“…27,148 These and many other developments promise increased process efficiency and decreased facility operational costs, coupled with improving accuracy and personalisation of PT. 22,27,31,144,145,148 They include accelerator control efficiency, higher dose rates, faster energy and beamline switching, flexible beam direction selection, and beam verification and measurement equipment and methods, as well as treatment planning algorithms and software systems, online imaging systems and image-guidance, 22,[150][151][152] motion management methods, 24,153,154 adaptive CIRT 149,155 and the application of machine learning/artificial intelligence to many aspects of PT. 156,157…”