An adaptive high capacity reversible data hiding algorithm in interpolation domain

Xiong, Xiangguang; Wang, Lihui; Li, Zhi; Wang, Hongzhi; Chen, Yi; Fan, Mengting; Zhu, Yuemin

doi:10.1016/j.sigpro.2022.108458

Cited by 16 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Bhardwaj [24] embedded secret data by taking the difference of the modulo between the secret data and interpolated pixel and adding the obtained difference to the corresponding interpolated pixel. Xiong et al [29]- [30] proposed adaptive RDH methods for interpolated images, achieving a high BPP and PSNR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversible Data Hiding Method for Interpolated Images Based on Modulo Operation and Prediction-Error Expansion

2023

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Image reversible data hiding (RDH) using interpolation technology (IT) provides high singlelayer embedding capacity and has become a research hotspot. To solve serious image distortion in existing methods caused by secondary embedding based on interpolated pixels, we propose an RDH method for interpolated images based on modulo operation and prediction-error expansion (PEE). Our method differs from existing RDH methods that only consider embedding data into interpolated pixels. First, an image interpolation method is used to generate an interpolated image, which is partitioned into overlapping 3 × 3 blocks. For each block, secret data are embedded into interpolated pixels using the modulo operation and into reference pixel using the PEE. Standard grayscale images of size 512 × 512 were selected from the popular BossBase and BOWS-2 image databases as input images for experiments. Extensive experimental results show that the proposed method avoids pixel values underflow/overflow caused by embedding data and reduces image distortion effectively. For each standard test image, the maximum bits per pixel (BPP) is higher than 1.5, and the corresponding peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) is higher than 45.0 dB. At the given embedding capacity, the proposed method outperforms recent similar methods regarding the watermarked image quality. Moreover, the proposed method can resist histogram analysis, and the subjective evaluation proves that the proposed method has good imperceptibility.INDEX TERMS Reversible data hiding, interpolated image, modulo operation, prediction-error expansion.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%