An Alternative Way to Individualized Medicine: Psychological and Physical Traits of <i>Sasang</i> Typology

Chae, Han; Lyoo, In Kyoon; Lee, Soo Jin; Cho, Sonhae; Bae, Hyunsu; Hong, Min; Shin, Monica

doi:10.1089/107555303322284811

Cited by 136 publications

(188 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…However previous studies have reported the prevalence of the TY type between 0.03% and 0.1% (Chae et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Investigation of Genetic Evidence for Sasang Constitution Types in South Korea

Lee¹,

Jang²,

Sohn³

et al. 2009

Genomics & Informatics

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In Sasang constitutional medicine, both disease susceptibility and drug response are considered to be related to the characteristics of an individual's physiology and psychology: a theory which is central to traditional Korean medicine. Based on such observable characteristics, Sasang constitutional medicine classifies people into four constitutional types. Genetic studies of Sasang constitution would help reveal the inheritance patterns and models of the typological traits and, moreover, help with traditional medical diagnosis and treatment. To investigate the heritable aspect of Sasang constitution, we collected various pedigrees from South Korea. The study population has 101 pedigrees composed of 593 individuals. The determination of the Sasang constitution type of each individual was performed by doctors who diagnose the Sasang constitutional type of individuals as part of their professional practice. We calculated estimates of familial correlation and heritability. Parent-Offspring pairs showed the strongest familial correlation of Sasang constitutional type, with the correlation values of 0.21 and 0.28, followed by sibling pairs with the value ranging between 0.14 and 0.25. From the heritability analysis conducted with the Variance-Component method, the heritability of TE (Tae-Eum) type, SY (So-Yang) type, and SE (So-Eum) type were 55%, 41%, and 47%, respectively. This pattern of heritability was consistent with different set of analyses, which suggest the robustness of our result. Our result clearly shows that the Sasang constitution type is heritable, and further genetic analysis based on our result will shed light on the biological mechanism of Sasang constitution.

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“…However previous studies have reported the prevalence of the TY type between 0.03% and 0.1% (Chae et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Investigation of Genetic Evidence for Sasang Constitution Types in South Korea

Lee¹,

Jang²,

Sohn³

et al. 2009

Genomics & Informatics

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“…Jema Lee termed In the view of SCM, the lung, pancreas, liver, and kidney represent a functional system of organ groups that represent respiratory, digestive, preservative, and excretive systems, respectively. This table is modifi ed from Chae et al [5].…”

Section: Classifi Cation Of Human Physical Constitutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…these types as Tae-yangin, So-yangin, Tae-eumin, and So-eumin, as shown in Table 1 [5]. This terminology was adopted from the well-known Chinese philosophical writing Book of Changes ( ).…”

Section: Classifi Cation Of Human Physical Constitutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiome and Sasang Constitutional Medicine

et al. 2008

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Sasang Constitutional Medicine (SCM) is a traditional Korean form of medicine widely used in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of disease. This paper reviews the main aspects of SCM and "physiome" with emphasis on integrative and holistic characteristics. Methodological and physiological aspects of SCM are summarized with reference to existing studies. The main characteristics of SCM, such as the four physical constitutions and diagnostic methods, are introduced.Moreover, physiome and systems medicine are introduced as plausible candidates for integrative medicine and are compared to reductionism-based molecular biology. We also discuss the conceptual similarity of SCM with predictive, preventive, personalized, and participative (P4) medicine. It is emphasized that the integrative and creative combination of SCM and physiome will unlock a new era of holistic medicine.

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“…1 Studies have sought to identify distinct characteristics of the four constitutions as a means of best individualizing the treatment approach. [2][3][4][5][6] Generally, the personality traits of the TY type include a creative, positive, progressive temperament, and the type is characterized by hyperactive lung and hypoactive liver functions. The SY type personality is unstable, easily bored, and restrained; this type is more vulnerable to urinary diseases due to hypoactive kidney function.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

So-Eum Type as an Independent Risk Factor for Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Population-Based Study in Korea

Lee

Yoon²,

Yi³

et al. 2014

The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine

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Objectives: It has been hypothesized that Sasang constitutional types (SCTs) have a specific hypoactive organ, which can account for vulnerability to related diseases or symptoms. This study examined the relationship between SCTs and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Design: Cross-sectional study in a population-based cohort study in Korea. Participants: 1362 individuals (705 men and 657 women) who participated in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. Outcome measures: The participants were classified into SCTs by the integrated diagnostic model and asked about symptoms related to IBS using the Rome II criteria. Results: The prevalence of IBS differed significantly among the SCTs, with 33 (18.3%) of the So-eum (SE) type, 74 (9.9%) of the Tae-eum (TE) type, and 57 (13.2%) of the So-yang (SY) type having IBS. Even after adjustment for possible confounders, the SE type for both sexes continued to show 1.82-fold (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-3.16) excess odds of having IBS. Men with SE type had a 2.97 times (95% CI, 1.34-6.58) and a 2.50 times (95% CI, 1.15-5.47) significantly higher odds of having IBS than the TE and SY types, respectively. In analysis for the joint effect of SCT and psychological stress, the multivariate odds ratio of IBS was 3.21 (95% CI, 1.33-7.75) for the SE type and Psychological Well-Being Index-Short Form (PWI-SF) score ( < 27), and 5.83 (95% CI, 1.80-18.88) for the SE type and PWI-SF ( ‡ 27) compared with the TE type and PWI-SF score ( < 27). Conclusions: The SE type of SCT is an independent risk factor for IBS. The findings support the hypothesis that persons with SE type are vulnerable to gastrointestinal diseases.

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An Alternative Way to Individualized Medicine: Psychological and Physical Traits of Sasang Typology

Abstract: Current results demonstrated distinctive personality traits associated with Sasang types using reproducible psychometric and anthropometric instruments. With further study, the Sasang typology could serve as a scientific tool for individualized and integrative medicine.

Cited by 136 publications

References 30 publications

Investigation of Genetic Evidence for Sasang Constitution Types in South Korea

Investigation of Genetic Evidence for Sasang Constitution Types in South Korea

Physiome and Sasang Constitutional Medicine

So-Eum Type as an Independent Risk Factor for Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Population-Based Study in Korea

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