An Analytical Solution for Fiber Optic Links with Photonic-Assisted Millimeter Wave Upconversion Due to MZM Nonlinearities

Souza, Romildo Henrique de; Coutinho, Olympio Lucchini; Oliveira, J.E.B.; Ferreira, Antônio Alves; Ribeiro, José Antônio Justino

doi:10.1590/2179-10742017v16i1885

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…The signal modulations at the MATP and MITP of the MZM follows the same process. The signal modulations at the MATP and MITP of the MZM follow the same process [15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Schematicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SOP Change Robust Optical Modulation Based on Dual Polarization Modulation for Multi-Dimensional Optical Transmission

Lee

Han

2021

IEEE Access

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In optical transmission technique using optical polarization, the change of state of polarization (SOP) and the rotation of SOP (RSOP) during optical transmission has a significant impact o the transmission performance. We propose polarized intensity rotational frequency shift keying (PIR-FSK) as a novel modulation technique in change of SOP and RSOP-tolerant optical transmissions. The proposed PIR-FSK signal does not affect the entire intensity of the optical carrier by modulating the sinusoidal signals on each X and Y-polarized optical carrier. Therefore, the proposed PIR-FSK modulation and optical carrier intensity modulation can operate at the same time. Moreover, since the proposed technique does not modulate the signal using the SOP unlike the PolSK, PIR-FSK is not affected by SOP changes that occur during transmission, and the signal does not be degraded even with RSOP. We demonstrated that the signals modulated using the proposed PIR-FSK modulation have higher signal capacity and efficiency compared to the signal modulated using PolSK modulation. INDEX TERMSFrequency shift keying, Multi-dimensional optical transmission,Polarization shift keying, Rotation of State of Polarization(RSOP).

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“…The signal modulations at the MATP and MITP of the MZM follows the same process. The signal modulations at the MATP and MITP of the MZM follow the same process [15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Schematicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SOP Change Robust Optical Modulation Based on Dual Polarization Modulation for Multi-Dimensional Optical Transmission

Lee

Han

2021

IEEE Access

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“…The impact of the ER of a single‐drive MZM in frequency doubling was investigated, presented as an infinite series, limiting the summing terms 19 . More complex configurations based on cascade or parallel modulators for achieving high multiplicative factors have been presented 20–25 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19 More complex configurations based on cascade or parallel modulators for achieving high multiplicative factors have been presented. [20][21][22][23][24][25] We recently demonstrated an exact closed-form frequency domain analytical solution for large-signal conditions in RoF dispersive links that employ IM-DD. We observe significant differences when high modulation index is used, which is not possible to evaluate in the approximated solutions or in the small-signal condition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large signal analysis on microwave photonic generation using an asymmetric dual‐drive Mach–Zehnder modulator and with different modulation indices

Ferreira

Ribeiro

Spadoti

2022

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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This paper proposes an exact closed‐form frequency domain analytical solution for large‐signal conditions to analyze a microwave photonic signal generator that employs external electro‐optic intensity modulation and direct detection. The detected power of the generated microwave signal was used to evaluate the effect of an asymmetric dual‐drive Mach–Zehnder modulator with finite extinction ratio and using different modulation indices. Considering these effects simultaneously, a full analysis of different bias and phase shifts is also theoretically investigated. The optimum modulation index that maximizes a desired generated microwave frequency is shown here. For a given generated harmonic, the modulation index increases by around 40%. Comparing with the ideal situation, that is, symmetric modulator and using equal modulation indices, for the same harmonic, there is a reduction of around 0.2 dB in the power level and an increase of around 10% in the modulation index to achieve maximum power.

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“…The cross section comprises three ideal lossless layers: region (1), free space above the electrodes with relative permittivity ɛ r1 ¼ 1; region (2), named buffer layer with ɛ r2 ¼ 3.9; and region (3) consisting of a Z-cut LN layer (ɛ r3// ¼ 28 and ɛ r3⊥ ¼ 43, where ɛ r3// and ɛ r3⊥ are the dielectric constants parallel and perpendicular to the optical axis of the crystal. For example, the optical channel waveguide is diffused on region (3), near the interface with the buffer layer (2). This CPS waveguide is enclosed within a conducting box with 2L width along the x-direction, and is stratified along the y-direction, whose layers have heights h 1 , h 2 and h 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Integrated optical phase modulators (IOPMs) are important elements in telecommunication systems [1], radio-frequency (RF) photonics [2], photonic integrated circuits (PICs) [3][4][5], among others. Different principles of IOPMs exist nowadays and compete with each other to achieve important PIC design goals as low drive voltages (∼1.0 V), ultra-high modulation bandwidths (as high as 500 GHz) or modulation rates (up to 400 Gbit s À 1 ), small footprints, silicon photonics compatibility and integration with CMOS electronics [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectral domain approach applied to the rigorous determination of the microwave field in planar structures with asymmetric electrodes distribution

Menezes

Lemes

Oliveira

et al. 2020

IET Microwaves Antenna & Prop

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Among several methods used for designing microstrip‐like microwave and millimetre‐wave waveguides, we have the spectral domain approach (SDA), which allows determining parameters such as effective permittivity and characteristic impedance of multi‐electrode and multi‐layer structures. SDA is also important for designing integrated optical phase modulators, especially for computing the electromagnetic field distribution, which is essential for the determination of their half‐wave voltage and frequency bandwidth. However, it was verified that when SDA technique is applied to the computation of the field pattern inside boxed waveguides with asymmetric electrode distribution, accurate results were not obtained. Since electrical quantities in SDA, including electromagnetic field, depend on the current distribution on the electrodes, a formulation taking into account the method of images for the correct description of these currents can solve the drawback. Simulations show that using asymmetric electrodes in lithium‐niobate‐based coplanar strip (CPS) modulators, although not very usual, can provide an extra degree of freedom to their designs. We show that is possible to reduce the effective permittivity, obtain characteristic impedances nearer 50 Ω, and double the peak amplitude for the π‐mode electric field compared to that obtained for odd mode on symmetric CPS. This can improve the performance of travelling‐wave electro‐optic modulators.

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An Analytical Solution for Fiber Optic Links with Photonic-Assisted Millimeter Wave Upconversion Due to MZM Nonlinearities

Cited by 10 publications

References 23 publications

SOP Change Robust Optical Modulation Based on Dual Polarization Modulation for Multi-Dimensional Optical Transmission

SOP Change Robust Optical Modulation Based on Dual Polarization Modulation for Multi-Dimensional Optical Transmission

Large signal analysis on microwave photonic generation using an asymmetric dual‐drive Mach–Zehnder modulator and with different modulation indices

Spectral domain approach applied to the rigorous determination of the microwave field in planar structures with asymmetric electrodes distribution

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