An Analytical Study of Common Urinary Problems in Females

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Urinary problems affect many women, and while some of these are not a serious threat to overall health, they are distressing and can negatively affect one's quality of life. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To identify the common urinary problems in females, their etiology and symptomatology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a prospective epidemiological study of 500 female patients with urinary problems, who attended the gynecology and urology OPD in our institute which is a tertiary referral Centre. RESULTS: 54.8 percent of women were in 31-50 year age group. Increased frequency and burning micturition were the commonly observed urinary problems. (207 and 346 patients respectively). Incontinence (Both stress and urge) was observed in138 patients (27.6%). 72% women had no primary level of education. 49% women were multiparous (3 or more Para) 23.8% (119 of patients) women still remained undiagnosed. Irritative symptoms and pain hypogastrium were the common presenting complaints in undiagnosed patients. Majority (65.5%) of undiagnosed patients had history of neuropsychiatric problems. CONCLUSION: The present study throws light on the etiology of common urinary problems in females. KEYWORDS: Common Urinary Problems, Undiagnosed. INTRODUCTION:Urinary problems are frustrating, embarrassing and affect quality of life. Some problems, especially, incontinence, are considered as a normal phenomenon with increasing age by some women. Prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms including incontinence is higher in females than in males. (1, 2) One reason is the anatomical difference, female pelvis has wider outlet which predisposes for subsequent pelvic floor weakness. (3) The second is physiological with increasing age. Change in hormonal status and physiology of female urogenital tract predispose to voiding dysfunction. (4) Another factor is silent trauma to the pelvic supports-the utmost important structure for proper functioning of lower urinary tract in the form of multiple vaginal deliveries (Specially unattended home deliveries) and various obstetric and gynaecological surgeries (Caesarean section, hysterectomy etc.) (1,2) MATERIALS & METHODS:This is a prospective epidemiological study of 500 female patients with urinary problems, who attended the gynaecology and urology OPD in our institute. Patients included were above 18 years of age. Patients with major co-morbidity like malignancies of uro-genital tract (cervix, urinary bladder, uterus, vagina, ovary etc.,) were excluded. This study is based on history and clinical examination of patients. Urinary complaints were noted along with the duration, parity of patient, mode and place of delivery. History of any chronic disease or any previous pelvic surgery were noted. Probable diagnosis was made clinically and with help of investigations. Patients were explained about their complaints, investigations and available treatments and motivated to come for follow up for further management. Page 1257 RESULTS: 54.8% patients were in 31-50 years age group. Burning mictu...