Ambient insect pressure and recipient genotypes determine fecundity of transgenic crop‐weed rice hybrid progeny: Implications for environmental biosafety assessment

Xia, Hui; Zhang, Hongbin; Wei, Wang; Yang, Xiao; Wang, Zhen; Su, Jun; Xia, Hanbing; Xu, Kai; Cai, Xiaojing; Lu, Bao‐Rong

doi:10.1111/eva.12369

Cited by 15 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Environmental risk assessment of insect-resistant transgenic rice must be rigorous and include evaluations of weediness (Xia et al, 2011; Jiang et al, 2016), foreign gene excursions (Chen et al, 2004; Xia et al, 2016), hybrid progeny fitness effects (Yang et al, 2015) and other factors. It must be determined whether the escaped exogenous genes can survive in the local natural ecosystem or radiate beyond it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fitness Cost of Transgenic cry1Ab/c Rice Under Saline-Alkaline Soil Condition

Song

Liu

et al. 2018

Front. Plant Sci.

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The environmental release and biosafety of transgenic Bt crops have attracted global attention. China has a large area of saline-alkali land, which is ideal for large-scale production of Bt transgenic rice. Therefore an understanding of the fitness of Bt transgenic rice in saline-alkaline soils and the ability to predict its long-term environmental effects are important for the future sustainable use of these crops. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the fitness of cry1Ab/c transgenic rice in both farmland and natural ecosystems. Transgenic cry1Ab/c rice Huahui1, for which a national biosafety certificate was obtained, was grown on normal farmland and saline-alkaline soils in a glass greenhouse. The expression pattern of exogenous Cry1Ab/c protein, and vegetative and reproductive fitness of rice were assessed. The expression of the exogenous Cry1Ab/c protein in the transgenic rice grown on saline-alkaline soil was lower than that in the strain grown on farmland soil. Under both the soil conditions, vegetative growth abilities, as evaluated by tiller number and biomass, and reproductive growth abilities, as measured by filled grain number and filled grain weight per plant, showed a significantly higher fitness cost for Huahui1 than that for the parental rice Minghui63 grown under the same soil conditions. In saline-alkaline soil, the fitness cost of Huahui1was moderately higher than that of Minghui63. Therefore, the ecological risk of cry1Ab/c transgenic rice is not expected to be higher than that of parental rice Minghui63 if the former escapes into natural saline-alkaline soil. The results of the present study provide a scientific basis to improve environmental safety assessment of the insect-resistant transgenic rice strain Huahui1 before commercialization.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fitness Cost of Transgenic cry1Ab/c Rice Under Saline-Alkaline Soil Condition

Song

Liu

et al. 2018

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…, , ; Xia et al. ). However, the same transgenes do not confer such a benefit to the hybrid progeny under low‐insect pressure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, other factors such as the genetic background of weedy rice populations that have obtained the transgenes may also influence the fitness effects of a particular transgene (Xia et al. ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…; Xia et al. ). Insect pressure is significantly reduced in the field experimental plots where the transgenic and nontransgenic hybrid plants are mixed alternately.…”

Section: Fitness and Evolutionary Dynamics: Field Performance Of Tranmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…, ; Xia et al. ). Therefore, three types of characteristics should be carefully used when estimating the potential short‐term evolutionary dynamics and long‐term ecological impacts of a transgene that has been incorporated in weedy/wild populations: (i) possible positive or negative fitness changes associated with a particular transgene when any intended selective pressure is absent (e.g.…”

Section: Fitness and Evolutionary Dynamics: Field Performance Of Tranmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fitness correlates of crop transgene flow into weedy populations: a case study of weedy rice in China and other examples

Yang

Ellstrand

2016

Evolutionary Applications

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Whether transgene flow from crops to cross‐compatible weedy relatives will result in negative environmental consequences has been the topic of discussion for decades. An important component of environmental risk assessment depends on whether an introgressed transgene is associated with a fitness change in weedy populations. Several crop‐weed pairs have received experimental attention. Perhaps, the most worrisome example is transgene flow from genetically engineered cultivated rice, a staple for billions globally, to its conspecific weed, weedy rice. China's cultivated/weedy rice system is one of the best experimentally studied systems under field conditions for assessing how the presence of transgenes alters the weed's fitness and the likely impacts of that fitness change. Here, we present the cultivated/weedy rice system as a case study on the consequences of introgressed transgenes in unmanaged populations. The experimental work on this system reveals considerable variation in fitness outcomes ‐ increased, decreased, and none ‐ based on the transgenic trait, its introgressed genomic background, and the environment. A review of similar research from a sample of other crop‐wild pairs suggests such variation is the rule. We conclude such variation in fitness correlates supports the case‐by‐case method of biosafety regulation is sound.

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The role of intraspecific crop–weed hybridization in the evolution of weediness and invasiveness: Cultivated and weedy radish (Raphanus sativus) as a case study

Vercellino,

Hernández,

Presotto

2023

American J of Botany

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PremiseThe phenotype of hybrids between a crop and its wild or weed counterpart is usually intermediate and maladapted compared to that of their parents; however, hybridization has sometimes been associated with increased fitness, potentially leading to enhanced weediness and invasiveness. Since the ecological context and maternal genetic effects may affect hybrid fitness, they could influence the evolutionary outcomes of hybridization. Here, we evaluated the performance of first‐generation crop–weed hybrids of Raphanus sativus and their parents in two contrasting ecological conditions.MethodsUsing experimental hybridization and outdoor common garden experiments, we assessed differences in time to flowering, survival to maturity, plant biomass, and reproductive components between bidirectional crop–weed hybrids and their parents in agrestal (wheat cultivation, fertilization, weeding) and ruderal (human‐disturbed, uncultivated area) conditions over 2 years.ResultsCrop, weeds, and bidirectional hybrids overlapped at least partially during the flowering period, indicating a high probability of gene flow. Hybrids survived to maturity at rates at least as successful as their parents and had higher plant biomass and fecundity, which resulted in higher fitness compared to their parents in both environments, without any differences associated with the direction of the hybridization.ConclusionsIntraspecific crop–weed hybridization, regardless of the cross direction, has the potential to promote weediness in weedy R. sativus in agrestal and ruderal environments, increasing the chances for introgression of crop alleles into weed populations. This is the first report of intraspecific crop–weed hybridization in R. sativus.

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Ambient insect pressure and recipient genotypes determine fecundity of transgenic crop‐weed rice hybrid progeny: Implications for environmental biosafety assessment

Cited by 15 publications

References 53 publications

Fitness Cost of Transgenic cry1Ab/c Rice Under Saline-Alkaline Soil Condition

Fitness Cost of Transgenic cry1Ab/c Rice Under Saline-Alkaline Soil Condition

Fitness correlates of crop transgene flow into weedy populations: a case study of weedy rice in China and other examples

The role of intraspecific crop–weed hybridization in the evolution of weediness and invasiveness: Cultivated and weedy radish (Raphanus sativus) as a case study

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