“Am I really alive?”: Understanding the role of homophobia, biphobia and transphobia in young LGBT+ people's suicidal distress

Marzetti, Hazel; McDaid, Lisa; O’Connor, Rory C.

doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.114860

Cited by 36 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…The findings indicate that between 12% and 16% of the variance in STB prevalence was attributable to differences between strata. This is a notable proportion of variance to be explained by intersectional stratification and suggests that structural processes (eg, sexism, heterosexism, racism, and health care access inequities)—not just individual-level processes (eg, emotion regulation)—may be important contributors to the social patterning of STBs. To best mitigate inequities, the psychiatry field must expand suicide prevention efforts beyond individual-level risk processes by considering and directly intervening on structural contributors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MAIHDA is a bayesian multilevel modeling method that nests individuals within social strata defined by intersectional identities. Clustering by social strata operationalizes the assumption that people within the strata are exposed to a common set of social structures (eg, sexism, racism) that might be associated with differing degrees of STB risk and/or resilience . MAIHDA allows for comparison of outcome prevalence for every social stratum (ie, for every combination of advantaged or disadvantaged identities) and has been described as “an analytical standard in epidemiology” for quantitative intersectionality research .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intersectional Prevalence of Suicide Ideation, Plan, and Attempt Based on Gender, Sexual Orientation, Race and Ethnicity, and Rurality

et al. 2023

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ImportanceSuicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) are major public health problems, and some social groups experience disproportionate STB burden. Studies assessing STB inequities for single identities (eg, gender or sexual orientation) cannot evaluate intersectional differences and do not reflect that the causes of inequities are due to structural-level (vs individual-level) processes.ObjectiveTo examine differences in STB prevalence at the intersection of gender, sexual orientation, race and ethnicity, and rurality.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study used adult data from the 2015-2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), a population-based sample of noninstitutionalized US civilians. Data were analyzed from July 2022 to March 2023.Main Outcomes and MeasuresOutcomes included past-year suicide ideation, plan, and attempt, each assessed with a single question developed for the NSDUH. Intersectional multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy (MAIHDA) models were estimated, in which participants were nested within social strata defined by all combinations of gender, sexual orientation, race and ethnicity, and rurality; outcome prevalence estimates were obtained for each social stratum. Social strata were conceptualized as proxies for exposure to structural forms of discrimination that contribute to health advantages or disadvantages (eg, sexism, racism).ResultsThe analytic sample included 189 800 adults, of whom 46.5% were men; 53.5%, women; 4.8%, bisexual; 93.0%, heterosexual; 2.2%, lesbian or gay; 18.8%, Hispanic; 13.9%, non-Hispanic Black; and 67.2%, non-Hispanic White. A total of 44.6% were from large metropolitan counties; 35.5%, small metropolitan counties; and 19.9%, nonmetropolitan counties. There was a complex social patterning of STB prevalence that varied across social strata and was indicative of a disproportionate STB burden among multiply marginalized participants. Specifically, the highest estimated STB prevalence was observed among Hispanic (suicide ideation: 18.1%; 95% credible interval [CrI], 13.5%-24.3%) and non-Hispanic Black (suicide plan: 7.9% [95% CrI, 4.5%-12.1%]; suicide attempt: 3.3% [95% CrI, 1.4%-6.2%]) bisexual women in nonmetropolitan counties.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional study, intersectional exploratory analyses revealed that STB prevalence was highest among social strata including multiply marginalized individuals (eg, Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black bisexual women) residing in more rural counties. The findings suggest that considering and intervening in both individual-level (eg, psychiatric disorders) and structural-level (eg, structural discrimination) processes may enhance suicide prevention and equity efforts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intersectional Prevalence of Suicide Ideation, Plan, and Attempt Based on Gender, Sexual Orientation, Race and Ethnicity, and Rurality

et al. 2023

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“…Cleary (2020), for instance, argues that some gay men she interviewed attempted suicide because they were not able to access relationships without endangering their positions in other relevant fields within an Irish cultural context. Such horizontal disjunctures may also be observed in the study by Marzetti et al (2022). The authors narrate how heteronormative expectations underpin social interactions in the family and school fields, giving rise to queerphobic responses to young people's LGBTþ identity.…”

Section: The Hysteresis Effectmentioning

confidence: 81%

Why (not) suicide: Habitus in hysteresis and the space of possibles

Doblytė

2022

European Journal of Social Theory

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Sociological theory on the phenomenon of suicide continues to rely heavily upon the Durkheimian perspective. While such accounts are valuable additions to the field, engagement with alternative theoretical traditions may likewise be stimulating and provide distinct concepts to delve into the issue. This article contributes to expanding sociological understanding of suicide by drawing upon Pierre Bourdieu’s theory, a relatively untapped resource in the study of suicide. I suggest that the concept of hysteresis – a mismatch between embodied and objectified structures – enables an understanding of under what circumstances agents may become vulnerable to suicide. I then theorise how socioeconomic, political, and cultural dynamics may deepen the hysteresis effect and increase the chances that individuals in specific social positions experience it. Finally, I argue that individuals’ responses to such distress depend on their space of possibles: the culturally laden idea of suicide and alternatives to it.

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“…This could limit the homogeneity of the sample. Transgender men might share different accounts based on discriminatory experiences and challenges specific to a transgender identity (Marzetti et al, 2022; McDowell, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“I wasn’t feeling like I belonged in my skin”: How self‐identified gay men in theUKexperience unhelpful incidents in talking therapy¹

Televantos

Strauss

2022

Couns and Psychother Res

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Background Contemporary psychological research and practice in Western Societies oppose pathologising perspectives about same‐sex attraction. Nonetheless, recent research indicates gay men may still experience unhelpful incidents in talking therapy in relation to their sexual/affectional orientation. Research focusing on how self‐identified gay men (SIGM) experience these unhelpful incidents, however, remains sparse. Aim The objective of the present study is to offer insight into the phenomenon of unhelpful experiences of SIGM clients in relation to their sexual/affectional orientation. Method The data were collected through individual, semi‐structured interviews of six SIGM (aged 25–57), describing how they currently experience these unhelpful incidents. This study employed Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) to capture the lived experiences and sense‐making of the participants. Findings The following three Master Themes were identified: (1) Making Sense of Disconnection, (2) A Rejecting Therapy for a Gay Individual, and (3) Understanding the Impact of Unhelpful Incidents Outside Therapy. The unhelpful experiences of SIGM clients appeared to be largely coloured by the sense of disconnection they felt from their therapists. These followed an experience of therapy that they felt did not acknowledge or embrace their individual gay identity. Participants relayed how these experiences impacted their lives outside therapy. Despite the significant and lasting negative impact, however, all imparted a sense of managing to move on to some extent. Conclusions The present research could encourage therapists and researchers to continue pursuing and embracing helpful ways of working therapeutically with SIGM and other sexual, gender and intersecting identities.

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“Am I really alive?”: Understanding the role of homophobia, biphobia and transphobia in young LGBT+ people's suicidal distress

Cited by 36 publications

References 45 publications

Intersectional Prevalence of Suicide Ideation, Plan, and Attempt Based on Gender, Sexual Orientation, Race and Ethnicity, and Rurality

Intersectional Prevalence of Suicide Ideation, Plan, and Attempt Based on Gender, Sexual Orientation, Race and Ethnicity, and Rurality

Why (not) suicide: Habitus in hysteresis and the space of possibles

“I wasn’t feeling like I belonged in my skin”: How self‐identified gay men in theUKexperience unhelpful incidents in talking therapy¹

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“Am I really alive?”: Understanding the role of homophobia, biphobia and transphobia in young LGBT+ people's suicidal distress

Cited by 36 publications

References 45 publications

Intersectional Prevalence of Suicide Ideation, Plan, and Attempt Based on Gender, Sexual Orientation, Race and Ethnicity, and Rurality

Intersectional Prevalence of Suicide Ideation, Plan, and Attempt Based on Gender, Sexual Orientation, Race and Ethnicity, and Rurality

Why (not) suicide: Habitus in hysteresis and the space of possibles

“I wasn’t feeling like I belonged in my skin”: How self‐identified gay men in theUKexperience unhelpful incidents in talking therapy1

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“I wasn’t feeling like I belonged in my skin”: How self‐identified gay men in theUKexperience unhelpful incidents in talking therapy¹