Alternative feed resources and their effects on the quality of meat and milk from small ruminants

Vasta, Valeria; Nudda, Anna; Cannas, Antonello; Lanza, Massimiliano; Priolo, Alessandro

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2007.09.020

Cited by 242 publications

(175 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…Traditionally, producing and processing animals and plants for food for people and feed for animals result in many by-products and crop residues, which can be utilized as livestock feed (Molina-Alcaide and Yá ñ ez-Ruiz, 2008; Vasta et al, 2008). With the emergence of agrofuel production, another important source of by-products has appeared.…”

Section: Feeding and Nutrition Of Ruminants In The New Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability of ruminant agriculture in the new context: feeding strategies and features of animal adaptability into the necessary holistic approach

Bocquier

García

2010

Animal

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There are numerous recent studies highlighting sustainability problems for the development of ruminant production systems (RPS) while facing increasing human food necessities and global climate change. Despite the complexity of the context, in our view the main objectives of the ruminants' physiologist should be convergent for both industrialized (IC) and developing countries (DC) in a common and global strategy of advancing knowledge. In DC, this means improving the efficiency of RPS, taking into account the unique possibility of using rangelands. For IC settings, RPS should be revisited in terms of autonomy and environment-friendly feeding and managing practices. Assuming that competition for feed/food use is still a crucial criterion, future ruminant feeding systems (FeSyst) should preferably focus on lignocellulosic sources. According to biome distributions, and the recent increases in volumes of crop residues and their by-products, the annually renewed volumes of these biomasses are considerable. Therefore, we need to redesign our strategies for their efficient utilization at the local level. For this purpose, digestion processes and rumen functioning need to be better understood. The renewed vision of ruminal digestion through the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions is also a key aspect as it is an environmental demand that cannot be ignored. With regard to other ruminants' physiological functions, accumulated knowledge could be mobilized into an integrative approach that puts forward the adaptive capacities of animals to face variability in quantity and quality of supplied feeds. Basically, the reduction of inputs that were traditionally used to ensure FeSyst will need more flexible animals. In that sense, the concepts of homeostasis and teleophorhesis need to be updated and adapted to domestic species and breeds that were until now largely excluded from the dominant productive systems. In conclusion, a more holistic approach of research targets is required in which physiological functions and farmers' practices must converge and respond to each particular situation in an integral, dynamic and flexible conceptual perspective. From a scientific point of view, both for ICs and DCs, a broader range of experimental scenarios should be explored in order to arrive at innovative practices and solutions that respect environmental, ethical and economical issues. The clear challenge is to in evaluate the sustainability of RPSs. This includes, in our opinion, a strong interaction with other disciplines (multi-and trans-disciplinary conception), thus structuring new relevant indicators for the evaluation sustainability.

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Section: Feeding and Nutrition Of Ruminants In The New Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability of ruminant agriculture in the new context: feeding strategies and features of animal adaptability into the necessary holistic approach

Bocquier

García

2010

Animal

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“…Bampidis & Robinson 8 reported that the inclusion of DCP up to level of 300g/kg of concentrate DM (about 110g/kg of dietary DM) as a replacement for grains, soybean meal, and wheat middlings in the diet of low productive dairy ewe did not affect milk yield or milk fat, protein, or lactose concentrations but modified milk fatty acids profile. Vasta et al 42 reported that CP can be used wet, dried or pelletted in the diet of dairy animals and overall, results suggest that substitution of corn grain, as well as several other high starch feeds with citrus BPF results in equal milk yield and composition in lactating ruminants. 43 …”

Section: Effects Of Citrus Pulp On Lactating Ruminantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using of Citrus By-products in Farm Animals Feeding

Alnaimy¹

2017

OAJS

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Conventional feedstuffs are often expensive and therefore the utilization of agroindustrial by-products as feedstuffs may be economically worthwhile. Ruminant feeding systems based on locally available by-product feedstuffs (BPF) are often a practical alternative because the rumen microbial ecosystem can utilize BPF which often contain high levels of structural fiber to meet their nutrient requirements for maintenance, growth, reproduction and production. Citrus by-product includes numerous BPF which varies according to the originating crop and method of production that is an important component of ruminant feeding systems in many areas of the world. Citrus pulp is the residues of citrus juice canning industry. Oranges, tangerines, lemons or grapefruits are used for this purpose but the common raw material for juice industry elsewhere in the world is orange fruit (Citrus sinensis). Citrus pulp is the solid residue that remains after fresh fruits are squeezed into juice. Citrus Pulp is the dried residue of peel, pulp and seeds of oranges, grapefruit and other citrus fruit.The nutritional value of citrus pulp is high owing to its high content of readily fermentable carbohydrates and contains a variety of energy substrates for ruminal microbes, including both soluble carbohydrates and a readily digestible neutral detergent fiber (NDF) fraction. Therefore, when citrus BPF substituted for starchy feeds, NDF and acid detergent fiber (ADF) digestibility coefficients are increased. Dried citrus pulp is also a valuable feed for beef and growing cattle and can partly replace energy sources safely included in rations at 20-30% of the DM possible to include up to 40% dried citrus pulp in the diets of fattening cattle without altering animal health. To increase the usefulness of citrus pulp it can be preserved by drying which can been used as the main energy source for beef cattle and heifers up to 45% has been used in calf rations but should not be used at high levels for milking cows as milk production tends to decrease. In addition, the liquid obtained from pressing citrus waste with 9 to 15percent soluble solids, of which 60 to 75percent are sugars can be concentrated to become citrus molasses.

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“…The use of concentrates in the diet is associated with an increase in the rumen efficiency of fermentation of poor forages because it promotes the growth of specific rumen microorganisms required for excellent degradation (FAO, duced ingredients, which can substitute for the soybean meal and corn. The incorporation of local legumes can improve sheep production as reported with faba bean (Vicia faba) (Rouissi et al, 2008;Vasta et al, 2008;Bonanno et al, 2015) or have no deleterious effects on performance as reported with field pea (Pisum sativum) (Vasta et al, 2008). Few studies have focused on the substitution of soybean meal in the feed of lactating ewes and their relative effects on rumen fermentation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of total replacement of soybean meal and corn on ruminal fermentation, volatile fatty acids, protozoa concentration, and gas production

et al. 2018

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Abstract. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of total replacement of soybean meal and corn with triticale and faba bean or field pea on rumen fermentation, protozoa counts, and gas production of lactating ewes.A total of 30 Sicilo-Sarde ewes were randomly allocated into three groups and were fed 1.8 kg drymatter of oat hay plus 500 g of one of three concentrates: the first concentrate (CS) was mainly composed of soybean meal, corn, and barley; the second (TFB) was formed by triticale and faba bean; and the third (TFP) was composed of triticale and field pea.The type of concentrate did not affect ruminal pH or ammonia nitrogen concentration (P > 0.05). The individual concentrations of volatile fatty acids showed a significant interaction between the type of concentrate and sampling time (P < 0.05), except for Butyric and Isobutyric acids. Within a post-feeding time, the pattern of evolution of total volatile fatty, acetic, and propionic acids differed significantly at 2 h post feeding (P < 0.05), while butyric and valeric acid changed at 0 and 4 h post feeding. The type of concentrate affected the total number of ciliate protozoa and the Isotricha species (P < 0.05), whereas Entodinium, Ophryoscolex, and Polyplastron were similar among concentrates (P > 0.05). The cumulative gas production from the in vitro fermentation, the time of incubation, and their interaction was affected by concentrate (P < 0.001). The substitution of soybean meal and corn in the concentrate with faba bean or field peas and triticale might maintain rumen parameters of dairy ewes.

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Alternative feed resources and their effects on the quality of meat and milk from small ruminants

Cited by 242 publications

References 107 publications

Sustainability of ruminant agriculture in the new context: feeding strategies and features of animal adaptability into the necessary holistic approach

Sustainability of ruminant agriculture in the new context: feeding strategies and features of animal adaptability into the necessary holistic approach

Using of Citrus By-products in Farm Animals Feeding

Effects of total replacement of soybean meal and corn on ruminal fermentation, volatile fatty acids, protozoa concentration, and gas production

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