Amphora Coffeaeformis Modulate the Histopathological and Histochemical Disruption in Kidney and Gills of Clarias Gariepinus Intoxicated by Arsenic

Abstract

The arrival of pollutants such as heavy metals to the aquatic medium is known to affect such a domain and on its living life forms with endeavors to utilize the antioxidant agents to balance their effects. The present investigation explored the potential defensive impacts of Amphora coffeaeformis against arsenic-induced histopathology and histochemical adjustments in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Fish were exposed to sub-lethal doses of arsenic as 19.2 and 38.3 mg/l for 15 days. Kidneys of arsenic-exposed fish displayed tubular edema and necrosis, hematopoietic degeneration, melanomacrophage aggregates, Bowman's capsule edema and glomerulus shrinkage while gills of arsenic-exposed fish revealed lamellar rupture, lamellar aneurysm, edema, epithelial hypertrophy and mucous cell hyperplasia. PAS response revealed consumption in the carbohydrate materials in the kidney and gills in the arsenic group in contrast with control. The changes induced after arsenic-exposure was improved in fish fed amphora because of their naturally active components that can be utilized as antioxidant, antiviral, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory for detoxification process.