An approach to finding an integral characteristic of ionospheric and lightning activity from WWLLN observational data

Abstract

An integral parameter for estimating the ionospheric and lightning activity (Ionosphere & Lightning Intention Index, I&LII) has been proposed. This parameter is derived from the spectrogram of a signal recorded in the frequency range of 9 to 11 kHz at a World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) station in real time.