An application of the image analyzer to the soft radiogram of the third metacarpus in horses.

Yoshihara, Toyohiko; Kaneko, Mikihiro; Oikawa, Masa-aki; Wada, Ryuichi; Tomioka, Yoshio

doi:10.1292/jvms1939.51.184

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This suggests that the number of C cells does not increase in 5-year-old horses with fractures compared with horses without fractures. It was thought previously that the occurrence of a bone fracture in racehorses is caused by the excessive biodynamic load during racing [6], but it has also been reported that based on the results of analysis of bone strength and density, most bone fractures are the result of an existing morbid lesion rather than deriving from a spontaneous lesion [3,5,9,10]. Calcitonin, which is secreted by C cells, is a hormone that suppresses the movement of calcium from bone [2].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been reported that the majority of bone fractures in racehorses derive from pathological changes in bone characteristics rather than from sudden accidents [3,5,9,10]. Furthermore, it has been reported that the serum calcitonin level in racehorses with a bone fracture is significantly higher than that of healthy horses [1] but there have been few reports of investigations of bone disease based on endocrinological considerations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Distribution of Thyroid Gland C Cells at Fractures in Thoroughbred Racehorses.

Yoshikawa

Oishi

Ueki

et al. 2002

JES

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of Thyroid Gland C Cells at Fractures in Thoroughbred Racehorses.

Yoshikawa

Oishi

Ueki

et al. 2002

JES

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Subchondral bone at the distal condyle has a high bone volume fraction, particularly in those portions that directly underlie the medial and lateral condyles (Yoshihara, Kaneko, Oikawa, Wada and Tomioka 1989;Firth, Rogers, Doube and Jopson 2005). The epiphyseal trabeculae are arranged as plates in the sagittal plane, which are joined by short transverse struts.…”

Section: 2 3 Bone Structural Organisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcified tissue structure in the distal condyle of the third metacarpal bone in young Thoroughbred horses

Doube¹

2017

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aims: To determine improvements in third metacarpal (Mc3) condylar microanatomy attributable to preconditioning exercise. To investigate developmental causes of Mc3 condylar fracture.Methods: Twelve Thoroughbred horses were raised at pasture; six received preconditioning exercise from 10 days. Calcein labels were administered 19 and 11 days prior to euthanasia at 18 months. Six horses also received 2 seasons of race-training and were euthanised at 3 years. Slices were taken from the distal Mc3 condyle in the frontal and dorsal-and palmar-oblique frontal planes, scanned with DXA and macerated (frontal slices) or embedded in PMMA (oblique slices).Articular calcified cartilage (ACC) and subchondral bone (SCB) in oblique slices were imaged using confocal scanning light microscopy and quantitative backscattered electron scanning electron microscopy. ACC and SCB in the palmar slice lateral parasagittal grooves were imaged using µCT and nanoindentation tested. Results: Characteristic spatial variations in ACC and SCB histomorphometric parameters were present, none of which was significantly related to preconditioning exercise. Thickened, aberrantly mineralised ACC was found in 13/24 parasagittal grooves in the palmar slices and on the sagittal ridge of 4/12 dorsal slices of 18-month-old horses. Deep to thickened ACC, SCB had an open marrow structure, having not adopted the buttress morphology of the normal SCB plate. SCB in 3-year-old horses had incorporated early ACC defects as notches in parasagittal grooves and a hyaline cartilage island in a sagittal ridge. ACC was less stiff and SCB more stiff in affected than unaffected parasagittal grooves. Chondroclastic resorption in the parasagittal groove may be retarded as early as 3-6 months, possibly due to localised inhibition of Dr Naomi Boxall has guided me through the PhD experience; as one of the several PhD students 5 Attribution I knew while an undergraduate at Massey University she gave me insight into coping with the varied challenges that postgraduate study entails. Naomi also helped correct my sometimes dubious spelling, grammar and punctuation while preparing documents for submission. Jen Swindlehurst provided a number of images of equine metacarpals from her own studies that I was kindly allowed to use in my presentations. Jen's work also (conveniently) supported my own, and it was nice to have a colleague who was so intimately familiar with the problem of condylar fracture. Several of Professor

show abstract

“…Of these, longitudinal fractures of the distal part of McIII are suggested to occur from subchondral cancellous bone sclerosis [2]. The stiffening process was likely reflected by the increases of bone mass,i.e., bone density [6] and bone mineral content [5].…”

Section: -Note-mentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Measurement of the Bone Mineral Density of the Third Metacarpal Bone by Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry in Racehorses-Comparison with Single Photon Absorptiometry.

Oikawa

Shimazu

1996

JES

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bone mineral density (BMD, g/cm 2 ) in the distal portion of the third metacarpal bone (McIII) of racehorses was measured by a dual energy x-ray absorptiometry system (DEXA; ALOKA Co, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) Although there are several techniques to measure bone mineral content in vivo or in vitro, photon absorptiometry using 241 Americium as a source of monoenergetic (60 KeV) photons (SPA) has been used in horses [5]. SPA has reported that the value of the McIII measured by SPA were well correlated with the weight of ashed McIII, and the reproducibility of the value was high, thus being a precise and accurate non-invasive in vitro method of quantifying bone mineral content in equine McIII [5].Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), which is a relatively new photon absorptiometry, uses two energies of x-rays as the photon source. Unlike SPA, DEXA avoids the needs for the limb to be immersed or surrounded by soft-tissue-equivalent-medium, provides images not available by SPA (so that a region of interest can be set in a fixed position while observing images and ensuring the position) and has been reported to be a quick and reliable method for determining bone mineral content [3]. The principle of the two techniques described above is to scan a bone with a narrow beam of singleenergy photons in SPA or dual-energy photons in DEXA and measure the degree of attenuation of the beam by bone, relative to its attenuation by tissue, by means of a detector system. A direct relationship is established between the number of extra photons absorbed and bone mineral content. The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation of bone mineral content measured by SPA and that determined by DEXA for applying DEXA as the method of quantifying mineral content in vitro of the distal portion of McIII in racehorses.Measurements of mineral contents of the McIII in racehorses was made using DEXA (DCS-3000; ALOKA

show abstract

An application of the image analyzer to the soft radiogram of the third metacarpus in horses.

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Distribution of Thyroid Gland C Cells at Fractures in Thoroughbred Racehorses.

Distribution of Thyroid Gland C Cells at Fractures in Thoroughbred Racehorses.

Calcified tissue structure in the distal condyle of the third metacarpal bone in young Thoroughbred horses

In Vitro Measurement of the Bone Mineral Density of the Third Metacarpal Bone by Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry in Racehorses-Comparison with Single Photon Absorptiometry.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About