Ambient PM10 concentrations from wood combustion – Emission modeling and dispersion calculation for the city area of Augsburg, Germany

Brandt, C.; Kunde, R.; Dobmeier, Bernhard; Schnelle-Kreis, Jürgen; Orasche, Jürgen; Schmoeckel, G.; Diemer, J.; Zimmermann, Ralf; Gaderer, Matthias

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.01.075

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…It is worth noting that the RF method is the best for UVPM and eBC prediction; however, for eBrC, it is poor, which may be caused by the source of eBrC. Previous studies have shown that wood combustion in Germany is frequently used for leisure . We therefore estimated that eBrC can be associated with smoke from the smoldering phase of wood combustion and leisure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have shown that wood combustion in Germany is frequently used for leisure. 55 We therefore estimated that eBrC can be associated with smoke from the smoldering phase of wood combustion and leisure. However, during the sampling process, the camera did not collect relevant information (e.g., wood combustion).…”

Section: Association Of Bc Concentrations and Potential Driving Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatiotemporal Characteristics and Driving Factors of Black Carbon in Augsburg, Germany: Combination of Mobile Monitoring and Street View Images

Liu

Zhang

Schnelle-Kreis

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The study investigates the spatial pattern of black carbon (BC) at a high spatial resolution in Augsburg, Germany. Sixty two walks were performed to assess the concentrations of equivalent black carbon (eBC), ultraviolet particulate matter (UVPM), and equivalent brown carbon (eBrC) in different seasons and at different times of the day with a mobile platform (i.e., trolley). Along with BC measurements, images of street microenvironments were recorded. Meteorological parameters, including temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed, were monitored. The BC concentrations showed significant spatial heterogeneity and diurnal variations peaking in the morning and at night. The highest BC concentrations were observed near dense traffic. The correlations between BC and street views (buildings, roads, cars, and vegetation) were weak but highly significant. Moreover, meteorological factors also influenced the BC concentration. A model based on street view images and meteorological data was developed to examine the driving factors of the spatial variability of BC concentrations at a higher spatial resolution as different microenvironments based on traffic density. The best results were obtained for UVPM and eBC (71 and 70% explained variability). eBrC (53%), to which other sources besides road traffic can also make significant contributions, is modeled less well.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Association Of Bc Concentrations and Potential Driving Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Characteristics and Driving Factors of Black Carbon in Augsburg, Germany: Combination of Mobile Monitoring and Street View Images

Liu

Zhang

Schnelle-Kreis

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Residential combustion of solid biomasses, typically wood, is an important source of energy for domestic heating in many areas of the world, and there is a current interest to further increase the share of renewable biomass-based fuels due to their carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) neutrality. Residential combustion appliances have been studied widely over the past years and have been identified as an important source of both gaseous and fine particle emissions, − having a major effect on the air quality. − Emission factors (i.e., emissions normalized to fuel usage) from residential combustion appliances vary greatly. − Emissions are affected, e.g., by combustion technology, operational practices, and fuel quality. , Combustion emissions at a residential scale are far less regulated than in large units, and the emission characteristics differ considerably between large and residential scales. , Moreover, numerous studies have shown the detrimental effects of fine particles in the atmosphere, on both the environment and human health. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operation and Emissions of a Hybrid Stove Fueled by Pellets and Log Wood

et al. 2017

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Small-scale wood combustion in wood-log fired appliances is commonly used for heat production in residential buildings, leading to significant particle and gaseous emissions and impaired air quality. Thus, there is a need for effective emission reduction methods for residential wood combustion. In this work, the operation and emissions of a novel hybrid stove, i.e., a slow heat releasing appliance capable of using both wood pellets and log wood as fuel, were studied. While log wood operation in this stove represents conventional combustion technology, the operation and emission performance of the pellet burner system is demonstrated for the first time. Particle and gaseous emissions were carefully characterized under various operating conditions, including real-time measurements of particle mass, number, and size, as well as analyses of the particulate chemical composition of filter samples. The use of pellet fuel decreased the fine particle emissions by 92% and the CO emissions by 65% compared with the log wood combustion. Operational practices in the log wood combustion affected the gaseous emissions but only had a minor effect on the particle emissions. The fine particle emissions from the pellet combustion were mostly comprised of elemental carbon (soot) particles. The real time measurements showed that most of the particle emissions were formed after ignition, for both fuels, whereas the end of combustion proved to be important for carbon monoxide emissions. This study shows that the novel pellet batch burner used in a hybrid stove can be used as an effective low-cost solution to reduce the emissions from residential wood combustion. The advantage of this system is that it requires no automation and thus an electricity supply is not required.

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“…Within Germany, there has been an increase in pollutants, resultant from residential solid fuel combustion. However, this is due to the increasing number of wood stoves being installed for domestic heating, as the number of open fire places has been decreasing [31]. The reviewed articles suggest that the majority of residential solid fuel combustion is occurring during the evenings and weekends throughout the winter months.…”

Section: Seasonality Of Residential Solid Fuel Burningmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Literature on Residential Solid Fuel Burning, and Consequently the Implications of Meeting the European 2050 Low-Carbon Targets

Rainey¹,

Vaganay²,

MacIntyre³

2016

GEP

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This paper is intended to source literature, identifying the adverse impacts on human health, from the pollutants released from residential burning from both fossil fuel and biomass sources. The literature sourced was ascertained through the conduction of a systematic literature review. The author assessed peer-reviewed English language articles, which had been published within the last five years. The studies reviewed indicated a clear increase in the burning of residential solid fuels. The findings suggest that residential solid fuel combustion is occurring in developed countries, primarily as a secondary source of heating during the winter months. The study concluded that similarly to bituminous coal, the domestic burning of wood also had adverse effects on human health. The intentions of UK Climate Change Act 2008 are to achieve an 80% reduction by the year 2050 in the net carbon account from the 1990 baseline. It is recommended for countries to meet the European 2050 targets, long-term measures need to be adopted. This includes switching from residential solid fuel burning to heating methods such as oil and gas, which are necessary in improving overall air quality and public health.

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Ambient PM10 concentrations from wood combustion – Emission modeling and dispersion calculation for the city area of Augsburg, Germany

Cited by 17 publications

References 11 publications

Spatiotemporal Characteristics and Driving Factors of Black Carbon in Augsburg, Germany: Combination of Mobile Monitoring and Street View Images

Spatiotemporal Characteristics and Driving Factors of Black Carbon in Augsburg, Germany: Combination of Mobile Monitoring and Street View Images

Operation and Emissions of a Hybrid Stove Fueled by Pellets and Log Wood

A Review of Literature on Residential Solid Fuel Burning, and Consequently the Implications of Meeting the European 2050 Low-Carbon Targets

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