An Adaptive Smart Antenna Testbed for WiMAX Radio

Khallaayoun, Ahmed; Olson, Andy; Panique, Michael; Huang, Yikun

doi:10.1109/mws.2009.36

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In [141,[161][162][163][164]166], routing was optimized through access points or nodes that were installed in the rural area. However, the initial placement of these access points can be optimized depending on the characteristics of the rural area and the type of population agglomeration.…”

Section: ) Resource Management In Mesh/multihop Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An algorithm is proposed to build a routing tree between WiMAX BSs, with the tree rooted at the BS connected to the backhaul network (thus acting as gateway). The performance of such a WiMAX system can be enhanced by using adaptive smart antennas for WiMAX[162]. In[141], the problem of joint routing and scheduling in a multihop network with directional antenna was formulated as a linear program, and a scheduling algorithm is proposed based on directed edge coloring in a multi-graph.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A Key 6G Challenge and Opportunity—Connecting the Base of the Pyramid: A Survey on Rural Connectivity

2020

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Providing connectivity to around half of the world population living in rural or underprivileged areas is a tremendous challenge, but also a unique opportunity. Access to the internet would provide the population living in these areas a possibility to progress on the educational, health, environment, and business levels. In this paper, a survey of technologies for providing connectivity to rural areas, and that can help address this challenge, is provided. Although access/fronthaul and backhaul techniques are discussed in the paper, it is noted that the major limitation for providing connectivity to rural and underprivileged areas is the cost of backhaul deployment. In addition, energy requirements and cost efficiency of the studied technologies are analyzed. In fact, the challenges faced for deploying an electricity network, as a prerequisite for deploying communication networks, are huge in these areas and they are granted an important share of the discussions in this paper. Furthermore, typical application scenarios in rural areas are discussed, and several country-specific use cases are surveyed. The main

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Section: ) Resource Management In Mesh/multihop Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

A Key 6G Challenge and Opportunity—Connecting the Base of the Pyramid: A Survey on Rural Connectivity

2020

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“…WiMAX [138].In [118], the problem of joint routing and scheduling in a multihop network with directional antenna was formulated as a linear program, and a scheduling algorithm is proposed based on directed edge coloring in a multi-graph. In [139], an energy aware routing approach is presented for wireless mesh networks, such that the routing path selected is the one that maximizes network lifetime.…”

Section: E Wifi/wimax/multihop/mesh Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Key 6G Challenge and Opportunity - Connecting the Remaining 4 Billions: A Survey on Rural Connectivity

Yaacoub¹,

Alouini²

2019

Preprint

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DRAFT 4) Hyper Connected: This scenario corresponds to people enjoying state-of-the-art connectivity, e.g., at least 4G and possibly 5G cellular connectivity, and/or with high speed fixed DSL or FTTH or FTTN connectivity. These subscribers typically live in urban areas, and it is extremely difficult to find them in rural areas, due to the numerous barriers discussed previously. This paper surveys the literature aiming to provide basic connectivity to the unconnected population, or aiming to increase the connectivity level of those with basic connectivity ("Under Hence, the challenges for FSO in space are less critical, and indeed significantly better performance can be achieved, especially due to the fact that the optical signal is not traversing the atmosphere. In 2008, an optical inter-satellite link achieved a data rate transmission of 5.6 Gbps for distances up to 5, 000 km in the European Data Relay satellite System (EDRS). Newer terminals can transmit at a data rate of 1.8 Gbps for distances up to 45, 000 km. The intersatellite Ka band link achieved 300 Mbps [44]. In EDRS, LEO satellites relay the data from ground stations to GEO satellites using FSO for the GEO-LEO satellite communication, and RF bands for communication with the ground stations (similarly to the satellite-satellite Ka link, the satellite-ground Ka link achieved 300 Mbps) [44]. Some of the recent satellite constellations discussed in Section II-E, e.g., Starlink, are also expected to use FSO for its inter-satellite communication [45,46,47]. D. HAPs/Drones/UAVs/BalloonsTo solve the coverage problem in large rural areas without relying on the deployment of costly wired infrastructure for backhaul, HAPs and UAVs are generally recommended [48].UAVs are proposed in [49] to provide backhaul connectivity for ground 5G base stations. A steering algorithm to allow the antennas of the UAV and the ground BS to be dynamically steered towards each other is proposed in [49], and tested via an experimental setup. In[50], a multihop network of HAPs is proposed for providing backhaul connectivity to TVWS deployments in rural areas. The HAPs communicate with each other using mmWave frequencies, and with the ground stations using FSO.An interference alignment scheme to maximize the sum-rate capacity of HAPs communicating with GSs is proposed in [51]. The scheme assumes M HAP drones and N GSs, with no CSI at the HAPs. A tethered balloon with (M − 1) × (N − 1) antennas is used as a decode and forward (DF) relay with half-duplex operation: The HAPs transmit their data to the GSs first, then the tethered balloon relays the data after performing pre-coding [51].Aerostats filled with lighter than air gas are tethered to the ground and used to provide connectivity to rural areas in [52]. Although these tethered aerostats can be used to provide backhaul connectivity by communicating with each other using directive antennas, they were also used in [52] to provide fronthaul WiFi access by using high gain omnidirectional antennas.

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“…For instance, the limitation of a high data rate encountered in the most wireless systems including WiMAX is due to interference problems [1]. Among several attempts to mitigate the underlying problems in WiMAX systems is an adaptive antenna, seen in e.g., [2][3][4][5]. In general, adaptation of the antenna can be achieved by two means, particularly non-blind and blind algorithms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient parallel architecture for implementation of the CMA adaptive antenna

Boonpoonga¹,

Sirisuk²,

Krairiksh³

2013

IETE Tech Rev

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This paper presents an efficient parallel architecture for implementation of a constant modulus algorithm (CMA) adaptive array antenna. By inserting delay units into the original CMA, a novel delayed CMA (DCMA) that can significantly reduce the associated critical path is derived. Consequently, a pipelining architecture that supports parallel processing is introduced for implementation of the DCMA. In addition to the pipelining technique, a power-of-two multiplier is proposed for the DCMA leading to the efficient FPGA implementation. The effects of delays and finite word-length on the convergence property of CMA are investigated via simulations. Moreover, the synthesized results demonstrate that FPGA implementation of the proposed architecture using power-of-two arithmetic achieves 26.9% resource reduction in comparison with that of fixed-point arithmetic and operating clock frequency higher than 65 MHz. The implemented FPGA was tested to confirm that the designed architecture operates well for CMA.

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An Adaptive Smart Antenna Testbed for WiMAX Radio

Cited by 12 publications

References 6 publications

A Key 6G Challenge and Opportunity—Connecting the Base of the Pyramid: A Survey on Rural Connectivity

A Key 6G Challenge and Opportunity—Connecting the Base of the Pyramid: A Survey on Rural Connectivity

A Key 6G Challenge and Opportunity - Connecting the Remaining 4 Billions: A Survey on Rural Connectivity

Efficient parallel architecture for implementation of the CMA adaptive antenna

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