Alternate furrow irrigation can radically improve water productivity of okra

Siyal, Altaf Ali; Mashori, A. S.; Bristow, Keith L.; Genuchten, Martinus Th. van

doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2016.04.026

Cited by 26 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Increasing water use efficiency and safely reusing recycled wastewater are essential in developing sustainable agriculture not only for China but also for countries that face water resources scarcity. In addition to improving agronomical management, efficient irrigation methods such as AFI would play an important role in achieving this target as demonstrated in research across the globe (Abd El-Halim, 2013; Aujla et al, 2007; Bogale et al, 2016; Du et al, 2013; Graterol et al, 1993; Grimes et al, 1968; Ramalan and Nwokeocha, 2000; Samadi and Sepaskhah, 1984; Sepaskhah and Hosseini, 2008; Sepaskhah and Khajehabdollahi, 2005; Siyal et al, 2016; Webber et al, 2006; Zhang et al, 2012). We took pepper as the model plant in this work, but the method is applicable to other crops (Kang and Zhang, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing water use by alternate-furrow irrigation with livestock wastewater reduces antibiotic resistance gene abundance in the rhizosphere but not in the non-rhizosphere

Liu

Cui

Neal

et al. 2019

Science of The Total Environment

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Livestock wastewater is rich in nutrients but may contain antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Their discharge to watercourses or soil may result in proliferation of ARGs. Irrigation with wastewater appears to be the most feasible option of disposing of it. One efficient irrigation technology used in arid regions is alternate-furrow irrigation (AFI) by alternately drying part of the plant roots for a prolonged period to physiologically reduce transpiration without compromising yield. However, the extent to which AFI with wastewater influences the concentration of antibiotics and spread of ARGs in soil is poorly understood. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how AFI using swine wastewater alters antibiotic kinetics and ARGs abundance under different irrigation rates, using pepper as the model plant. We examined three AFI treatments using 50%, 65% and 80% of the amount of water employed in sufficient conventional furrow irrigation. Each treatment had a groundwater irrigation control. The results showed that antibiotic concentrations and relative ARGs abundance in the top 20 cm of soil did not increase with the irrigation amount, although they were higher than those in the groundwater-irrigated soils. The relative ARGs abundance in the soil was modulated by irrigation amount and reducing the irrigation amount in AFI reduced ARGs dispersion only in rhizosphere. When the soil moisture was close to field capacity, ARGs were more abundant in rhizosphere than in non-rhizosphere, possibly because the rhizosphere is rich in microbes and increasing antibiotic concentrations due to an increase in irrigation rate favors antibiotic-resistant microbiome in competing for substrates. These, however, were not mirrored in the relative ARGs abundance in the roots. These results have important implications as it revealed that reducing the input of antibiotics and ARGs into soil with AFI does not necessarily reduce ARGs proliferation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing water use by alternate-furrow irrigation with livestock wastewater reduces antibiotic resistance gene abundance in the rhizosphere but not in the non-rhizosphere

Liu

Cui

Neal

et al. 2019

Science of The Total Environment

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“…ET is evapotranspiration (mm) and D is drainage (mm), R is runoff (mm) [39,40]. WS and NF are water-saving and N fertilizer, respectively, Wu/Fu = Water use (mm) and Fertilizer use (kg) of cropping system [41].…”

Section: Data Collection Methods and Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Water and Nitrogen Balance of Different Cropping Systems in the North China Plain

Leghari

Liang

et al. 2019

Agronomy

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The North China Plain (NCP) is experiencing serious groundwater level decline and groundwater nitrate contamination due to excessive water pumping and application of nitrogen (N) fertilizer. In this study, grain yield, water and N use efficiencies under different cropping systems including two harvests in 1 year (winter wheat-summer maize) based on farmer (2H1Y) FP and optimized practices (2H1Y) OPT , three harvests in 2 years (winter wheat-summer maize-spring maize, 3H2Y), and one harvest in 1 year (spring maize, 1H1Y) were evaluated using the water-heat-carbon-nitrogen simulator (WHCNS) model. The 2H1Y FP system was maintained with 100% irrigation and fertilizer, while crop water requirement and N demand for other cropping systems were optimized and managed by soil testing. In addition, a scenario analysis was also performed under the interaction of linearly increasing and decreasing N rates, and irrigation levels.Results showed that the model performed well with simulated soil water content, soil N concentration, leaf area index, dry matter, and grain yield. Statistically acceptable ranges of root mean square error, Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency, index of agreement values close to 1, and strong correlation coefficients existed between simulated and observed values. We concluded that replacing the prevalent 2H1Y FP with 1H1Y would be ecofriendly at the cost of some grain yield decline. This cropping system had the highest average water use (2.1 kg m −3 ) and N use efficiencies (4.8 kg kg -1 ) on reduced water (56.64%) and N (81.36%) inputs than 2H1Y FP . Whereas 3H2Y showed insignificant results in terms of grain yield, and 2H1Y FP was unsustainable. The 2H1Y FP system consumed a total of 745 mm irrigation and 1100 kg N ha -1 in two years. When farming practices were optimized for two harvests in 1 year system (2H1Y) OPT , then grain yield improved and water (18.12%) plus N (61.82%) consumptions were minimized. There was an ample amount of N saved, but water conservation was still unsatisfactory. However, considering the results of scenario analyses, it is recommended that winter wheat would be cultivated at <200 mm irrigation by reducing one irrigation event.Since the 1970s, the annual use of the two-harvest cropping system greatly increased the total grain output. However, it has also caused severe groundwater decline [7,8], because both crops generally have high water requirements to complete their life cycle [9,10]. Crop water requirement does not meet the balance between groundwater recharge through rain and evapotranspiration (ET) loss from plant and soil [11]. An estimated amount of more than 450 mm yr −1 irrigation water is required to maintain high crop yield under the conventional double cropping system [12], which dominatingly depends on pumping of groundwater, and there is no access to irrigation from the river source. Thus, the groundwater is almost the only source of irrigation [13]. In the last 20 years, sustained water pumping has adversely affected aquifers. Consequently, the groundwater leve...

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“…The interaction between water depths, levels of organic matter and soil mulch is significant, except for the foliar levels of N and S ( Table 3). The absorption of nutrients by plants is dependent upon a number of factors, such as the availability of these elements in the soil and appropriate humidity conditions, in function of most being absorbed at a greater proportion by the mass flow, which explains the significant effect of triple interaction, included in the crop yield (Kamaluldeen et al, 2014;Siyal et al, 2016). The exception of the statistical significance of N and S on this interaction may be the result from the spacing adopted in the experiment (1 × 0.4 m), which provided the closure of the entire area at 40 days after sowing, minimizing the effect of this factor.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of organic matter, irrigation and soil mulching on the nutritional status and productivity of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) in the semiarid region of Brazil

Barbosa¹,

Ferreira²,

Bertino³

et al. 2016

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L) is an important vegetable crop currently cultivated in many parts of the world. The adoption of management strategies to promote the nutritional status and crop productivity in semiarid regions of Brazil is still poorly studied. Thus, this experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of raising the level of organic matter in the soil, irrigation and soil mulching in the nutritional status and productivity of okra plant in the semiarid region of Brazil. In this study, the experimental design of randomized blocks in a factorial 5×2×2 was used, with four replications. The treatments were five rates of cattle manure, necessary for raising the levels of organic matter in the pits to 1.8, 2.62, 3.44, 4.26 and 5.08%, two water depths (50 and 100%) of crop evapotranspiration, and soil with and without mulch. The elevation of soil organic matter level until 5.08% in conjunction with the implementation of 100% of Evapotranspiration (ETc) water depth and the use of mulch on the soil favored the greatest absorption of nutrients and increased the productivity of okra plant.

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Alternate furrow irrigation can radically improve water productivity of okra

Cited by 26 publications

References 17 publications

Reducing water use by alternate-furrow irrigation with livestock wastewater reduces antibiotic resistance gene abundance in the rhizosphere but not in the non-rhizosphere

Reducing water use by alternate-furrow irrigation with livestock wastewater reduces antibiotic resistance gene abundance in the rhizosphere but not in the non-rhizosphere

Modeling Water and Nitrogen Balance of Different Cropping Systems in the North China Plain

Effect of organic matter, irrigation and soil mulching on the nutritional status and productivity of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) in the semiarid region of Brazil

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