Ambiental volatile organic compounds in the megacity of São Paulo

Martins, Leila Droprinchinski; Andrade, María de Fátima; Ynoue, Rita Yuri; Albuquerque, Édler Lins de; Tomaz, Edson; Vasconcellos, Pérola de Castro

doi:10.1590/s0100-40422008000800018

Cited by 26 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…alkenes) are major precursors of ozone formation (Atkinson, 2000;Jacob, 2000), and that every A reduction in VOC concentrations was also observed for aldehydes (Martins et al, 2008c;Nogueira et al, 2014, Nogueira et al, 2015b emissions by new cars has also contributed to that reduction (Nogueira et al, 2015a).…”

Section: Ozone Precursorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air quality in the megacity of São Paulo: Evolution over the last 30 years and future perspectives

Andrade

Kumar

Freitas

et al. 2017

Atmospheric Environment

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237

185

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Section: Ozone Precursorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air quality in the megacity of São Paulo: Evolution over the last 30 years and future perspectives

Andrade

Kumar

Freitas

et al. 2017

Atmospheric Environment

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237

185

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“…The precursors of ozone are primary pollutants emitted by different processes such as combustion (anthropogenic and natural) and biogenic (from vegetation) from many sources, but in a highly urbanized environment such as MASP, the majority of these pollutants come mainly from the vehicular sources (Andrade et al 2012;CETESB 2014;Gaffney and Marley 2009;Nogueira et al 2015;Ibarra-Espinosa et al 2018). In urban areas, where the VOC-limited photochemical regimes have usually encountered, the photochemical reactions involving non-methane volatile compounds (NMVOC) are considered as one of the major precursors of ozone (Fujita et al 2003;Qin et al 2004;Silva Júnior et al 2009), which is also the case of São Paulo Macrometropolis (Andrade et al 2017;Martins et al 2008;Orlando et al 2010).…”

Section: Daily Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A two decades study on ozone variability and trend over the main urban areas of the São Paulo state, Brazil

Schuch

Freitas

Espinosa

et al. 2019

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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In this paper, we analyze the variability of the ozone concentration over São Paulo Macrometropolis, as well the factors, which determined the tendency observed in the last two decades. Time series of hourly ozone concentrations measured at 16 automated stations from an air quality network from 1996 to 2017 were analyzed. The temporal variability of ozone concentrations exhibits well-defined daily and seasonal patterns. Ozone presents a significant positive correlation between the number of cases (thresholds of 100-160 μg m −3 ) and the fuel sales of gasohol and diesel. The ozone concentrations do not exhibit significant long-term trends, but some sites present positive trends that occurs in sites in the proximity of busy roads and negative trends that occurs in sites located in residential areas or next to trees. The effect of atmospheric process of transport and ozone formation was analyzed using a quantile regression model (QRM). This statistical model can deal with the nonlinearities that appear in the relationship of ozone and other variables and is applicable to time series with non-normal distribution. The resulting model explains 0.76% of the ozone concentration variability (with global coefficient of determination R 1 = 0.76) providing a better representation than an ordinary least square regression model (with coefficient of determination R 2 = 0.52); the effect of radiation and temperature are the most critical in determining the highest ozone quantiles.

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“…[32][33][34][35][36][37][38] For example, Vasconcellos et al 39 recently performed a comparative study of the atmospheric chemical composition of Bogotá, Buenos Aires and São Paulo Cities and found that samples from São Paulo showed the highest concentrations of species analyzed on PM 10 (n-alkanes, water-soluble ions, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, metals and metalloids) among all the sites. Also, Gioda et al 40 performed studies concerning chemical composition, sources, solubility and transport of aerosol trace elements in Rio de Janeiro City.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size-segregated particulate matter and carboxylic acids over urban and rural sites in Londrina City, Brazil

Freitas¹,

Martins

Solci³

2012

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Amostragens simultâneas de material particulado (PM) de 0,25 a 10 mm foram realizadas entre os meses de março e abril de 2007 em área urbana e rural de Londrina (Paraná). Os resultados indicaram que o material particulado fino (PM 2,5 ) representa uma significativa porção da massa de material particulado PM 10 (70 e 67% na área urbana e rural, respectivamente). Ácidos dicarboxílicos foram encontrados em maior concentração respondendo por 78% e 69% da massa de PM 2,5 na área urbana e rural, respectivamente, sendo que o oxalato e succinato foram os mais abundantes. A distribuição de massa do oxalato em área urbana apresentou picos dominantes em 0,25-0,5 µm. A razão de massa de acetato e formato indicou as emissões veiculares primarias como fonte dominante de ácidos carboxílicos em Londrina. Além disso, análises das trajetórias indicaram a ocorrência de transporte de poluentes do estado de São Paulo para a região de estudo.Samplings of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) from 0.25 to 10 µm were performed between the months of March and April 2007, simultaneously in urban and rural areas of Londrina City (Paraná State, Brazil). Results indicated that the fine fraction (PM 2.5 ) represents a significant portion of the PM 10 mass (70 and 67% in urban and rural areas, respectively). Dicarboxylic acids were found in larger concentration, contributing to the PM 2.5 fraction with 78% in urban and 69% in rural areas, being oxalate and succinate the most abundant species. Mass size distribution of oxalate in urban site was presented as the dominant mode, with peaks at 0.25-0.5 µm. Acetate-to-formate mass ratio indicated the primary vehicular emissions as dominant source of carboxylic acids in Londrina. Moreover, backward trajectories indicated the transport of pollutants from São Paulo State to Londrina region.Keywords: size-segregated particulate matter, carboxylic acids, PM 2.5 , urban and rural aerosols IntroductionThe occurrence and abundance of carboxylic acids in atmospheric particulate matter (PM) depend on meteorological conditions and characteristics of the ambient. The carboxylic acids represent a major fraction of the organic acids present in the atmospheric particulate matter. Among them, the oxalic acid has been the main species, followed by succinic and malonic acids. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Mono-and di-carboxylic acids are important groups of organic compounds identified in the atmospheric particles. 7,8 Formic and acetic acids, the dominant species of organic acids in tropospheric aqueous and gaseous phases, are also ubiquitous in aerosol particles. Oxalic acid has been detected as the major fraction of water-soluble organic compounds in urban, rural and even in remote areas. [3][4][5][6] Since carboxylic acids are highly water-soluble, they have the potential to modify the hygroscopic properties of atmospheric particles, including their ambient size and cloud condensation nuclei activity. 9,10 Weak organic acids could contribute ca. 40 and 60% to the free acidity in precipitation in urban and remote areas, respe...

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Ambiental volatile organic compounds in the megacity of São Paulo

Cited by 26 publications

References 17 publications

Air quality in the megacity of São Paulo: Evolution over the last 30 years and future perspectives

Air quality in the megacity of São Paulo: Evolution over the last 30 years and future perspectives

A two decades study on ozone variability and trend over the main urban areas of the São Paulo state, Brazil

Size-segregated particulate matter and carboxylic acids over urban and rural sites in Londrina City, Brazil

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