AMIC: An Expandable Front-End for Gamma-Ray Detectors With Light Distribution Analysis Capabilities

Bosch, Vicente; Lerche, Christoph; Spaggiari, M.; Aliaga, Ramón J.; Ferrando, N.; Colom-Palero, Ricardo

doi:10.1109/tns.2011.2152855

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…It consists of a monolithic CeBr 3 scintillating crystal coupled to a position-sensitive photomultiplier and an integrated circuit [22]. Using a lead pinhole collimator a series of dedicated measurements with calibrated sources and with a neutron beam incident on a 197 Au sample have been carried out at n TOF.…”

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confidence: 99%

Prospects for direct neutron capture measurements on s-process branching point isotopes

et al. 2017

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Abstract. The neutron capture cross sections of several unstable key isotopes acting as branching points in the s-process are crucial for stellar nucleosynthesis studies, but they are very challenging to measure directly due to the difficult production of sufficient sample material, the high activity of the resulting samples, and the actual (n, γ) measurement, where high neutron fluxes and effective background rejection capabilities are required. At present there are about 21 relevant s-process branching point isotopes whose cross section could not be measured yet over the neutron energy range of interest for astrophysics. However, the situation is changing with some very recent developments and upcoming technologies. This work introduces three techniques that will change the current paradigm in the field: the use of γ-ray imaging techniques in (n, γ) experiments, the production of moderated neutron beams using high-power lasers, and double capture experiments in Maxwellian neutron beams.Nucleosynthesis of the elements heavier than iron is driven mainly by neutron capture reactions in stars. Half of the total amount of elements between Cu and Bi in the solar system was produced in the slow neutron capture process (s-process) in He-burning layers of low-mass asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars and during the Heand C-burning phases of massive stars. The corresponding nucleosynthesis studies involve detailed stellar modelling constrained by spectroscopic observations and meteoritic stardust grains in which reliable information on the nuclear physics part, in particular on the basic nuclear data such as half-lives and neutron capture (n, γ) cross sections, constitutes an essential ingredient [1,2].The most crucial and difficult data to obtain in this respect are the stellar neutron capture (n, γ) cross sections of unstable isotopes, which are still very scarce or require substantial improvement. The importance of unstable isotopes is that they give rise to branchings in the s-process path due to the competition between β-decay and neutron capture, which depends on the neutron density, the Maxwellian Averaged Cross Section (MACS) and the mean thermal neutron velocity, i.e. the neutron energy a e-mail: carlos.guerrero@cern.ch distribution at a given temperature. In addition, both halflife and (n, γ) cross section values depend in some cases on the temperature of the stellar site because of the population of some levels above the ground state. This dependence has a sizable effect on s-process abundance calculations for some isotopes [3] and cannot be measured, so measurements have to be combined with models [4,5].Since the isotopic abundance pattern within a branching is sensitive to the neutron density and temperature, knowledge of the neutron capture cross section of the involved unstable isotope provides very valuable information on these parameters at the corresponding stellar site. One such example is the measurement of the 93 Zr(n, γ) cross section [6] which, in combination with spectroscopic observations and met...

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confidence: 99%

Prospects for direct neutron capture measurements on s-process branching point isotopes

et al. 2017

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“…Para la etapa integrada, el grupo de investigación en el que se ha desarrollado este trabajo ha propuesto dos aproximaciones distintas dando lugar a dos circuitos integrados diferentes: PESIC [56], [57] y AMIC [58], [59], [60]. Las dos tecnologías se encargan de reducir el número de señales analógicas de los 64ánodos de corriente que proporciona el PMT.…”

Section: Front-end Analógico -Etapa Integradaunclassified

“…Las señales del PSPMT de cada uno de los detectores son transformadas mediante un ASIC de procesado analógico (PESIC o AMIC) en un número reducido de señales que permiten obtener la posición, energía y la DOI [56,43,58,59].…”

Section: Banco De Pruebas Experimentalunclassified

Estudio e implementación de algoritmos digitales para la mejora de la resolución temporal en sistemas de tomografía por emisión de positrones

Ferrer¹,

María²

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Estudio e implementación de algoritmos digitales para la mejora de la resolución temporal en sistemas de tomografía por emisión de positrones.Presentada por: D. José María Monzó Ferrer Para BeaMizu ni kage aru tabibito dearu "En el agua hay un reflejo Es alguien que va de viaje " Taneda SantôkaTsukareta ashi e tonbô tomatta "En mis piernas cansadas se ha posado una libélula" Taneda Santôka Akikaze no ishi o hirou "Con viento de otoño recojo una piedra" Taneda Santôka AgradecimientosQuiero dedicar este trabajo a toda la gente que con todo su apoyo lo ha hecho posible.Gracias a mis directores Christoph Lerche y Raúl Esteve por toda su dedicación y todos sus consejos. Ellos han hecho más fácil llevar a cabo esta aventura.También quiero agradecer a Vicente Herrero por todo su conocimiento y ayuda desinteresada durante estos largos años. A Rafa Gadea yÁngel Sebastiá por creer en mí y darme la oportunidad de iniciar este viaje. A Jorge Martínez por todo el apoyo que me dio en los inicios de este camino. A Ricardo, Ximo,Ángel, Curro, Paco Mora y la gente de teleco siempre dispuesta a ayudarte en todo momento.Me gustaría expresar mi agradecimiento a la gente del laboratorio y del instituto entre los cuales muchos hace tiempo que trascendieron la barrera del compañerismo alcanzando la amistad, Nestor, Vicente, Ana, Ramón, Christoph y Montse. Con ellos he vivido muy buenos momentos, y son uno de los ingredientes más importantes que hacen que el trabajo de investigador sea tan gratificante.Quiero agradecer por toda su amistad a Quique, Marga, Pablo S., Pablo C., Víctor, Ana, Pablo V. y otros muchos que siempre estuvieron junto a mí. viiiEste trabajo también ha sido posible gracias a mi familia, en especial mi abuelo que desde pequeño me inculcó la fascinación por el conocimiento y la ciencia. A mis padres y mis hermanos: Jose María, Maria José, César y David. Soy lo que soy gracias a ellos, y gracias a ellos seré lo que seré.Porúltimo, es importante remarcar que este trabajo pertenece a Bea, que con todo su amor y con toda su entrega consigue llenar de intensidad y emoción este y todos los proyectos que tenemos juntos. Esto tiene sentido gracias a ti.Como diría Vinicius de Moraes en la "Samba de Bençao", ¡Saravá! ResumenLa Tomografía por emisión de positrones (PET, "Positron Emission Tomography") es una técnica de diagnóstico médico que se encarga de mostrar imágenes de la distribución de radioisótopos dentro del cuerpo, permitiendo de esta forma observar procesos metabólicos que ocurren en su interior.Los sistemas PET se encargan de detectar pares de rayos gamma de 511KeV cada uno generados tras la aniquilación de un positrón con un electrón. De cada rayo gamma detectado, se obtiene su energía, la posición en la que el rayo es detectado y el tiempo exacto en el que el evento ha sido detectado. Se denomina tiempo de coincidencia a la diferencia de tiempos entre dos eventos. La resolución temporal de un sistema vendrá determinada por el error temporal cometido en la medida del tiempo de coincidencia. Una mejora en la resol...

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“…This generalization is the main idea behind AMIC [256,257], a front-end ASIC designed at EDNA with 64 current inputs that generates up to 8 current outputs with 8-bit, digitally programmable positive coefficients. Programmability offers great flexibility in the usage of the circuit.…”

Section: Integrated Front-end For Position Estimation: Amicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A generalized version of this idea is given by the compressed sensing method [326], where more than log 2 n signals are generated in such a way that it is possible to recover multi-pixel subevents. All of these linear multiplexing schemes are in turn generalized by the AMIC device family developed at EDNA, that allows the generation of up to 8 arbitrary programmable linear combinations of 64 photodetector outputs [256].…”

Section: Front-end and Readoutmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a data acquisition architecture with distributed synchronization for a Positron Emission Tomography system with integrated front-end.

Varea¹,

Ramón²

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Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a non-invasive nuclear medical imaging modality that makes it possible to observe the distribution of metabolic substances within a patient's body after marking them with radioactive isotopes and arranging an annular scanner around him in order to detect their decays. The main applications of this technique are the detection and tracing of tumors in cancer patients and metabolic studies with small animals.The Electronic Design for Nuclear Applications (EDNA) research group within the Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen Molecular (I3M) has been involved in the study of high performance PET systems and maintains a small experimental setup with two detector modules. This thesis is framed within the necessity of developing a new data acquisition system (DAQ) for the aforementioned setup that corrects the drawbacks of the existing one. The main objective is to define a DAQ architecture that is completely scalable, modular, and guarantees the mobility and the possibility of reusing its components, so that it admits any extension of modification of the setup and it is possible to export it directly to the configurations used by other groups or experiments. At the same time, this architecture should be compatible with the best possible resolutions attainable at the present instead of imposing artificial limits on system performance. In particular, the new DAQ system should outperform the previous one.As a first step, a general study of DAQ architectures is carried out in the context of experimental setups for PET and other high energy physics applications. On one hand, the conclusion is reached that the desired specifications require early digitization of detector signals, exclusively digital communication between modules, and the absence of a centralized trigger. On the other hand, the necessity of a very precise distributed synchronization scheme between modules becomes apparent, with errors in the order of 100 ps, and operating directly over the data links. A study of the existing methods reveals their severe limitations in terms of achievable precision. A theoretical analysis of the situation is carried out with the goal of overcoming them, and a new synchronization algorithm is proposed that is able to reach the desired resolution while getting rid of the restrictions on clock iii alignment that are imposed by virtually all usual schemes. Since the measurement of clock phase difference plays a crucial role in the proposed algorithm, extensions to the existing methods are defined and analyzed that improve them significantly. The proposed scheme for synchronism is validated using commercial evaluation boards.Taking the proposed synchronization method as a starting point, a DAQ architecture for PET is defined that is composed of two types of module (acquisition and concentration) whose replication makes it possible to arrange a hierarchic system of arbitrary size, and circuit boards are designed and commissioned that implement a realization of the architecture for the...

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AMIC: An Expandable Front-End for Gamma-Ray Detectors With Light Distribution Analysis Capabilities

Cited by 20 publications

References 13 publications

Prospects for direct neutron capture measurements on s-process branching point isotopes

Prospects for direct neutron capture measurements on s-process branching point isotopes

Estudio e implementación de algoritmos digitales para la mejora de la resolución temporal en sistemas de tomografía por emisión de positrones

Development of a data acquisition architecture with distributed synchronization for a Positron Emission Tomography system with integrated front-end.

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