An Accurate Equivalent Circuit Model of Metasurface-Based Wireless Power Transfer Systems

Brizi, Danilo; Fontana, Nunzia; Barmada, Sami; Monorchio, Agostino

doi:10.1109/ojap.2020.3028297

Cited by 23 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…The whole array reacts to an impinging magnetic field with a resonant behavior (usually described through a Lorentzian model), making possible to exploit enhanced and μ -negative permeability at specific bandwidths. It has been demonstrated in 37 that the entire metasurface can be represented by an equivalent RLC model; this step is fundamental to describe and quantify its interactions with other RF coils, as it will be shown in the following sections. A brief recall of the metasurface RLC reduction is herein reported for the reader clarity: more details can be found in 37 .…”

Section: Results and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been demonstrated in 37 that the entire metasurface can be represented by an equivalent RLC model; this step is fundamental to describe and quantify its interactions with other RF coils, as it will be shown in the following sections. A brief recall of the metasurface RLC reduction is herein reported for the reader clarity: more details can be found in 37 . In a generic arrangement, we can have M fed RF coils interacting with a passive metasurface.…”

Section: Results and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, the Z xx term can be interpreted as the self-impedance of the metasurface equivalent resonator ( RLC series), whereas I x is its equivalent flowing current and the various Z xi terms correspond to the mutual coupling coefficients between the metasurface and each of the M RF coils 37 .…”

Section: Results and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The choice of the working frequency is arbitrary and other values might have been chosen as well. Following the methodology reported in 37 , we extracted the equivalent RLC model of the metasurface together with the mutual coupling coefficient with the active RF coil. The obtained values are: R meta = 4.13 Ω, L meta = 14.97 μH, C meta = 43.35 pF, M meta-coil = 2.09 μH.…”

Section: Results and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the literature, it was demonstrated that a metasurface can be described, in its entireness, by an equivalent RLC circuit, by starting from the single unit-cell design and their relative positioning inside the array 37 . However, in that work, no explanation or physical understanding about the interactions between the metasurface and the nearby RF coils was provided.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnetic metasurfaces properties in the near field regions

Brizi

Monorchio

2022

Sci Rep

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In this paper, we present a general equivalent-circuit interpretation of finite magnetic metasurfaces interacting with an arbitrary arrangement of RF coils operating in near-field regime. The developed model allows to derive a physical interpretation of the interactions between the metasurface and the surrounding RF coils, both transmitting and receiving. Indeed, especially for near-field applications, the metasurface presence modifies the behavior of each RF coil differently, due to the specific reciprocal interactions. Hence, the proposed approach introduces a source-related complex magnetic permeability matrix, overcoming the traditional bulk definition. To prove the model validity against full-wave simulations, we present two significant test cases, commonly used in practical applications. The former is represented by the simple metasurface-coil arrangement from which important and fundamental considerations can be drawn. The latter system is composed by a transmitting and a receiving coil with a metasurface in between; detailed explanations on the metasurface interactions with both the RF coils are developed. Finally, we also achieved an excellent agreement between the numerical results and the measurements obtained through fabricated prototypes. In summary, the circuit interpretation herein presented, in addition to the rigorous electromagnetic theoretical approaches already appeared in the open literature, reveals useful in providing quantitative, practical, and easy-to-handle guidelines for the design and physical understanding of finite magnetic metasurfaces interacting with arbitrary RF coils arrangements in the near-field regime.

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Section: Results and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Results and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Results and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Results and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnetic metasurfaces properties in the near field regions

Brizi

Monorchio

2022

Sci Rep

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Two‐port network compact representation of resonator arrays for wireless power transfer with variable receiver position

Sandrolini

Simonazzi

Barmada

et al. 2022

Circuit Theory & Apps

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This paper presents an equivalent circuit characterization of an array of resonators for wireless power transfer (WPT) applications. These apparatuses are composed of magnetically coupled resonant coils acting as a transmitter which feeds a receiver coil that can be placed over them at any position, allowing the tolerance of the system to the receiver misalignment to be dramatically enhanced. This advantage makes resonator arrays a suitable solution for both low-and high-power applications. The latter usually involve battery charging, with the resonator array acting as a transformer stage, ensuring galvanic isolation. An equivalent two-port network can be defined for any receiver position, allowing the array to be treated as a traditional transformer. Thereby, the simulation of the system can be simplified, as it is required in the design steps of a converter and control strategy. Analytical expressions of the two-port network parameters are proposed for arrays of any size and length. The formulas have been numerically and experimentally validated.battery charging, circuit modeling, inductive power transfer, resonator array, transformer, wireless power transfer | INTRODUCTIONIn the last decade, wireless power transfer (WPT) systems have become a convenient and reliable solution in many applications, ranging from powering portable electronic devices to automatic machines and electric vehicle (EV) charging. [1][2][3] These apparatuses offer many advantages, as the ability of operating in difficult environments or the possibility to transfer power to moving loads. The size and weight of high-power batteries can be reduced by more frequent charging, which can be dramatically eased by wireless chargers. Several different technologies have been proposed in literature for both stationary and dynamic charging. [4][5][6] For high-power transfer, among near-field WPT technologies, inductive power transfer (IPT) is largely employed. One of its major limits is the misalignment between the transmitter and receiver apparatuses, which dramatically affects the efficiency and the transferred power. In order to improve the tolerance to the misalignment, arrays of magnetically coupled resonating L-C circuits (also referred as relay coils) can be used, which represent a very cheap solution since only few passive electronic components are required. [7][8][9][10][11] In these systems, the power travels from the source to the load through the relay coils at the expense of an increased sensitivity to the mismatch between the input and output side impedances, 12,13 which reflects also on the magnetic near-field distribution. 14 Solutions to this problem have been proposed in Sandoval et al, 15,16 making arrays of

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Equivalent Circuit Models of a Bifunctional Optical Metasurface for Beam Splitting and Refractive Index Sensing

Sun

et al. 2023

ACS Photonics

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Metasurfaces have attracted extensive attention in the micro/nano-optics field depending on their significant ability to modulate optical parameters. However, the current numerical simulation technology cannot meet the demand of the design and analysis of metasurfaces efficiently due to consuming substantial calculating time and memory. Besides, they cannot illustrate the physical mechanism straightforwardly behind the optical responses. Herein, we propose and demonstrate two equivalent circuit models systematically for a bifunctional metasurface with metal–dielectric–metal structural meta-atoms based on polarization multiplexing in the visible band. In the y-polarization state, the equivalent circuit model is established to interpret the phase shift exactly with a high goodness of fit of 0.931, resulting in the beam splitting function from the anomalous reflection phenomenon. The polychromatic light splits from 34 to 69° to produce the grating-type high-saturation structural colors with a large gamut of about 170.07% of the DCI-P3 standard. In the x-polarization state, the metasurface produces the surface lattice resonance that is suitable for the refractive index sensing function due to the high sensitivity to environmental changes. The second equivalent circuit model simulates the linewidth narrowing and red-shift phenomenon with a sensitivity relative error of 7.00%. We introduce a branch with a narrow-band-pass filter and a capacitor in series into the model to mimic the characteristic of Rayleigh anomalies. Both models extend the application of equivalent circuit theory in optics further and provide a crucial approach to enhance the insights into the mechanism of metasurfaces.

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An Accurate Equivalent Circuit Model of Metasurface-Based Wireless Power Transfer Systems

Cited by 23 publications

References 39 publications

Magnetic metasurfaces properties in the near field regions

Magnetic metasurfaces properties in the near field regions

Two‐port network compact representation of resonator arrays for wireless power transfer with variable receiver position

Equivalent Circuit Models of a Bifunctional Optical Metasurface for Beam Splitting and Refractive Index Sensing

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