Amperometric immunosensor based on gold nanoparticles/alumina sol–gel modified screen-printed electrodes for antibodies to Plasmodium falciparum histidine rich protein-2

Sharma, Mukesh; Agarwal, G. S.; Rao, Venkat K.; Upadhyay, S. H.; Merwyn, S.; Gopalan, Natarajan; Ganga, Pedro Quirós; Vijayaraghavan, R.; Prakash, S.

doi:10.1039/b918880k

Cited by 35 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In assessing exposure to malaria parasites, recombinant PfHRP-2 was used as a recognition element for anti-PfHRP-2 antibodies in an amperometric immunosensor for early stages of malaria and at low parasitemia [82]. SPEs were modified with alumina sol-gel (Al 2 O 3 ) and AuNP to obtain AuNP/Al 2 O 3 sol-gel/SPE after which PfHRP-2 was bound.…”

Section: Detection Of Pfhrp-2 In Clinical Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in the Development of Biosensors for Malaria Diagnosis

Krampa

Aniweh

Kanyong

et al. 2020

Sensors

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The impact of malaria on global health has continually prompted the need to develop more effective diagnostic strategies that could overcome deficiencies in accurate and early detection. In this review, we examine the various biosensor-based methods for malaria diagnostic biomarkers, namely; Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 (PfHRP-2), parasite lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH), aldolase, glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), and the biocrystal hemozoin. The models that demonstrate a potential for field application have been discussed, looking at the fabrication and analytical performance characteristics, including (but not exclusively limited to): response time, sensitivity, detection limit, linear range, and storage stability, which are first summarized in a tabular form and then described in detail. The conclusion summarizes the state-of-the-art technologies applied in the field, the current challenges and the emerging prospects for malaria biosensors.Sensors 2020, 20, 799 2 of 21 emergence and spread of drug resistance. It could also reduce the pool of individuals who can contribute to malaria transmission [5].To date, many technologies have attempted to circumvent the challenges in malaria diagnostics with technologies that address point-of-care needs and early stage asymptomatic detection. In this review, we first comprehensively summarize the biomarkers targeted during the course of malaria with emphasis on the importance of sensitive early detection. Next, we provide an overview of the recent advances in biosensor technologies for the detection of the most targeted biomarkers, focusing on: development, analytical performances, and suitability for point of care testing. The prevailing challenges and future outlook of the use of these technologies in the field are also highlighted. Parasite Development in Humans, Biomarkers, and DiagnosisThe developmental cycle of Plasmodium species that infect humans is briefly illustrated in Figure 1 [6]. The cycle begins with the injection of sporozoites into the host's circulation by an infected female Anopheles mosquito. The sporozoites then target and enter hepatocytes where they multiply and differentiate into merozoites. This stage of the parasite life cycle is known as pre-erythrocytic. In infections involving P. vivax and P. ovale, dormant forms of the liver stage, called hypnozoites may persist in the liver [7] and cause relapse of the infection, thereby making it difficult to eradicate. The pre-erythrocytic stage is essential in the establishment of malaria infection. This stage is asymptomatic, however, it is difficult for diagnostic tools to detect sporozoites because hepatocytes invasion occurs within 30-45 min after sporozoites are inoculated by the infected mosquito [8,9]. This short time and low numbers of sporozoites injected leaves little time for their detection. Some efforts in finding biomarkers for detection of early liver stage or the dormant form have identified the Plasmodium liver-specific protein 2 (LISP2) [10,11]. The sporozoite surface circum...

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Section: Detection Of Pfhrp-2 In Clinical Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in the Development of Biosensors for Malaria Diagnosis

Krampa

Aniweh

Kanyong

et al. 2020

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Environment [2], point of care diagnostics [3], food science [4], microbiology [5], and immunology [6] are some of the areas benefited by one of the main advantages of these platforms: their applicability on-site, in decentralized analysis, and their disposability [7]. These electrodes can be modified by attaching nanoparticles [8], antigen/ antibodies [9], enzymes [10], or metallic layers [11] onto their surfaces to meet specific analytical requirements [12]. Besides the surface modifications, the underlying electrode should ideally exhibit a fast electron transfer [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multiple Evaluation Approach of Commercially Available Screen‐Printed Nanostructured Carbon Electrodes

2014

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Commercially available carbon‐based screen‐printed electrodes were studied by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in their behavior towards electron transfer to the soluble fast redox probes hexacyanoferrate(III), hexaammineruthenium(III) and methyl‐viologen. Semi‐infinite linear diffusion was observed for hexacyanoferrate(III) probe, with heterogeneous electron transfer rate constants significantly favored on nanotubes‐modified surfaces. Finite diffusion was observed for methyl‐viologen on graphene electrodes, which was reflected in the enhancement of the faradic currents by 4‐folds. Hexaammineruthenium(III) showed mixed diffusion behavior. These characteristics are reflected in the voltammetric behavior of lead(II) and cadmium(II) stripping from in‐situ deposited bismuth layer.

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“…Moreover, CV technique enables the study of the modified SPEs performance, by using a ferricyanide solution, being the redox couple peaks intensities (e.g., K 3 Fe(CN) 6 /K 4 Fe(CN) 6 ) frequently used as sensitivity indicators [58].…”

Section: Study Of the Spes Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%