An Artificial Neural Network Compensated Output Feedback Power-Level Control for Modular High Temperature  Gas-Cooled Reactors

Dong, Zhe

doi:10.3390/en7031149

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In recent decades, nuclear reactor technology has continued to be developed and mature. The breakthrough in large-scale desalination technology has made it possible to develop commercial-scale desalination production, and it has been proven technically feasible to replace conventional energy with nuclear energy for desalination [15][16][17]. At the beginning of this century, Tsinghua University employed the seawater desalination economic evaluation program (DEEP 2.0 software) developed by IAEA to evaluate the economic performance of the HTGR coupled reverse osmosis method (HTGR-RO), which could produce fresh water 480,000 m 3 /d, and the results showed that it was more economical than fossil fuels [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection of Planning Options of Electricity and Freshwater Cogeneration Method Based on High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor

2022

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The lack of fresh water in the world has become a growing concern. As an open-source incremental technology for water resources, desalination has become an important method to solve the global water crisis. Based on the inherent safety, versatility, modularity, and advantages of high-temperature gas-cooled reactors, the Saudi Arabia desalination project is the relying background. This paper proposes a complete solution for the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor power and water coproduction project by selecting a combination of process-proven multi-effect distillation (MED) and reverse osmosis (RO). In the scheme, a tertiary circuit is designed for the isolation of radioactive entities. An innovative comparative analysis of the engineering investment and production costs of different desalination technologies, such as MED and RO, and a comparison of the investment estimates of the “thermal” and “membrane” methods for the production of 10,000 tonnes of fresh water per day are performed. The feasibility and energy efficiency of the multi-effect distillation–reverse osmosis (MED-RO) scheme are presented, demonstrating the feasibility and practicality of the above approach.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection of Planning Options of Electricity and Freshwater Cogeneration Method Based on High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor

2022

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“…Hence, the nuclear societies worldwide have been developing new and innovative reactors with the objective of guaranteeing safety under any circumstances and in natural disasters. Due to the increment of the requirements for the nuclear safety and security [1], there are a lot of research and technology developments to improve the safety, sustainability, efficiency, and cost in nuclear power plants (e.g., Generation IV reactors [2,3], Thorium reactors [4], and small modular reactors [5,6]). Currently, the research on small modular reactors (SMRs) is increasing rapidly owing to the advantages of these devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Study on the Effects of Relative Diameters on the Performance of Small Modular Reactors Driven by Natural Circulation

Kim

Lee

et al. 2020

Energies

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Most of the small modular reactors (SMRs) under development worldwide present the same components: an integral reactor vessel with a low-positioned core as the heat source and a high-positioned steam generator as the heat sink. Moreover, some SMRs are being designed to be driven by natural circulation during normal power generation. This work focused on such designs and on their performance, considering the changes generated by the geometric and hydraulic parameters of the system. Numerical simulations using mass, momentum, and energy equations that considered buoyancy forces were performed to determine the effects of various geometric and hydraulic parameters, such as diameters and flow resistances, on the reactor’s performance. It was found that nonuniform diameters promote velocity changes that affect the natural circulation flow rate. Moreover, the reactor’s temperature distribution depends on the steam generator tube pitch. Therefore, the hydraulic diameters of the reactor’s coolant passages should be maintained as uniform as possible to obtain a more uniform temperature distribution and a larger mass flow rate in SMRs.

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“…To guarantee the stability of the closed-loop formed by subsystem (34) and (18), it is necessary to design a proper online adaptation law of ˆi  (i = 1, 2). Thus, define the expanded Lyapunov function as…”

Section: Remarkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By adopting point kinetics with one equivalent delayed neutron group, by considering the temperature feedback effect of the reactor core composed of both the pebble-bed and reflector, and based upon the conservation law of thermal energy, the dynamic model for control design can be written as [15,18]:…”

Section: Nonlinear State-space Model For Control Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Arab-Alibeik designed an adaptive power-level controller by using Combined Grid a feedforward artificial neural network (ANN) [17] for the PWRs, and the corresponding ANN is trained online. Dong proposed an ANN-compensated output feedback power-level controller for MHTGRs [18], and the corresponding ANN is a just multi-layer perceptron (MLP) that is trained online by an algorithm given by the need of guaranteeing globally closed-loop stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Saturated Adaptive Output-Feedback Power-Level Control for Modular High Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactors

Dong

2014

Energies

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Small modular reactors (SMRs) are those nuclear fission reactors with electrical output powers of less than 300 MWe. Due to its inherent safety features, the modular high temperature gas-cooled reactor (MHTGR) has been seen as one of the best candidates for building SMR-based nuclear plants with high safety-level and economical competitive power. Power-level control is crucial in providing grid-appropriation for all types of SMRs. Usually, there exists nonlinearity, parameter uncertainty and control input saturation in the SMR-based plant dynamics. Motivated by this, a novel saturated adaptive output-feedback power-level control of the MHTGR is proposed in this paper. This newly-built control law has the virtues of having relatively neat form, of being strong adaptive to parameter uncertainty and of being able to compensate control input saturation, which are given by constructing Lyapunov functions based upon the shifted-ectropies of neutron kinetics and reactor thermal-hydraulics, giving an online tuning algorithm for the controller parameters and proposing a control input saturation compensator respectively. It is proved theoretically that input-to-state stability (ISS) can be guaranteed for the corresponding closed-loop system. In order to verify the theoretical results, this new control strategy is then applied to the large-range power maneuvering control for the MHTGR of the HTR-PM plant. Numerical simulation results show not only the relationship between regulating performance and control input saturation bound but also the feasibility of applying this saturated adaptive control law practically. OPEN ACCESSEnergies 2014, 7 7621

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An Artificial Neural Network Compensated Output Feedback Power-Level Control for Modular High Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactors

Cited by 18 publications

References 40 publications

Selection of Planning Options of Electricity and Freshwater Cogeneration Method Based on High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor

Selection of Planning Options of Electricity and Freshwater Cogeneration Method Based on High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor

Numerical Study on the Effects of Relative Diameters on the Performance of Small Modular Reactors Driven by Natural Circulation

Saturated Adaptive Output-Feedback Power-Level Control for Modular High Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactors

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