An apparatus for the detected and quantitation of volatile human effluents

Ellin, Robert I.; Farrand, Richard L.; Oberst, Fred W.; Crouse, Charles L.; Billups, Norman B.; Koon, William S.; Musselman, Nelson P.; Sidell, Frederick R.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(00)86048-3

Cited by 62 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This report extends previous studies (8) that localized AgOR7 to the antennae, maxillary palpi, and, unexpectedly, the labellum of the proboscis of A. gambiae, which has, until now, been thought to be an exclusively gustatory sensory organ. Here, ELG analyses revealed significant labial olfactory responses to odorants such as several ketone odorants, butylamine, which has been identified in human skin emanations (18), and other short-chain carboxlyic acids (e.g., acetic, isovaleric, lactic, oxobutylic, and oxovaleric acids). These acidic odorants frequently elicited upward ELG responses at high (10 Ϫ2 ) and low (10 Ϫ4 ) concentrations ( Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…1), which elicited either fast downward or, occasionally, upward voltage changes. Tested chemicals included butylamine, previously isolated from human effluents (18), butanol, and several short-chain aliphatic carboxylic acids, such as acetic, butylic, isovaleric, oxobutylic, and oxovaleric acids, each resulting in significant ELG responses in the labellum compared with solvent controls (t test, P Ͻ 0.01, Fig. 1 C and D).…”

Section: Characterization Of Olfactory Responses From the Proboscis Omentioning

confidence: 99%

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Olfactory responses in a gustatory organ of the malaria vector mosquito Anopheles gambiae

Kwon

Lu²,

Rützler³

et al. 2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

138

149

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The proboscis is an important head appendage in insects that has primarily been thought to process gustatory information during food intake. Indeed, in Drosophila and other insects in which they have been identified, most gustatory receptors are expressed in proboscis neurons. Our previous characterization of the expression of AgOR7, a highly conserved odorant receptor (OR) of the Afrotropical malaria vector mosquito Anopheles gambiae in the labellum at the tip of the proboscis was suggestive of a potential olfactory function in this mosquito appendage. To test this hypothesis, we used electrophysiological recording and neuronal tracing, and carried out a molecular characterization of candidate OR expression in the labellum of A. gambiae. These studies have uncovered a set of labial olfactory responses to a small spectrum of human-related odorants, such as isovaleric acid, butylamine, and several ketones and oxocarboxylic acids. Molecular analyses indicated that at least 24 conventional OR genes are expressed throughout the proboscis. Furthermore, to more fully examine AgOR expression within this tissue, we characterized the AgOR profile within a single labial olfactory sensillum. This study provides compelling data to support the hypothesis that a cryptic set of olfactory neurons that respond to a small set of odorants are present in the mouth parts of hematophagous mosquitoes. This result is consistent with an important role for the labellum in the close-range discrimination of bloodmeal hosts that directly impacts the ability of A. gambiae to transmit malaria and other diseases.olfaction ͉ proboscis ͉ insect ͉ olfactory receptor neuron

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Characterization Of Olfactory Responses From the Proboscis Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory responses in a gustatory organ of the malaria vector mosquito Anopheles gambiae

Kwon

Lu²,

Rützler³

et al. 2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

138

149

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“…Isobutylamine, a constituent of mouse urine (Nishimura et al, 1989) and human vaginal secretions (Jones et al, 1994), was among the compounds that evoked the strongest responses from the amine-sensitive receptor cells in all three GP sensilla types of T. infestans nymphs. This compound and butylamine, a volatile present in human effluvia (Ellin et al, 1974) that also excites the amine receptor cells of T. infestans, may constitute part of the host odour that attracts triatomines (Taneja and Guerin, 1995). Short-chain aliphatic amine-excited receptor cells have been reported in GP sensilla of mosquitoes where pentylamine is the best stimulus (Pappenberger et al, 1996).…”

Section: Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructure and receptor cell responses of the antennal grooved peg sensilla of Triatoma infestans (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)

Diehl

Vlimant

Guerenstein

et al. 2003

Arthropod Structure & Development

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Ultrastructural examination of grooved-peg (GP) sensilla on the antenna of fifth instar Triatoma infestans nymphs by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy reveal that they are 8-18 mm long with a diameter of about 2 -2.8 mm at the nonarticulated base. Some pegs have a terminal pore. These double-walled wall-pore (dw-wp) sensilla have an outer cuticular wall with 13 -18 longitudinal grooves at the distal part of the peg. Groove channels are present at the bottom of the grooves from which radial spoke channels lead into the inner sensillum-lymph cavity. A dendrite sheath connects the tip of the thecogen cell to the inner cuticular wall thus forming separated outer and inner sensillum-lymph cavities. Four or five bipolar receptor cells are ensheathed successively within the GP sensilla by the thecogen cell, trichogen and tormogen cells. The inner dendritic segments of each sensory cell give rise at the ciliary constriction to an unbranched outer dendritic segment which can reach the tip of the sensillum.Electrophysiological recordings from the GP sensilla indicate that they house NH 3 , short-chain carboxylic acid and short-chain aliphatic amine receptor cells and can be divided into three functional sub-types (GP 1 -3). All GP sensilla carry a receptor cell excited by aliphatic amines, such as isobutylamine, a compound associated with vertebrate odour. GP type 1 and 2 sensilla house, in addition, an NH 3 -excited cell whereas the type 2 sensilla also contains a short-chain carboxylic acid receptor. No cell particularly sensitive to either NH 3 or carboxylic acids was found in the grooved-peg type 3 sensilla. GP types 1, 2 and 3 represent ca. 36, 10 and 43% of the GP sensilla, respectively, whereas the remaining 11% contain receptor cells that manifest normal spontaneous activity but do not respond to any of the afore mentioned stimuli.

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“…The VOS extracts obtained from gravid animals just prior to the natural spawning season are chemically quite similar to those from nereids (see Zeeck et al 1988) but also to VOS extracted from other marine organisms, e.g. in the Atlantic oyster Crassostrea virginica (Josephson et al 1985), numerous insects (Bestmann & Vostrowsky 1982), mammals (Albone & Shirley 1984), and even human urine (Ellin et al 1974) Some of the idenbfied substances from Arenicola marina have been described a s pheromones In insects, e.g. a number of ketones function as alarm pheromones in ants , (Shorey 1977), as well as in mammals such as the reindeer Rangifer tarandus (Andersson 1977).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Sex pheromones in marine polychaetes:volatile organic substances (VOS) isolated from Arenicola marina

Jd¹,

Mg²,

Beckmann³

et al. 1996

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Volatile organic substances (VOS) were extracted from the coelomic fluid of gravid specimens of the lugworm Arenicola marina through the use of using a closed loop stripping technique and analysed via coupled gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. VOS detectable in coelomic fluid of mature specimens include aldehydes, n-alkanes, methyl-alkanes, terpenes and ketones. The bouquet of compounds is very similar to nereid volatiles that have been recently described as having sex pheromonal activity. One of the major constituents is the ketone 5-methyl-3-heptanone, the sex pheromone of Platynereis dumerilii and Nereis succinea. Behavioural bioassays with gravld specimens produced no evidence that this substance has any pheromonal function in A. marina. Samples taken at monthly intervals showed an increase in the content of VOS in the coelomic fluid of both sexes during maturation with 1 major peak, 2-ethyl-hexanol, representing up to 50% of the total amount of VOS in spawning male lugworms. Behavioural assays with ripe females established the existence of a chemical cue inducing the burrow ~rngation behaviour during which sea water is pumped through the burrows. This behaviour ensures transport of spermatozoa from the water column into the tube inhabited by the female and increases fertilization success by minimising the dilution effects of the incoming tide. The VOS extract obtained from male spawning water had biological activity in eliciting the 'pumping' behaviour in females, with 16 of 24 worms irrigating continuously upon exposure, whilst controls showed no increase of activity, with 'pumping' occurring at 30 to 40 min intervals.

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An apparatus for the detected and quantitation of volatile human effluents

Cited by 62 publications

References 3 publications

Olfactory responses in a gustatory organ of the malaria vector mosquito Anopheles gambiae

Olfactory responses in a gustatory organ of the malaria vector mosquito Anopheles gambiae

Ultrastructure and receptor cell responses of the antennal grooved peg sensilla of Triatoma infestans (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)

Sex pheromones in marine polychaetes:volatile organic substances (VOS) isolated from Arenicola marina

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