in both eccentric and concentric exercise protocols, without any significant differences emerging between them. Moreover, total mechanical work during eccentric exercise was 18.3% higher compared to concentric exercise performed on the FIT-WHEEL training system (p = 0.001). The preliminary experimental results discussed serve as an initial step to implement lever-driven eccentric exercise in wheelchair dependent populations in the future and evaluate the potential long-term benefits and limitations.

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Altered Drop Jump Landing Biomechanics Following Eccentric Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage

Cited by 10 publications

References 54 publications

768-km Multi-Stage Ultra-Trail Case Study-Muscle Damage, Biochemical Alterations and Strength Loss on Lower Limbs

768-km Multi-Stage Ultra-Trail Case Study-Muscle Damage, Biochemical Alterations and Strength Loss on Lower Limbs

Leveraging explainable machine learning to identify gait biomechanical parameters associated with anterior cruciate ligament injury

Development and Usability of a Prototype Upper Extremities Lever-Driven Exercise System

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