An approach to single optical component antenna base stations for broad-band millimeter-wave fiber-radio access systems

Kitayama, Ken‐ichi; Stöhr, A.; Kuri, Toshiaki; Heinzelmann, R.; Jäger, D.; Takahashi, Y.

doi:10.1109/22.899017

Cited by 59 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Note that Fig. 27(e) and (f) indicate only the harmonics generated by the upconversion step, i.e., assuming an unmodulated laser output of E 1 (t) = √ 2P in e jω c t in Equation (24) and Equation (25), while any data employed in the prior baseband/RF modulation step would be located around the harmonics.…”

Section: A Optical Upconversion Using the Non-linearity Of The Mzmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Equation (24) states that the optical field has only odd harmonics for case of MITP biasing. However, when we have γ ≈ 1, the optical field also has imperfectly suppressed even harmonics.…”

Section: A Optical Upconversion Using the Non-linearity Of The Mzmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3) Centralised signal processing at the BS and the ability of the BS to serve a number of RAPs that have a simple architecture, as shown in Fig. 2, makes a cellular system relying on numerous small cells economically feasible [24]. Furthermore, better bandwidth/channel allocation using dynamic algorithms as well as technology and hardware upgrades can be readily implemented, when using centralised signal processing at the BS [25].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Millimeter-Wave Radio Over Fiber Optical Upconversion Techniques Relying on Link Nonlinearity

Thomas

El‐Hajjar

Hanzo

2016

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

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Abstract-A study of advanced upconversion techniques used in radio over fiber (ROF) is provided. With the huge increase in both the number of wireless communication subscribers and the bandwidth required per customer, migrating to higher frequencies, i.e., from lower radio frequency to millimeter-wave carriers, is an essential solution. However, due to the short propagation range of millimeter waves, a large number of radio access points are required for providing reliable coverage, which would increase the infrastructure costs. Hence, the transmission of RF signals between the central (or control) points and radio access points (or remote antenna units) using optical fibers is one of the major access network solutions that have been proposed for future high-bandwidth wireless communication systems. In this paper, we introduce the basics of ROF communication, including optical modulation, the optical channel, and the optical detection techniques. Then we survey the family of advanced optical upconversion techniques that exploit the nonlinearity of the ROF link. Specifically, we describe how optical upconversion can be achieved by exploiting the Mach-Zehnder modulator's nonlinearity, wavelength conversion techniques, or the photodetector's nonlinearity. The wavelength conversion techniques rely on the nonlinearities present in the fiber, in the optical amplifier, or in the electroabsorption modulator. Index Terms-Radio over fiber, direct modulation, external modulation, direct photo-detection, coherent photo-detection, mach zehnder modulator, cross phase modulation, self phase modulation, four wave mixing, stimulated raman scattering, stimulated brillouin scattering, optical frequency modulation, optical phase modulation, optical intensity modulation, optical single side band modulation, optical double side band modulation, optical carrier suppression modulation, sub carrier multiplexing, wavelength division multiplexing, optical N-tupling, optical upconversion, semiconductor optical amplifier, electro-absorption modulator, mach zehnder interferometer, highly nonlinear dispersion shifted fiber, nonlinear optical loop mirror, millimeter wave, 5G, microwave photonics.

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Section: A Optical Upconversion Using the Non-linearity Of The Mzmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Optical Upconversion Using the Non-linearity Of The Mzmmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Millimeter-Wave Radio Over Fiber Optical Upconversion Techniques Relying on Link Nonlinearity

Thomas

El‐Hajjar

Hanzo

2016

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

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“…Fig. 71(a) illustrates the dependence of the EAM absorption on the operating wavelength [11]. As shown in Fig.…”

Section: ) Optical Carrier Recovery and Re-use (Ocrr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Economically viable small cells: In a ROF system, each BS serves a number of RAPs as shown in Fig. 2(b), where centralised signal processing takes place at the BS, while the RAPs have a low cost, hence reducing the cost of setting up a cellular system that employs small cells [11]. This is one of the major aims of the architectures and techniques discussed in Sections II and VI of this paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Improvement and Cost Reduction Techniques for Radio Over Fiber Communications

Thomas

El‐Hajjar

Hanzo

2015

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

141

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Abstract-Advanced cost reduction and performance improvement techniques conceived for Radio Over Fiber (ROF) communications are considered. ROF techniques are expected to form the backbone of the future 5G generation of wireless networks. The achievable link performance and the associated deployement cost constitute the most salient metrics of a ROF architecture. In this paper, we commence by providing a rudimentary overview of the ROF architecture and then elaborate on ROF techniques designed for improving the attainable system performance. We conclude by describing the ROF techniques conceived for reducing the ROF system installation costs.

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Fibre Radio Technology

Novak

Nirmalathas

Lim

et al. 2009

Microwave Photonics

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An approach to single optical component antenna base stations for broad-band millimeter-wave fiber-radio access systems

Cited by 59 publications

References 27 publications

Millimeter-Wave Radio Over Fiber Optical Upconversion Techniques Relying on Link Nonlinearity

Millimeter-Wave Radio Over Fiber Optical Upconversion Techniques Relying on Link Nonlinearity

Performance Improvement and Cost Reduction Techniques for Radio Over Fiber Communications

Fibre Radio Technology

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