An Approach to Pharmacological Targets of Pyrrole Family From Medicinal Chemistry Viewpoint

Abstract

Pyrrole is one of the most widely used heterocycles in the pharmaceutical industry. Due to the importance of pyrrole structure in drug design and development, herein, we tried to conduct an extensive review of the bioactive pyrrole based compounds reported recently. The bioactivity of pyrrole derivatives varies, so in the review, we categorized them based on their direct pharmacologic targets. Therefore, readers are able to find the variety of biologic targets for pyrrole containing compounds easily. This review explains around seventy different biologic targets for pyrrole based derivatives, so, it is helpful for medicinal chemists in design and development novel bioactive compounds for different diseases. This review presents an extensive meaningful structure activity relationship for each reported structure as much as possible. The review focuses on papers published between 2018 and 2020.

Stereoselective Asymmetric Syntheses of Molecules with a 4,5-Dihydro-1H-[1,2,4]-Triazoline Core Possessing an Acetylated Carbohydrate Appendage: Crystal Structure, Spectroscopy, and Pharmacology

“… General chemical structure of the 1,2,4-triazoline derivatives and the predicted biological activity sites [ 42 , 43 , 44 ]. The asterisk mark represents the newly generated chiral center.…”

Functionalized 2,3′-Bipyrroles and Pyrrolo[1,2-c]imidazoles from Acylethynylpyrroles and Tosylmethylisocyanide

“…The widespread applications of pyrroles, including their assemblies and the functionalized fused derivatives, in such fields as pharmacology, medicinal chemistry and materials science as well as their significance as precursors in the synthesis of many natural products have made this class of compounds one of the most important in heterocyclic chemistry [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ].…”

“…Many products containing the pyrrole moiety exhibit a broad range of biological activities such as anticancer, antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antipsychotic, antimalarial, insecticidal, etc. [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. Based on pyrroles, anti-hyperlipidemic atorvastatin, anti-tumor agents sunitinib, vemurafenib, ruxolinitib and pemetrexed, vonoprazan used for the treatment of gastroduodenal ulcers, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents tolmetin, zomepirac and ketorolac were created.…”

Synthesis of Substituted Pyrrole Derivatives Based on 8-Azaspiro[5.6]dodec-10-ene Scaffold

“…Nowadays, heterocyclic chemistry has a fundamental role in drug discovery. Pyrrole derivatives are of great importance in drug design [3]. Pyrrole-based compounds have a wide range of biological activity.…”