Amsler grid test for detection of advanced glaucoma in Ethiopia

Gessesse, Girum W; Tamrat, Lemlem; Damji, Karim F.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0230017

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Such tests range from relatively sophisticated technologies, such as tonometers, to growingly available functional technologies, such as perimetry and Amsler grid tests. [19][20][21][22][23][24] Bene ts have also been observed from early treatment and identi cation of AMD and DR using manual ophthalmoscopy or portable fundus photography and Amsler grid testing. 25 Given that many neurologic and endocrine conditions manifest in the eyes, multimodal vision testing tools such as color vision and scotoma testing can enhance a screening potential for these conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual Reality Enables Rapid and Multi-Faceted Retinal Function Screening

Labkovich

Warburton

Chen³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: Given global population growth and aging, it is imperative to prioritize early eye disease detection and treatment. However, the current eye specialist workforce capacity is not bridging the growing gap, making it important to consider alternative solutions for increasing eye screening capabilities. This study compared virtual reality (VR) vision screening exams that help evaluate retinal health, such as 24-2 perimetry, Ishihara color blindness, and Amsler grid tests, against their in-clinic counterparts. Methods: 86 subjects were recruited from Mount Sinai’s ophthalmology clinic for a head-to-head comparison trial that was internally controlled across healthy controls and eyes with glaucoma and retinal disease. Results: Perimetry results from Humphrey Visual Field Analyzer (HVFA) and VR suprathreshold testing demonstrated a good sensitivity both overall (80% OD, 84% OS) and across control (86% OD, 89% OS), glaucoma (69% OD, 78% OS), and retinal disease (76% OD, 80% OS) groups. A Garway-Heath anatomical map showed an overall 70-80% agreement. Ishihara plate tests did not show a significant difference between the two testing modalities (p = 0.12; Mann-Whitney U test), which remained true across groups. Amsler grid testing differences were also non-significant (p = 0.81; Mann-Whitney U test), including each subgroup. Patient time required to complete VR exams was significantly improved (p<0.0001; Wilcoxon) compared to the gold standard tests. Conclusions: All VR tests showed high sensitivity and percent agreement compared to in-office standards, indicating a promising potential for VR technologies in visual function screening for early identification of prevalent diseases such as glaucoma and retinal conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual Reality Enables Rapid and Multi-Faceted Retinal Function Screening

Labkovich

Warburton

Chen³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…As has been illustrated, AG has been shown to be effective in screening severe central vision loss in patients with glaucoma 14–16 . You would expect physicians to routinely suggest using AG in the management of severe glaucoma.…”

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confidence: 97%

“…Similar results were published by Gessesse et al in a series of patients from Ethiopia with advanced glaucoma. They also found high sensitivity and specificity in AG in detecting VF defects in these patients 15 . Fujitani et al demonstrated that a patient’s perception of glaucomatous visual field loss using an AG could be assessed 16 …”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…They also found high sensitivity and specificity in AG in detecting VF defects in these patients. 15 Fujitani et al demonstrated that a patient's perception of glaucomatous visual field loss using an AG could be assessed. 16 As has been illustrated, AG has been shown to be effective in screening severe central vision loss in patients with glaucoma.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16 As has been illustrated, AG has been shown to be effective in screening severe central vision loss in patients with glaucoma. [14][15][16] You would expect physicians to routinely suggest using AG in the management of severe glaucoma. Regardless of the rationale for its underutilization, AG still has many advantages and should be considered in the ophthalmologist's arsenal to monitor advanced glaucoma.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Caronia Glaucoma Card Versus Amsler Grid for Monitoring Patients With Advanced Glaucoma

Caronia

2023

Journal of Glaucoma

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Purpose: Evaluate patient acceptance and efficacy of the Caronia Glaucoma Card (CGC) in monitoring patients with severe glaucoma. Methods: A retrospective study of consecutive patients with severe glaucoma who agreed to monitor their visual function. Patients were given a two-sided sheet of paper. On one side was printed an Amsler grid (AG) and on the other side was printed a CGC. The patient was given verbal and written instructions on how to perform each test. They were asked to use either one or both tests to monitor their visual function on a weekly basis. Upon return, they were asked which test they prefer and if they appreciated or noticed any change in their scotoma. Patient comments were recorded. Results: Sixty-seven patients were given the test card whose reported past ocular history consisted solely of severe glaucoma. Seventeen patients were eventually excluded. Fourteen patients had one eye that fulfilled the inclusion criteria for the study, while the other eye was excluded. Eighty-six eyes of fifty patients satisfied the inclusion criteria and were enrolled in the study. Thirty of the patients were male (60%) and 20 where female (40%). The average age was 71.8 +/- 10.7 years. They all carried a diagnosis of severe glaucoma. When asked the question which test design they preferred to use; 30 patients preferred the CGC (60%) while 8 patients preferred the AG (16%). Twelve patients found no difference between the 2 test designs (24%). (χ2 (2, 50)=16.480, ρ=0.000). Five patients noticed a change in their scotoma while using the card (5.8%, 5 of 86 eyes). All were exclusively using the CGC. Conclusion: The CGC is a convenient and inexpensive tool that was able to detect a change in scotoma. It may be helpful to add to the armamentarium in order to monitor glaucoma and its possible progression in patients with advanced disease.

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Investigator’s influence on the muscle strength assessment in animals in experiment: Comparison of automated “inverted grid” test and its classical variant

Lebedev,

Kuzubova,

Pokrovsky

et al. 2024

Farm. farmakol. (Pâtigorsk)

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The aim of the work was to study the influence of the researcher on the muscle strength assessment in animals in the experiment by comparing the results of the automated “inverted grid” test and its classical variant.Materials and methods. Male lines (Bla/J, n=20; FUS(1-359), n=20; Tau P301S+/+, n=20) and their background controls (C57BL/6J, n=20; CD1, n=20) were selected for the study. The dynamics of changes in the muscle deficit of the animals was evaluated in the automated and classical variant of the “inverted grid” test.Results. According to the results of the muscle strength assessment of mice with an edited genome of lines FUS(1-359)+/-, Tau P301S+/+, B6.ADysfprmd/GeneJ, using the “inverted grid” test in the classical variant and the automated one, it was found that statistically significant differences were not obtained in comparison with the results obtained by the classical variant of the test. The standard error of the mean increases by 23–39% in the classical test compared to the automated one. It was shown that the standard error of the mean in the classical variant of the test in Tau P301S+/+ mice was 6.24; 5.94; 5.88; 7.38 at 4 age points; in FUS(1-359)+/- mice, 4.49; 6.8; 6.98 and 4.1; B6.ADysfprmd/GeneJ mice, 7.66; 7.58; 8.3 and 7.92, respectively.Conclusion. Thus, the value of the standard error of the results study mean of the changes dynamics in the muscle strength when using the automated variant of the “inverted grid” test was reduced in comparison with the results of the classical variant of the test. The results of the study show that the automation of generally recognized behavioral tests is able to increase the accuracy of the obtained data reducing the influence of a human factor on the manipulation.

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Amsler grid test for detection of advanced glaucoma in Ethiopia

Cited by 7 publications

References 24 publications

Virtual Reality Enables Rapid and Multi-Faceted Retinal Function Screening

Virtual Reality Enables Rapid and Multi-Faceted Retinal Function Screening

Caronia Glaucoma Card Versus Amsler Grid for Monitoring Patients With Advanced Glaucoma

Investigator’s influence on the muscle strength assessment in animals in experiment: Comparison of automated “inverted grid” test and its classical variant

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