Alveolar bone loss associated with vertical root fractures

Siskin, Milton; Lommel, Tennyson J.; Meister, Frank; Gerstein, Harold; Davies, EH; Tilk, Mary Ann

doi:10.1016/s0030-4220(78)80015-2

Cited by 60 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…These may be observed on radiographs as diffuse widening of periodontal ligament,[17] dislodgement of retro-filling material,[19] vertical bone loss [Figure 1b],[20] separation of root fragments[21] or displacement of apical portions of root. [22] Presence of ‘radiographic halo’ has been shown as a major finding in cases of vertical root fractures.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The in-vivo studies included case reports[7891011171819202122232425262728293031323334353637] clinical surveys[38394041] and review articles[119424344] and a histological study. [45] The titles and abstracts of all identified articles were screened to determine the relevance of each study with regards to the diagnosis, contributing factors and management of vertical root fracture.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vertical root fractures and their management

et al. 2014

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Vertical root fractures associated with endodontically treated teeth and less commonly in vital teeth represent one of the most difficult clinical problems to diagnose and treat. In as much as there are no specific symptoms, diagnosis can be difficult. Clinical detection of this condition by endodontists is becoming more frequent, where as it is rather underestimated by the general practitioners. Since, vertical root fractures almost exclusively involve endodontically treated teeth; it often becomes difficult to differentiate a tooth with this condition from an endodontically failed one or one with concomitant periodontal involvement. Also, a tooth diagnosed for vertical root fracture is usually extracted, though attempts to reunite fractured root have been done in various studies with varying success rates. Early detection of a fractured root and extraction of the tooth maintain the integrity of alveolar bone for placement of an implant. Cone beam computed tomography has been shown to be very accurate in this regard. This article focuses on the diagnostic and treatment strategies, and discusses about predisposing factors which can be useful in the prevention of vertical root fractures.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical root fractures and their management

et al. 2014

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“…In addition to root amputation, hemisection and extraction [82,83], VRFs have been treated via various intraoral and extraoral methods [24,32,33,36,72,84,85]. According to the extent and location of the fracture, different treatment strategies have been reported to preserve the tooth.…”

Section: Treatment and Prevention Of Vrfsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical Root Fracture in Non-Endodontically and Endodontically Treated Teeth: Current Understanding and Future Challenge

Liao

Chen

Pan

et al. 2021

JPM

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A vertical root fracture (VRF) is a complex complication that usually leads to tooth extraction. The aim of this article is to review the prevalence, demography, distribution, diagnostic methods, etiology and predisposing factors, clinical features, radiographic characteristics and treatment strategies of VRFs in non-endodontically treated teeth (VRFNETT) and endodontically treated teeth (VRFETT). Search terms for each subject related to VRFNETT and VRFETT were entered into MEDLINE, PubMed and Google Scholar. Systematic reviews, retrospective cohort studies, demographic research, clinical studies, case reports and case series were reviewed. Most of the VRFs were found in patients older than 40 years old. Older populations were discovered in the non-endodontically treated VRF group when compared to the endodontically treated VRF group. Male patients were found at a greater prevalence than females in the non-endodontically treated VRF group. The initial occurrence of a VRF may accompany radiolucent lines within the root canal, unusual space between the canal wall and intracanal material, a widening of the PDL space along the periradicular surfaces, angular bony destruction, step-like bone defects, V-shaped diffuse bone defects, or root resorptions corresponding to the fracture line before the clear separation of the fractured fragment. The indicative clinical and radiographic signs of VRF included a coronally positioned sinus tract, deep-narrow periodontal defects, the displacement of a fractured fragment, periradicular radiolucent halos and the widening of the root canal space. Interestingly, VRFNETT are more often observed in the Chinese population. Some patients with multiple VRFs were observed, suggesting possible predisposing factors in genetics and tooth development. The management of a VRF usually involves a multidisciplinary approach. The common distribution and features of VRFNETT and VRFETT were elucidated to facilitate recognition and diagnosis. Besides extraction, variable therapeutic schemes, such as the repair of the VRF, root amputation and others reported in earlier literature, are available. A long-term prognosis study of the various therapeutic strategies is needed.

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Dental prostheses and tooth‐related factors

Ercoli

Caton

2018

Journal of Periodontology

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Objectives: This narrative review summarizes the current evidence about the role that the fabrication and presence of dental prostheses and tooth-related factors have on the initiation and progression of gingivitis and periodontitis.Findings: Placement of restoration margins within the junctional epithelium and supracrestal connective tissue attachment can be associated with gingival inflammation and, potentially, recession. The presence of fixed prostheses finish lines within the gingival sulcus or the wearing of partial, removable dental prostheses does not cause gingivitis if patients are compliant with self-performed plaque control and periodic maintenance. However, hypersensitivity reactions to the prosthesis dental material can be present. Procedures adopted for the fabrication of dental restorations and fixed prostheses have the potential to cause traumatic loss of periodontal supporting tissues. Tooth anatomic factors, root abnormalities, and fractures can act as plaque-retentive factors and increase the likelihood of gingivitis and periodontitis. Conclusions:Tooth anatomic factors, such as root abnormalities and fractures, and tooth relationships in the dental arch and with the opposing dentition can enhance plaque retention. Restoration margins located within the gingival sulcus do not cause gingivitis if patients are compliant with self-performed plaque control and periodic maintenance. Tooth-supported and/or tooth-retained restorations and their design, fabrication, delivery, and materials have often been associated with plaque retention and loss of attachment. Hypersensitivity reactions can occur to dental materials. Restoration margins placed within the junctional epithelium and supracrestal connective tissue attachment can be associated with inflammation and, potentially, recession. However, the evidence in several of the reviewed areas, especially related to the biologic mechanisms by which these factors affect the periodontium, is not conclusive. This highlights the need for additional well-controlled animal studies to elucidate biologic mechanisms, as well as longitudinal prospective human trials. Adequate periodontal assessment and treatment, appropriate instructions, and motivation in selfperformed plaque control and compliance to maintenance protocols appear to be the most important factors to limit or avoid potential negative effects on the periodontium caused by fixed and removable prostheses. K E Y W O R D Sanatomy, classification, dental prostheses, dental restorations, gingivitis, periodontitis, tooth The anatomy, position, and relationships of teeth within the dental arches are among the factors that have been associated 1 with plaque retention, gingivitis, and periodontitis. Factors related to the presence, design, fabrication, delivery, and materials of tooth-supported prostheses have been suggested to influence the periodontium, generally related to localized increases in plaque accumulation and, less often, to traumatic and allergic reactions to dental materials. This artic...

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Alveolar bone loss associated with vertical root fractures

Cited by 60 publications

References 3 publications

Vertical root fractures and their management

Vertical root fractures and their management

Vertical Root Fracture in Non-Endodontically and Endodontically Treated Teeth: Current Understanding and Future Challenge

Dental prostheses and tooth‐related factors

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