Altered microbiota in microscopic colitis

Epidemiology of microscopic colitis

“…Theoretically, this might be due to the ability of NSAIDs to uncouple oxidative phosphorylation, impeding the maintenance of the electrolyte balance due to reduced cellular energy levels. 26,32 In omeprazole treated cells paracellular permeability was maintained as well, as no effect was observed on FITC permeation. The lower TEER values observed in omeprazole treated cells might also be due to changes in the flux of electrolytes ( Figure 5.2A).…”

“…31 and immune system. However, based on the current findings, we cannot exclude that the intestinal microbiota may be involved in MC, as only 1 study has ever reported on microbial changes in MC 32 and extensive data on the microbial composition and activity in MC are lacking.…”

“…[44][45][46] World-wide, pooled incidence rates of 4.1 and 4.9 per 100,000 person years have been reported for CC and LC, respectively. 32 However, most recent figures show a considerable variation both within and between geographic regions. In Spain, mean annual incidence rates of 2.9 (CC) and 2.3 (LC) per 100,000 person years 40 have been reported between 2004 and 2008.…”

“…32 Moreover, MC is more frequent in women than in men. Female:male ratios range between 3:1 and 9:1, and are higher in CC compared to LC.…”

“…Animal models have shown that concomitant use of PPIs in NSAID exposed rats significantly aggravated intestinal damage. 32 Pharmacologically, a dysbiosis due to PPI induced gastric acid suppression, in combination with NSAID related effects, could be the underlying mechanism. Their effect on colonic mucosal barrier function by COX inhibition might be attributive herein.…”