An analysis of different pumped storage schemes from a technological and economic perspective

Ruppert, Leopold; Schürhuber, Robert; List, Bernhard; Lechner, Alois; Bauer, Christian

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2017.09.057

Cited by 31 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…However, due to inconsistency in power generation, the limitations of wind and solar power have become an inevitable issue in the development of renewable energies [6]. Pumped storage power stations could regulate and stabilize the power grid, and play an important role in stabilizing a new power system where large-scale wind and solar energy are integrated with hydropower [7][8][9]. As for hydropower units, researchers have concluded that the dominant frequency component of pressure pulsation is the key factor inducing vibration within hydro units and even power stations, so the analysis of pressure pulsation is of great practical significance [10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Pressure Fluctuation of a Pump-Turbine with Splitter Blades on Small Opening in Turbine Mode

Xiao,

Chen,

Ren

et al. 2024

Energies

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Unstable flow in a pump-turbine can cause pressure pulsation, and the resulting vibration deteriorates the stability and operating safety of the unit. This study conducted three-dimensional numerical calculations of the overall flow passage of a pump-turbine with splitter blades under the small guide vane opening, and the unsteady flow characteristics of the turbine were investigated. The results showed that the pressure fluctuation was more severe at lower head operating conditions with lower efficiency, especially in the vaneless area (the runner blade passages). Under the lower head condition, the proportion of 12 times the rotational frequency (12 f/fn) increased in the vaneless area, and the amplitude of 1 f/fn as well as 2 f/fn became larger in the runner blade channel, with more space occupied by vortices and reflux areas. A spiral vortex rope formed in the draft tube, increasing the proportion of 0.4 f/fn and 0.7 f/fn pressure pulses.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Pressure Fluctuation of a Pump-Turbine with Splitter Blades on Small Opening in Turbine Mode

Xiao,

Chen,

Ren

et al. 2024

Energies

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“…Pumped storage power stations, clean energy, can effectively reduce carbon emissions [2]. A pumped storage power station is a very-large-capacity energy storage site [3], and its ability to regulate and stabilize the power grid plays a crucial role in new types of solar-wind-water complementary power systems [4][5][6]. At present, many pumped storage power stations are undergoing or have carried out the modification of splitter blades [7,8], so research on the performance of pump-turbine runners with splitter blades is of great practical significance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Flow Behavior and Pressure Fluctuation of a Pump Turbine with Splitter Blades in Part-Load Pump Mode

Xiao,

Ren,

Chen

et al. 2024

Energies

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The internal flow of a pump turbine is unstable in part-load pump mode for small guide-vane openings, and the strong vibration caused by pressure pulsation is related to the safe and stable operation of the unit. A pump turbine with a six-splitter-blade runner was chosen for unsteady simulation analyses. A standard k-epsilon turbulence model was adopted to study the unsteady flow and pressure pulsation in part-load pump mode. The predicted results show that the flow in the draft tube and the runner with splitter blades was relatively stable and the flow of the blade-to-blade channel was symmetrical. When the inlet and outlet velocity distribution of the vanes was not uniform, a vortex began to form in the stay-vane domain. The reason for this vortex formation is explained, and it is pointed out that the existence of the vortex and backflow leads to uneven velocity distribution. The unsteady calculation results showed that the pressure-pulsation peak-to-peak amplitudes in the vaneless area and guide vanes were much higher than those of other monitor points because of rotor–stator interference between the rotating runner and the vanes. In addition, the pulsation characteristics of the monitor points at different circumferential positions in the vaneless region were quite different. In the vaneless area, the velocity gradient along the circumferential direction was very large, and there was a phenomenon of backflow. Also, the pressure pulsation was 0.2 times that of the runner rotational frequency, and the blade-passing frequency was a third-order frequency. At the outlet of the guide vane, the pressure pulsation was mainly of a low frequency with a complex vortex flow. Finally, the pressure pulsation began to decrease rapidly in the stay-vane region.

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“…PSSs are an early form of modern energy storage and are important to the development of sustainable power systems. A PSS operates economically by generating electricity during peak demand periods and pumping water to storage tanks during off-peak periods; it thus plays an important role in the economical operation of conventional power systems and facilitates the efficient use of renewable energy (Gurung et al, 2016;van Meerwijk et al, 2016;Kocaman and Modi, 2017;Min and Kim, 2017;Ruppert et al, 2017;Sam and Gounden, 2017;Julian David Hunt et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Machine Learning-Based Model Predictive Control Method for Pumped Storage Systems

et al. 2021

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Integrated systems required for renewable energy use are under development. These systems impose more stringent control requirements. It is quite challenging to control a pumped storage system (PSS), which is a key component of such power systems. Because of the S-characteristic area of the PSS pump turbine, traditional proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control induces considerable speed oscillation under medium and low water heads. PSSs are difficult to model because of their nonlinear characteristics. Therefore, we propose a machine learning (ML)-based model predictive control (MPC) method. The ML algorithm is based on Koopman theory and experimental data that includes PSS state variables, and is used to establish linear relationships between the variables in high-dimensional space. Subsequently, a simple, accurate mathematical PSS model is obtained. This mathematical model is used via the MPC method to obtain the predicted control quantity value quickly and accurately. The feasibility and effectiveness of this method are simulated and tested under various operating conditions. The results demonstrate that the proposed MPC method is feasible. The MPC method can reduce the speed oscillation amplitude and improve the system response speed more effectively than PID control.

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An analysis of different pumped storage schemes from a technological and economic perspective

Cited by 31 publications

References 23 publications

Analysis of Pressure Fluctuation of a Pump-Turbine with Splitter Blades on Small Opening in Turbine Mode

Analysis of Pressure Fluctuation of a Pump-Turbine with Splitter Blades on Small Opening in Turbine Mode

Analysis of the Flow Behavior and Pressure Fluctuation of a Pump Turbine with Splitter Blades in Part-Load Pump Mode

A Machine Learning-Based Model Predictive Control Method for Pumped Storage Systems

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