Aminoglycoside Resistance

Bryan, L. E.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-138120-2.50013-7

Cited by 51 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…(Bryan 1984). Aminoglycoside nucleotidetransferases (AAD) are another group of enzymes known to modify substrates such as Km but not Nm (Bryan 1984). The presence of such an AAD enzyme system in the isolates that did not display probe homology with APH(3') gene probes is supported by the fact that they failed to grow on neomycin even at the low concentration of 25 Ixg/ ml.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Although Young et al (1985) did not report on the presence of DNA homology to both subclasses of APH(3') genes, many clinical bacterial isolates are known to contain several aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes (Bryan 1984). This would explain the probe homology of some DNA isolates which hybridized with both probes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to aminoglycoside phosphotransferases, other modifying enzymes, particularly aminoglycoside acetyltransferases (AAC), are ~responsible for antibiotic resistance in many Enterobacteriaceae species such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. (Bryan 1984). Aminoglycoside nucleotidetransferases (AAD) are another group of enzymes known to modify substrates such as Km but not Nm (Bryan 1984).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Resistance to aminoglycoside antibiotics in bacteria is usually due to enzymes within bacterial cells that chemically modify the drugs (Bryan 1984;Brzezinska and Davies 1973;Davies and Smith 1978). For example, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase (APH[3']) mediates resistance to neomycin (Nm) and kanamycin (Km) by transfer of a terminal phosphate group from ATP to the 3'-hydroxyl group of the aminoglycoside antibiotic (Goldman and Northrop 1976;Matsuhashi et al 1975).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occurrence of aminoglycoside phosphotransferase subclass I and II structural genes among Enterobacteriaceae spp. isolated from meat samples

Jayaratne

Collins‐Thompson

Trevors

1990

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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3'-Aminoglycoside phosphotransferase [APH(3')] enzymes are a group responsible for resistance to the antibiotics kanamycin (Km) and neomycin (Nm) in bacteria. Escherichia coli ECT24, originally isolated from a meat sample, harboured an 83-kb conjugative R-plasmid (pRPJ24) that carries transferable resistance to Km and Nm. Plasmid pRPJ24 was transferred by conjugation to Enterobacter cloacae 94R, which was used as the source of plasmid DNA in development of a probe for the Km-resistance determinant. Random cloning of BamHI and HindIII double-digest restriction fragments of pRPJ24 in the pUC18 vector plasmid produced clones resistant to both Nm and Km carrying a 1.9-kb DNA insert. Southern hybridization of pRPJ24 cloned chimeric plasmid DNA (pKPJ94) showed homology with the APH(3')II gene from transposon Tn5. A PstI digest of pKPJ94 produced a 920-bp fragment which hybridized with the APH(3')II structural gene, and was used as a DNA probe for the APH(3')II subclass gene. A 980-bp BamHI fragment from plasmid pGH54 carrying the APH(3')I gene from transposon Tn903 was used as a subclass I probe. Total DNA from 206 randomly screened Km-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates from raw ground beef and chicken meat samples were examined for the occurrence of APH(3') subclass I and II using non-radioactively-labelled DNA probes. Thirty-six percent and 60% of the isolates examined carried subclass I and II resistances, respectively, in the isolates from chicken meat samples. The corresponding values for bacterial strains from raw ground beef samples were 51% and 72%, respectively. Four percent of the resistant bacterial isolates from chicken samples did not display homology to either probe.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Occurrence of aminoglycoside phosphotransferase subclass I and II structural genes among Enterobacteriaceae spp. isolated from meat samples

Jayaratne

Collins‐Thompson

Trevors

1990

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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“…This is an unexpected result, since the aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme determinant APH(3')III of pJH1 (Jacob and Hobbs, 1974), which is widely disseminated among S. faecalis (LeBlanc et al, 1986), confers a high level of resistance to Nm and Km. Levels of resistance recorded against Gm and Km fall in the low-resistance category (4 < CMI > 250 mg/L) described by Bismuth (1985) as a result of an incomplete electron transport chain (reviewed by Bryan, 1984).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Antibiotic Resistance and Production of Inhibitory Substances among Bacterial Strains Isolated from the Oral Cavities of BALB/c Mice

St-Amand

Lavoie

1988

J Dent Res

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In the oral cavities of BALB/c mice, microbial population levels are regulated by multifactorial processes. Factors include the production of inhibitory substances and the exchange of genetic material. In this work, 371 isolates from different sites (saliva, tongue, teeth, and mucosa) of the oral cavities of BALB/c mice were screened for resistance to antibiotics and antimicrobial activity. Antibiotic-resistant strains represented 25% of the total flora. Among the predominant species, all the S. faecalis isolates showed multiresistance, and 23% of the Lactobacillus murinus isolates and 15% of the Staphylococcus aureus were resistant to at least one antibiotic. Resistance to aminoglycosides (neomycin, streptomycin, kanamycin, and gentamicin) was most frequently encountered. In S. faecalis, high levels of resistance were recorded to neomycin and streptomycin but not to gentamicin or kanamycin. Macrolides (M), lincosamides (L), streptogramin B (S), tetracycline (Tc), and chloramphenicol (Cm) resistance was also present in multiresistance patterns, especially among S. faecalis isolates. Hemolytic (Hly+) streptococci were less resistant to MLS, Tc, and Cm than were non-hemolytic (Hly-) isolates. Resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics was detected only among staphylococci and with a low prevalence (4%). The frequencies of strains producing antimicrobial substances against the indicator strains (S. mutans LG-1, S. sanguis Ny 101, and A. viscosus Ny 1) were high for L. murinus (76%) and S. faecalis (57% for Hly- and 90% for Hly+), but low for S. aureus (7%). These results indicate that the indigenous oral flora could interfere with colonization by allochthonous micro-organisms and that resistance patterns should be taken into account for the elimination of the oral indigenous flora by antibiotic treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Antibiotic Resistance

Sundin¹

2002

Encyclopedia of Agrochemicals

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The antibiotic streptomycin is an important and effective chemical for the management of bacterial diseases of fruit trees, woody ornamentals, and vegetables. Streptomycin was initially discovered in 1944 and was one of the first antibiotics to be utilized in clinical medicine to control human diseases, and is still important as a feed amendment for growth promotion in agricultural animals. The widespread and diverse usage of streptomycin has contributed to the currently observed global streptomycin resistance problem. This problem is especially critical in plant disease management, as there are few alternatives to streptomycin.

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Aminoglycoside Resistance

Cited by 51 publications

References 107 publications

Occurrence of aminoglycoside phosphotransferase subclass I and II structural genes among Enterobacteriaceae spp. isolated from meat samples

Occurrence of aminoglycoside phosphotransferase subclass I and II structural genes among Enterobacteriaceae spp. isolated from meat samples

Antibiotic Resistance and Production of Inhibitory Substances among Bacterial Strains Isolated from the Oral Cavities of BALB/c Mice

Antibiotic Resistance

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