American Chemical Industry

Oliver, John W.; Haynes, Williams

doi:10.2307/1844898

The American Historical Review

1958

DOI: 10.2307/1844898

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American Chemical Industry

John W. Oliver¹,

Williams Haynes²

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1962

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Cited by 5 publications

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Domestic Markets and International Competitiveness: Generic and Product‐specific Competencies in the Engineering Sector

Arora

Gambardella

1997

Strat. Mgmt. J.

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This paper develops a theory of how the size of the domestic market shapes firm competencies. Our theory implies that large markets are beneficial even if factors such as economies of scale or learning effects are absent. We validate our model by an international comparison of the performance of firms that provide engineering services to the oil and petrochemical industry. We conclude that, relative to the United States, the competitiveness of European or Japanese industries is greater in activities whose underlying competencies are not product specific and can be utilized across a variety of products. The benefits of large markets are greatest for activities based on product‐specific competencies. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Domestic Markets and International Competitiveness: Generic and Product‐specific Competencies in the Engineering Sector

Arora

Gambardella

1997

Strat. Mgmt. J.

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A History of the Production and Use of Carbon Tetrachloride, Tetrachloroethylene, Trichloroethylene and 1,1,1-Trichloroethane in the United States: Part 1--Historical Background; Carbon Tetrachloride and Tetrachloroethylene

Doherty

2000

Environmental Forensics

237

115

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Carbon tetrachloride (CTC), tetrachloroethylene (PCE), trichloroethylene (TCE) and 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCA) were four of the most widely used cleaning and degreasing solvents in the United States. These compounds were also used in a wide variety of other applications. The history of the production and use of these four compounds is linked to the development and growth of the United States' synthetic organic chemical industry, and historical events that aected the development and use of chlorinated solvents in general. Part 1 of this article includes a discussion of the historical background common to each of the four solvents, followed by discussion on the history of CTC and PCE. In the early years of the 20th century, CTC became the ®rst of the four solvents to come into widespread use. CTC was used as a replacement for petroleum distillates in the dry-cleaning industry, but was later replaced by PCE. In the 1990s, CTC was phased out under the Montreal Protocol due to its role in stratospheric ozone depletion.# 2000 AEHS

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Taming the Microworld: DuPont and the Interwar Rise of Fundamental Industrial Research

Cerveaux¹

2013

tech

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This paper revisits the history of DuPont's fundamental research program during the interwar period. This program epitomized the new relationship between science and industry that unfolded in this period. Historians have largely portrayed this program as the emergence of university-style research in corporate environments, resulting in radical innovations like nylon and the transistor. Although at the corporate level fundamental research was conflated with pure science and radical innovation, a close examination of the colloid chemistry and physics groups, which have not undergone historians' scrutiny, reveals a different picture. A feeling of symbiosis between scientific and industrial or technological rationales was achieved through a deliberate strategy of materials improvement grounded in the exploration of their microscopic components. I call this process the "taming of the microworld."

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American Chemical Industry

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Domestic Markets and International Competitiveness: Generic and Product‐specific Competencies in the Engineering Sector

Domestic Markets and International Competitiveness: Generic and Product‐specific Competencies in the Engineering Sector

A History of the Production and Use of Carbon Tetrachloride, Tetrachloroethylene, Trichloroethylene and 1,1,1-Trichloroethane in the United States: Part 1--Historical Background; Carbon Tetrachloride and Tetrachloroethylene

Taming the Microworld: DuPont and the Interwar Rise of Fundamental Industrial Research

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