Altered prefrontal activity and connectivity predict different cognitive deficits in schizophrenia

Ferrarelli, Fabio; Riedner, Brady A.; Peterson, Michael J.; Tononi, Giulio

doi:10.1002/hbm.22935

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Coordinates were chosen based on the rat brain atlas 52 . The mPFC and TC were assessed given their role in cognitive function and sensory gating 53 , 54 . The vST was assessed as a non-cortical brain region also implemented in the etiology of SZ 55 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal deprivation induces alterations in cognitive and cortical function in adulthood

et al. 2018

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Early life trauma is a risk factor for a number of neuropsychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia (SZ). The current study assessed how an early life traumatic event, maternal deprivation (MD), alters cognition and brain function in rodents. Rats were maternally deprived in the early postnatal period and then recognition memory (RM) was tested in adulthood using the novel object recognition task. The expression of catechol-o-methyl transferase (COMT) and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD67) were quantified in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), ventral striatum, and temporal cortex (TC). In addition, depth EEG recordings were obtained from the mPFC, vertex, and TC during a paired-click paradigm to assess the effects of MD on sensory gating. MD animals exhibited impaired RM, lower expression of COMT in the mPFC and TC, and lower expression of GAD67 in the TC. Increased bioelectric noise was observed at each recording site of MD animals. MD animals also exhibited altered information theoretic measures of stimulus encoding. These data indicate that a neurodevelopmental perturbation yields persistent alterations in cognition and brain function, and are consistent with human studies that identified relationships between allelic differences in COMT and GAD67 and bioelectric noise. These changes evoked by MD also lead to alterations in shared information between cognitive and primary sensory processing areas, which provides insight into how early life trauma confers a risk for neurodevelopmental disorders, such as SZ, later in life.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal deprivation induces alterations in cognitive and cortical function in adulthood

et al. 2018

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“… 21 Significant current scattering has also been effective in distinguishing patients with schizophrenia from healthy controls. 22 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Treatment With Subgenual Cingulate Hyperactivity in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder

et al. 2019

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Key Points Question Is repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation associated with changes in subgenual cingulate cortex (SGC) activity in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD)? Findings This diagnostic study, which compared 30 patients with MDD and 30 healthy controls, found that using transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with electroencephalography, SGC activity in patients with MDD was significantly higher compared with healthy controls. After active repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, SGC hyperactivity in patients with MDD was attenuated toward the levels of healthy controls. Meaning These SGC-localized findings support SGC hyperactivity as a central construct in the pathophysiology of MDD, which future work might develop into a clinically significant biological target.

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“…Many executive function tasks have been widely studied in schizophrenia patients [17, 18]. Executive functions are divided into two types, i.e., a cool executive function that may be associated with relatively abstract and decontextualized tasks, and a hot executive function that uses a high degree of emotional involvement [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of the cool executive function using frontal electroencephalogram signals in first-episode schizophrenia patients

Yun

et al. 2016

BioMed Eng OnLine

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BackgroundIn schizophrenia, executive dysfunction is the most critical cognitive impairment, and is associated with abnormal neural activities, especially in the frontal lobes. Complexity estimation using electroencephalogram (EEG) recording based on nonlinear dynamics and task performance tests have been widely used to estimate executive dysfunction in schizophrenia.MethodsThe present study estimated the cool executive function based on fractal dimension (FD) values of EEG data recorded from first-episode schizophrenia patients and healthy controls during the performance of three cool executive function tasks, namely, the Trail Making Test-A (TMT-A), Trail Making Test-B (TMT-B), and Tower of Hanoi tasks.ResultsThe results show that the complexity of the frontal EEG signals that were measured using FD was different in first-episode schizophrenia patients during the manipulation of executive function. However, no differences between patients and controls were found in the FD values of the EEG data that was recorded during the performance of the Tower of Hanoi task.ConclusionsThese results suggest that cool executive function exhibits little impairment in first-episode schizophrenia patients.

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Altered prefrontal activity and connectivity predict different cognitive deficits in schizophrenia

Abstract: These findings indicate that schizophrenia patients have intrinsic defects in both activity and connectivity of PFC, and that these defects are specifically associated with impairments in cognitive abilities.

Cited by 28 publications

References 74 publications

Maternal deprivation induces alterations in cognitive and cortical function in adulthood

Maternal deprivation induces alterations in cognitive and cortical function in adulthood

Association of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Treatment With Subgenual Cingulate Hyperactivity in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder

Estimation of the cool executive function using frontal electroencephalogram signals in first-episode schizophrenia patients

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