Amino acid availability and true metabolizable energy content of corn distillers dried grains with solubles in adult cecectomized roosters

Abstract

Five sources of corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), which varied in darkness of color, were collected from several processing plants in the Midwestern United States. Sources of DDGS were analyzed for their amino acid and energy contents, measured for color score, and evaluated for TMEn, apparent amino acid digestibility, and true amino acid digestibility. A precision-fed rooster assay was used, in which each DDGS sample was tube fed (25 g) to adult cecectomized roosters, and the excreta were collected for 48 h. The experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design with 8 replicates. Seven adult roosters (averaging 75 wk of age) were used in each period, with 5 fed the DDGS sources and 2 fasted to estimate basal endogenous amino acid losses. One source (no. 5) was the darkest, 2 sources (no. 2 and 4) were light, whereas 2 other sources (no. 1 and 3) were intermediate in color as measured by a colorimeter. Total lysine content of the DDGS sources ranged from 0.48 to 0.76%, with the lowest lysine content in the darkest DDGS source. Apparent and true lysine digestibility was approximately 30 and 15 percentage units lower (P < 0.05), respectively, in the dark-colored source (no. 5) than in the other 4 sources. Average apparent and true digestibility of the essential amino acids were 10 and 8 percentage units lower (P < 0.05), respectively, in source 5 than the other 4 sources. The TMEn content of the 5 DDGS sources was also lower (P < 0.05) in the darkest DDGS (no. 5). Our results suggest that when the color score of a DDGS source, as measured by a colorimeter, reached a certain threshold (lightness between 28 and 34), amino acid availability and true metabolizable energy content may be reduced. This reduction was particularly evident for lysine, which had the lowest digestibility in the darkest DDGS source. These results suggest that dark-colored DDGS may have been overheated during drying, causing Maillard reactions to be more extensive and resulting in a lowered total lysine content, lysine digestibility, and TMEn content.

A comparison of the prediction of apparent metabolisable energy content of starchy grains and cereal by-products for poultry from its chemical components, in vitro analysis or near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy

“…The highest deviations were observed for DDGS, which might also reflect recent improvements of the method of production of these byproducts still not considered in Feed Tables. In the same way, recent work in poultry (Batal and Dale, 2006;Fastinger et al, 2006) has reported AMEn values for corn DDGS even higher than those obtained in the current study.…”

Use of Maize Distiller’s Dried Grains with Solubles (DDGS) in Laying Hen Diets: Trends and Advances

“…Salim et al (2010) reported that the average CP content in DDGS from different samples was 27.15% with 3.72% coefficient of variation. Furthermore, Batal and Dale (2006) and Fastinger et al (2006) reported similar results (CP ranged from 23-32%). Using 10 new ethanol plants in Minnesota and South Dakota, Spiehs et al (2002) have evaluated nutrient level of DDGS originating from these plants.…”

Improving the Content of Essential Amino Acids in Crop Plants: Goals and Opportunities

“…Ethanol production from maize generates large amounts of nonextractable seed material, called dried distiller grain solubles (DDGS; Rausch and Belyea, 2006), the production of which progressively increased in recent years. Historically, most of the DDGS has been fed to cattle, but in the past several years, researchers have been evaluating its nutritional value and feeding recommendations for swine and poultry (Fastinger et al, 2006;Pedersen et al, 2007). Hence, research projects under way could modify the amino acid composition, protein composition, and phosphorous content of DDGS (Singh et al, 2005;Rausch and Belyea, 2006).…”