Amount of unfrozen water in frozen porous media saturated with solution

Watanabe, Kunio; Mizoguchi, Masahiro

doi:10.1016/s0165-232x(01)00063-5

Cited by 268 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The Hamaker constant of 1.01 × 10 −19 J, calculated with Eq. (1), is in the expected order of magnitude from 10 −19 to 10 −20 J (Möhlmann, 2008;Watanabe and Mizoguchi, 2002). The resulting monolayer of interfacial water in respect to the temperature (Eq.…”

Section: Estimation Of the Solid-phase Permittivity ε Gmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…For an experimental verification and further refinement of the theoretical approach, there is the need to determine the amount of liquid-like water and ice in soil below 0 • C. There are several techniques available for the characterization of the binding state of water in porous materials: nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR - Watanabe and Mizoguchi, 2002;Stillman et al, 2010;Watanabe et al, 2011), atomic force microscopy (AFM - Teschke et al, 2001), isothermal calorimetry (Anderson and Tiece, 1973) as well as broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS - Kaatze and Feldman, 2006). Especially the methods of broadband dielectric spectroscopy are sensitive for characterization of structural and dynamical properties of water in porous materials (Kupfer et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Supercooled interfacial water in fine-grained soils probed by dielectric spectroscopy

Lorek

Wagner

2013

The Cryosphere

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Abstract.Water substantially affects nearly all physical, chemical and biological processes on the Earth. Recent Mars observations as well as laboratory investigations suggest that water is a key factor of current physical and chemical processes on the Martian surface, e.g. rheological phenomena. Therefore it is of particular interest to get information about the liquid-like state of water on Martian analogue soils for temperatures below 0 • C. To this end, a parallel plate capacitor has been developed to obtain isothermal dielectric spectra of fine-grained soils in the frequency range from 10 Hz to 1.1 MHz at Martian-like temperatures down to −70 • C. Two Martian analogue soils have been investigated: a Ca-bentonite (specific surface of 237 m 2 g −1 , up to 9.4 % w/w gravimetric water content) and JSC Mars 1, a volcanic ash (specific surface of 146 m 2 g −1 , up to 7.4 % w/w). Three soil-specific relaxation processes are observed in the investigated frequency-temperature range: two weak highfrequency processes (bound or hydrated water as well as ice) and a strong low-frequency process due to counter-ion relaxation and the Maxwell-Wagner effect. To characterize the dielectric relaxation behaviour, a generalized fractional dielectric relaxation model was applied assuming three active relaxation processes with relaxation time of the ith process modelled with an Eyring equation. The real part of effective complex soil permittivity at 350 kHz was used to determine ice and liquid-like water content by means of the Birchak or CRIM equation. There are evidence that bentonite down to −70 • C has a liquid-like water content of 1.17 monolayers and JSC Mars 1 a liquid-like water content of 1.96 monolayers.

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Section: Estimation Of the Solid-phase Permittivity ε Gmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supercooled interfacial water in fine-grained soils probed by dielectric spectroscopy

Lorek

Wagner

2013

The Cryosphere

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“…The above relation, applying the Laplace equation for determining the radius r from ψ w0 , becomes similar to Eq. (5) in Watanabe and Mizoguchi (2002). The liquid water pressure p w depends on the intensity of freezing condition provided by T , and may be found integrating Eq.…”

Section: Pressure and Temperature Under Freezing Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A robust and energy-conserving model of freezing variably-saturated soil

et al. 2011

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Abstract. Phenomena involving frozen soil or rock are important in many natural systems and, as a consequence, there is a great interest in the modeling of their behavior. Few models exist that describe this process for both saturated and unsaturated soil and in conditions of freezing and thawing, as the energy equation shows strongly non-linear characteristics and is often difficult to handle with normal methods of iterative integration. Therefore in this paper we propose a method for solving the energy equation in freezing soil. The solver is linked with the solution of Richards equation, and is able to approximate water movement in unsaturated soils and near the liquid-solid phase transition. A globallyconvergent Newton method has been implemented to achieve robust convergence of this scheme. The method is tested by comparison with an analytical solution to the Stefan problem and by comparison with experimental data derived from the literature.

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“…Williams and Smith, 1989) and the presence of solutes (e.g. Watanabe and Mizoguchi, 2002). To allow liquid water to coexist with ice below 0 • C, a freezing point depression is included in the model and the maximum liquid water content for soil temperatures T s below T 0 = 273.15 K is formulated as (e.g.…”

Section: Snow and Soil Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

PALADYN v1.0, a comprehensive land surface–vegetation–carbon cycle model of intermediate complexity

Willeit

Ganopolski

2016

Geosci. Model Dev.

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Abstract. PALADYN is presented; it is a new comprehensive and computationally efficient land surface-vegetationcarbon cycle model designed to be used in Earth system models of intermediate complexity for long-term simulations and paleoclimate studies.The model treats in a consistent manner the interaction between atmosphere, terrestrial vegetation and soil through the fluxes of energy, water and carbon. Energy, water and carbon are conserved. PALADYN explicitly treats permafrost, both in physical processes and as an important carbon pool. It distinguishes nine surface types: five different vegetation types, bare soil, land ice, lake and ocean shelf. Including the ocean shelf allows the treatment of continuous changes in sea level and shelf area associated with glacial cycles. Over each surface type, the model solves the surface energy balance and computes the fluxes of sensible, latent and ground heat and upward shortwave and longwave radiation. The model includes a single snow layer.

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Amount of unfrozen water in frozen porous media saturated with solution

Cited by 268 publications

References 12 publications

Supercooled interfacial water in fine-grained soils probed by dielectric spectroscopy

Supercooled interfacial water in fine-grained soils probed by dielectric spectroscopy

A robust and energy-conserving model of freezing variably-saturated soil

PALADYN v1.0, a comprehensive land surface–vegetation–carbon cycle model of intermediate complexity

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